Unit 10 Book 3(第三版).doc

Unit 10Text IIWriting Skills The text is short but forceful, written in the form of a fable. A fable is usually an imaginary short story, meant to teach a moral. The writer uses a story of her own invention in an effort to warn people of the dangers of pollution.The content of the text is organized in a pattern of comparison and contrast.The writer uses writing techniques as parallelism, inversion, complicated sentence structures, carefully selected punctuation marks and a rhetorical question.The writer successfully repeats a key idea in different words.II. Language Points1. in the heart of: in the central part/ centre of e.g. They are now in the of the forest. Lets get to the of the matter /the subject. cf: in the midst of: in the middle of, among2. harmony harmony (n.) u: agreement (of feeling, interests, opinions, etc) e.g. The of sea and sky makes a beautiful picture. There was perfect between the two brothers. par. The agreement of colors will make us comfortable. There is no agreement between two selfish men. in harmony: peacefully, in agreement e.g. Bob and John worked together in for years. par. The boys and girls are singing in agreement. be in/ out of harmony with: be (not) correspondent/ coincident with e.g. His tastes are in (out of ) with mine. She lived in with her neighbors. par. The violin was in agreement with the rest of the musical instrument. The old ideas are not corespondent with the modern ones. harmonious (adj.)a) in agreement; free from ill feeling e.g. families /neighborsb) pleasingly or satisfactorily arranged协调的, 调和的 e.g. colors a group of building harmoniously (adv.) e.g. The family lived . We worked together . harmonize (v.) a) bring one thing into harmony with another e.g. She painted the walls to the colors of the walls and the curtains. He tried hard to his views with facts.b) be in harmony or agreement e.g. The colors dont seem to with the decorations. Your temperament doesnt with a slow pace of life.c) (music) add notes (a melody) to make chords配上和音 e.g. The singer began to the songs.3. in the midst of: in the middle of; among midst: (literature or old use ) the middle part or portion in/ into/ from/ out of the (of) e.g. They departed in the of a heavy rain. He is the enemy I the of us /in our . ( among us) We rode into the of the woods.4. lie /lay/lain be situated e.g. The small village s at the foot of the mountain. The new capital of Brazil, Brasilia, s 600 miles northwest of the old capital. be kept or remains in a certain state e.g. The fields lay thickly covered with weeds, because of Shakas orders for mourning. The snow lay thick on the ground. The man lay in prison for seven years. hang, hover (used with over) e.g. Deep sorrow lay over the whole country at the death of the premier. Silence is lying over the forest. A curse has always lain over that family. (恶运缠绕) be in a flat, resting position e.g. He likes lying in bed after waking up. The wounded soldier was lying on the battlefield. (of things) be resting flat on sth. e.g. The book I bought last week are lying open on the table. be e.g. For the next three months, the whole countryside lay in a grip of iron. The manager wanted everything to in his power. The cause of Benny Parets death s in the prevailing mores. phrases with sb.: be sbs duty or responsibility e.g. The responsibility s with the people to see a man hurt. The decision/ solution / choice s with you. It s with you to accept or reject the invitation. in sth.: (of abstract things) exist e.g. The trouble s in the engine. The greatest charm of the brides costume s in its simplicity.5. bloom (n.): flower, esp. of plants admired chiefly for their flowers (eg: roses, tulips, chrysanthemums) be in : ( of plants) flowering e.g. The tulips are in full now. (vi.): be in flower, bear flowers e.g. The roses have been ing all summer. cf: blossom (n.): flower, esp. of a fruit-tree be in : (of bushes and trees) having flowers e.g. The apple-trees are in . (vi.): open into flowers e.g. The cherry-trees will next month.6. flame (vi.): burn with, send out, flames; be or become like flames, in color发火焰, 红如 火焰 e.g. hillsides flaming with the colors of autumn His face d with anger. (n.): visible part of a fire e.g. The house was in s. (on fire, burning)7. flicker (vi.)a) (of a light; fig of hopes, etc) burn or shine unsteadily, flash and die away by turns闪烁不 定,摇曳 e.g. The candle ed and then went out. The last faint hope in her breast ed up and died.b) move back and forth, wave to and fro来回移动,摇晃 e.g. The leaves were ing in the wind. Did you see the shadows ing on the wall?(n.): (usu. sing.) flickering movement e.g. the of a candle/ light8. foxes barked in the hillsA fox barksA dog barks. A hen cackles/ clucks.A wolf howls. A cat mews. A cock/ rooster crows.A cow moos. A pig grunts. A bee drones /hums.9. laurel: (n.) evergreen shrub with smooth, shiny leaves, used by ancient Romans and Greeks as an emblem of victory, success and distinction e.g. win /gain ones s: win reputation, honor rest on ones s -be content with ones successes10. feed /fed/fed (v.)a) (vt.): give food to sb. /sth. on/ with sth. e.g. She is ing her baby with milk. They fed him on biscuits. par. What kind of food do you give to your cat? Dont give food to the monkeys in the zoo.b) (vi.): take as food, live on e.g. Spiders chiefly on insects. Lions, tigers, wolves are carnivores which on other animals.c) phrases: be fed up with/ about: have had too much of sth., be tired of, be discontented e.g. I am fed up with her grumbling. She is very fed up about the mans rude manners. par. The poor little boy had had too much of potatoes, because he had it every day. I am discontented with your complaints. feed sth. back e.g. The information is fed back to the Government department concerned. (n.) a) a meal taken by a baby or an animal e.g. He gave his dog a of bones. The baby has 4 s a day.b) food for animals饲料 e.g. Corn is used as chicken-. I bought a bag of bird-.c) feedback (n.): information, etc (about a product) given by the user to the supplier, maker, etc; response e.g. The company welcomes from people who use the goods it produces.11. abundance abundance: (n.) great, plentya) u e.g. At the feast there was food and drink in . Nowadays many people are living in .b) e.g. She has an of money/ good dresses. There is a great of sunshine here. abundant: (adj.): more than enough, plenty e.g. Mosquitoes are extremely in these dark places. We have proof of his guilt. be in: be rich in par. The trees are in fruits. The land is rich in minerals/ marine products.12. migrant migrant: (n.) one who moves from one place to another, esp. a bird移居者,候鸟e.g. Migrant workers move from country to country in search of well-paid work. (流动劳工) Swallows are s. migrate: (v.) move from one place to another e.g. Wealthy people often in winter to warmer sunnier countries. Swallows with the seasons. migration: (n.) e.g. Scientists have studied the of fish from one part of the ocean to another over long distances. The of swallows takes place every year. migratory: (adj.) having the habit of migrating e.g. Swallows are birds.13. fish: (vi.) to catch fish e.g. Lets go ing in the pond. This river has been ed too much. (fig.) What are you ing for/ around in your pockets? (try to get) in troubled waters: try to gain advantage out of other peoples troubles (浑水摸鱼, 趁火打劫)14. flock (n.) a) number of birds or animals (usu. sheep, goats) of one kind e.g. Did you see a of wild geese this morning? flocks and herds (sheep and cattle)b) crowd of people e.g. Visitors came in s to see the new park. (vi.): gather, come or go together in great numbers e.g. The football fans ed around the famous football player. In the 19th century people ed to the cities where they expected to make their fortune.15. throb (v.): (of the heart, pulse etc) beat, esp. more rapidly than usual跳动,悸动 e.g. My head bed. (I have had a bad headache.) The engine was bing quietly. Her heart was bing violently with excitement/ joy/ anger. (n.): throbbing or vibration e.g. A of pain shot through his head.16. litter: all the newly born young ones of an animal e.g. a of puppies/ kittens ten little pigs at a 17. know/ hear of: be aware of; have information concerning e.g. I know /hear of an excellent little restaurant near here. I dont actually know the man you mention, but of course I know/ hear of him.18. suffer (vt.)a) experience e.g. People in this county are ing severe flood. The old man ed no pain when he died.b) allow; bear e.g. Their parents refused to their bad manners. Ill his rudeness no longer. He could not criticism from his colleague phrase from e.g. He a lot from overwork. The corps ed from frequent blights.19. The roadsides, once so attractive, were now, as though swept by fire.It is an elliptical sentence, an ed participle is used. (when the subject of a when, though clause is the same as that of the main clause)e.g. When the woman was deserted by her husband, she could not bear it. -When deserted by her husband, the woman could not bear it.Though she was scolded by her mother, she was not angry. -Though scolded by her mother, she was not angry.20. raise (vt.) a) lift up; move from a lower place to a higher one e.g. He d his glass and said Cheers. Raise your hands when you have questions to ask.b) cause to rise (increase) e.g. The boss will our pay next week. They have the price by 10%. Martin will be d to the rank of captain.c) bring up for discussion or attention e.g May I a question? Theres one point Id like to for discussion.d) collect together e.g. The vicar has been ing money to get the church repaired.e) bring up (a family), breed (sheep etc.) e.g. The film director was d in New York. The village people in that area at good at ing cattle and corn.f) build (up) e.g. That magnificent castle was d in the 18th century.g) cause, arouse e.g. That discussion had d my great interest/ excitement. The young mans stealthy behavior has d suspicion from the policemen.21. stricken (p.p. of strike): affected or overcome e.g. The whole family was grief /panic /terror-. ( It was overcome by grief) The young patient was with fever/ malaria/ cancer be cancer/ poverty-III. Questions on Text One1. What is a fable?2. Why is this passage called a fable?3. Where did the story take place?4. What was the life like in this town originally?5. What was the town like in spring and autumn?6. What made the travelers delighted?7. What was the countryside famous for?8. What made the first settlers raise their houses, sink their wells and build their barns there?9. What fell on the area?10. What did the strange blight bring about?11. Can you describe the strange stillness?12. Can you describe the condition of the hens, pigs, and the apple trees?13. Were the roadsides places of beauty as before? Whats the change?14. What happened in the gutters under the eaves and between the shingles of