与环境资源问题有关的词汇.doc

与环境资源问题有关的词汇1. 大气温度类atmosphere大气air quality空气质量atmospheric components大气成分carbon dioxide二氧化碳oxygen氧气air-water interaction空气-水相互作用atmospheric precipitation大气降水evaporation蒸发作用rainfall降雨transpiration蒸腾作用air pollution空气污染air pollutants空气污染物fly ash飞灰haze薄烟smog烟雾agrometeorology农业气象学climatic change气候变化drought干旱greenhouse effect温室效应microclimate effects微气候影响atmospheric composition大气组成atmospheric chemistry大气化学atmospheric particulates大气颗粒物greenhouse gases温室气体ozone layer臭氧层atmospheric circulation大气环流carbon cycle碳循环precipitation enhancement降水增加solar radiation太阳辐射winds风acid rain酸雨chlorofluorocarbons氯氟碳（CFC）fog雾indoor air pollution室内空气污染climatic issues气候问题climate气候climatic zones气候带global warming全球变暖humidity湿度sea level rise海平面上升weather modification人工影响天气solid earth固态地球seismic activity地震活动volcanoes火山2. 土地资源类soils土壤contaminated land污染的土地gravel pits沙坑land carrying capacity土地承载能力land reclamation土地开垦land use classification土地使用分类sand extraction沙石开采soil capabilities土地潜力soil contamination土地污染soil erosion土地侵蚀water erosion水蚀arid lands干旱土地drought control抗旱sand dune fixation山丘固定land values土地价值agricultural production农业生产crop protection作物保护lithosphere岩石圈caves洞穴seismic monitoring地震监测wind erosion风蚀agricultural land农用土地contaminated soil污染的土壤heath land荒地land pollution土地污染land restoration土地恢复marginal lands边缘土地sedimentation沉积soil conservation土壤保持soil degradation土壤退化soil improvement土壤改良arid land ecosystems干旱地区生态系统desertification沙漠化dry farming旱作sand dunes沙丘agricultural pests农业害虫biological control of pests害虫的生物控制infestation of crops作物虫害传染infestation of food粮食虫害传染irrigation canals灌溉渠herbicides除草剂3. 生态环境类semi-arid land ecosystemsforest ecosystems森林生态系统coniferous针叶林forest conversation森林保护grass fires草地火灾indigenous forests本地森林sub-tropical ecosystems亚热带生态系统temperate woodlands温带林地tropical forests热带森林woodland ecosystems林地生态系统temperate ecosystems and cold zone ecosystems Antarctic ecosystems 南极生态系统Arctic ecosystems 北极生态系统cold zone ecosystems 寒带生态系统polar ecosystems 极地生态系统mountain ecosystems 山地生态系统mountaineering登山运动irrigation灌溉natural fertilizers天然肥料pesticides杀虫剂半干旱地区生态系统afforestation植树造林deforestation森林砍伐forest fires森林火灾greenbelts绿化带reafforestation再造林temperate forests温带森林tropical ecosystems热带生态系统tropical forest ecosystems热带森林生态系统温带生态系统和寒带生态系统Antarctic region南极地区Arctic region北极地区grassland ecosystems草地生态系统temperate ecosystems温带生态系统highland ecosystems高原生态系统wetland ecosystems湿地生态系统waterlogged lands水涝地4. 生物类biological diversity and protected areasadaptable species适应性强的物种amphibians两栖动物animal resources动物资源biological resources生物资源birds鸟类conservation of genetic resourcesecological balance生态平衡endangered plant species濒危植物物种hunting捕猎mammals哺乳动物microorganisms微生物national reserves国家保护区primates灵长类protected species受保护的物种weeds杂草wildlife conversation野生生物保护bacteria细菌gene banks基因库viruses病毒biotechnological issues生物技术问题forest management森林管理生物多样性和保护区algae 藻类animal behavior动物习性biological diversity生物多样性biosphere reserves生物保护区botanical gardens植物园基因资源保护endangered animal species濒危动物物种food chain食物链land mammals陆地哺乳动物marine conservation areas海洋保护区national parks国家公园poaching偷猎protected areas保护区vegetation植被wildlife野生生物wildlife habitats野生生物生境fungi真菌microbial resources微生物资源yeasts酵母agricultural biotechnologies农业生物技术biosafety生物安全cloning health-related biotechnologiesreproductive manipulationrecombinant DNA technologyselective breeding of animalsselective breeding of plantsanimal diseases5. 水资源类socio-economic impact of biotechnologiesfreshwater淡水conservation of freshwater淡水保护lakes湖泊river basin development河流流域开发waterside development水边开发snow雪surface waters地表水water resources development水资源开发lake basins湖泊流域freshwater degradation淡水恶化run-off径流water pollution水污染drinking water supply饮用水供应biotechnologies生物技术无性繁殖与健康有关的生物技术繁殖控制重组基因技术动物的选择性繁殖植物的选择性繁殖动物疾病社会经济对生物技术的影响freshwater resources 淡水资源ice冰natural drainage systems自然排水系统watershed management流域管理rivers河流subterranean water地下水water resources conservation水资源保护freshwater ecosystems淡水生态系统river basins河流流域river pollution河流污染seepage渗漏water salination水的盐化drinking water饮用水drinking water treatment饮用水处理sewage treatment plants污水处理厂water treatment水处理sea bed exploitation海地开发marine environment海洋环境marine pollution海洋污染ocean currents洋流ocean temperature海洋温度sea level海平面coastal areas沿海地区coastal environments沿海环境small islands小岛屿fish鱼类fisheries management渔业管理shellfish水生贝类动物resources management资源管理6. 其他词汇mineral resources矿产资源national conservation programsnatural conversation自然保护non-renewable resources不可再生资源petroleum resources conservationrural water supply农村供水water pumps水泵water wells水井sea bed mining海底采矿marine ecosystems海洋生态系统ocean circulation海洋环境oceans海洋red tide赤潮tides潮，潮汐coastal development沿海开发coastal erosion海岸侵蚀living marine resources海洋生物资源fish culture鱼类养殖marine resources conservation海洋资源保护environmental management环境管理natural resources自然资源国家保护计划net resource depletion资源净损耗renewableresources可再生资源石油资源保护resource conservation资源保护utilization of local resourcesdevelopment cooperation发展合作ecodevelopment生态发展economic planning经济计划environmental health impact assessmentenvironmental impact环境影响environmental impact assessmentfinancial assistance财政援助environmental management indicatorsenvironmental quality indicatorspolicy planning政策规划self-help programs自助计划sustainable development可持续发展environmental economic issuesgovernment e