从句总结精华!!.ppt

主语从句与宾语从句 名词性从句之 从句 名词性从句 定语从句 状语从句 主语从句 宾语从句 补语 表语从句 同位语从句 Definition 名词性从句是一种具有名词功能的非独立分句并用陈述句的语序 时态依具体情况而定 引导词 关系代词 that what which who 关系副词 when where whether whywh ever 结构 a that引导的从句b wh 疑问词引导的疑问从句c what或wh ever等关系代词引导的名词性关系从句 that从句做主语时 常用It做形式主语 It be 形容词 that从句 obvious true nature surprising good wonderful etc e g Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam Itisprobablethatshetoldhereverything 主语从句 It be 名词词组 that从句 nowonder anhonour agoodthing apity nosurprise etc e g It sapitythatwecan tgo It snosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame It be 过去分词 that从句 said reported thought expected decided announced arranged etc e g ItissaidthatMr GreenhasarrivedinBeijing ItisdecidedthatthemeetinghasbeenputofftillnextMonday 在口语和非正式文件中that常可以省略 但that位于句句首时 连词that是绝对不可以省略的 e g Thatweareinvitedtoaconcertthiseveningisgoodnewstous 我们被邀请去参见今夜的音乐会 这对我们来说是个好消息 Payattentiontothis wh 引导的疑问从句做主语时 常用it作形式主语e g Itisdoubtfulwhether ifshewillcome 她是否来还是疑问 Itmakesnodifferencewhereweshallhavethemeeting 我们在哪开会都无所谓 Ithasnotbeendecidedyetwhowillpresideatthemeeting 由谁来主持会议 还没有确定 名词性关系从句做主语e g Whattheyneedisagoodtext book Whicheverhelikeswillbegiventohim Whicheverbookheboughtwouldbepaid Whoeverdidthisjobmustberewarded Wewanttostudy Theysaidthattheywantedtostudy Whatdidyourfathersay Youareaclevergirl MyfathersaidIwasaclevergirl Iaminspace Whatdidhesay Hesaidhewasinspace Heaskedwhyyouaresohappy WhyareyousoHappy AmItallerthanyou if whetherhewastallerthanthem Heasked That引导的宾语从句 常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有 see say know imagine discover believe tell show think consider 其中能接复合宾语的动词之后 如think make consider可以用it作形式宾语 宾语从句 e g Shesaidthatweshouldstartoffrightnow 她说我们应该立即出发 Wethinkithighlyprobablethatheisdead 我们想他已经死了 这是非常有可能的 Hemadeitclearthathewillnotgivein 他不会屈服 这一点他已经明确表示了 that从句一般不能充当介词宾语 偶尔可作except in的宾语 e g Heisagoodstudentexceptthatheiscareless 除了粗心大意他是一个好学生 Hedifferedhisclassmatesinthathedevotedhissparetimetoreading 他和他的同学不同的地方在于他把业余时间用在读书上 如果其他介词后面需用that从句作宾语时 必须用it作形式宾语 e g YoumaydependonitthatIshallalwayshelpyou 你可以依靠 我会经常帮助你 Notice wh 疑问从句引导宾语从句 能接wh 疑问从句作直接宾语 see tell ask answer know decide findout imagine suggest doubt wonder show discuss understand inform advise等 How也可引导宾语从句 e g Theycouldn tunderstandwhyIrefused Ican timaginehowhedidit wh 做介词宾语e g Italldependsonhowwesolvetheproblem 这要看我们如何解决问题 Weareworryingaboutwhatweshoulddonext 我们正在为下一步该怎么办而烦恼 名词性关系从句引导宾语 作直接宾语e g I llshowyouwhateveryouwanttosee 我会给你展示你想要看的一切东西 I llgiveyouhowevermuchmoneyyouneed 你需要多少钱我都可以给你 Weshallnotforgetwhenthemeetingwillopen 我们不会忘记开会的时间 作间接宾语e g Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmopen 凡需要帮助的人 他都会给与热情的支持 作介词宾语e g Shewalkeduptowherehestood 她走到他站着的地方 IcanjudgebywhatIknowofhim 我可以根据我对他的了解来判断 句子类型 that 陈述句 一般疑问句 if whether 特殊疑问词 特殊疑问句 引导词whether和if的区别 whether引导主语从句位于句首 if不能够引导主语从句引导宾语从句时 if 从句不能为作介词宾语 if 不可与 ornot 连用 Idon tcarewhetherhedoesn tcome Idon tcarewhetherhecomesornot Idon tcarewhetherornothecomes Idon tcareifhecomesornot Idon tcareifornothecomes 引导词what与that的区别 引导主 宾 表语从句时 what要充当主语 宾语或表语等句子成分 that不作任何成分 而只在语法上起连接作用 e g ThattheformerIraqpresidentSaddamwascapturedhasbeenproved who whoever what whatever等的区别 一般说来 what who等含特指意义whatever whoever等含泛指意义 e g Whoeverwantstoseethisfilmcangowithustonight 无论谁想看这部电影今晚可以和我们一起去 高考快卷 AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace 04上海卷 A whereB whatC thatD how B Itisprettywellunderstood controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday 03上海卷 A thatB whenC whatD how C surprisesmemostisthatshedoesn tevenknowwherethedifferencebetweenthetwolies A WhatB HowC ThatD Which A themeetingwillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet A WheneverB IfC WhetherD That C hedoesn tlikethemisveryclear A WhatB ThatC WhichD Where B weshallmeetnexttimehasnotbeendecidedyet A WhetherandthatB WhenandwhatC WhenandwhereD Whereandif C istruethatthescientistwillgiveusalecturenextweek A ThatB ItC ThisD He B provesthatmyadviceisright A ItwillhappenthatB ThathashappenedC WhathashappenedD Whenithappened C Idon tknow hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears