大豆加工油脂项目可行性研究报告.doc

have just finished cutting three cart-loads of golden brownmacaroni stalks. The whole village has been working day and night gathering and threshing this years crop before the September rains. On the right, you can see Mrs Brabante herself. She has been helping her husband for thirty years now. Mrs Brabante is talking to the manager of the local factory where the crop is processed. This last scene shows you what will happen at the end of the harvest : the famous Calabrian macaroni-eating competition ! Signor Fratelli, the present champion, has won it every year since 1961. And that ends our special bulletin for today, Thursday, April 1st. We are now returning you to the studio.Lesson77 A successful operation 一例成功的手术The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation. The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease. The only way to do this was to operate. The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin. The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory. They also found something which the X-ray of the god Duamutef. This god which has the head of a cow was normally placedinside a mummy. The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died. They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened. The mummy successfully survived the operation. Lesson78 The last one? 最后一枝吗？After reading an article entitled Cigarette Smoking and Your Health I lit a cigarette to calm my nerves. I smoked with concentration and pleasure as I was sure that this would be my last cigarette. For a whole week I did not smoke at all and during this time, my wife suffered terribly. I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking: a bad temper and an enormous appetite. My friends kept on offering me cigarettes and cigars. They made no effort to hide their amusement whenever I produced a packet of sweets from my pocket. After seven days of this I went to a party. Everybody around me was smoking and I felt extremely uncomfortable. When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was more than I could bear. I took one guiltily, lit it and smoked with satisfaction. My wife was delighted that things had returned to normal once more. Anyway, as Brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up smoking. He himself has done it lots of times! Lesson79 By air 乘飞机I used to travel by air a great deal when I was a boy. My parents, used to live in South America and I used to fly there from Europe in the holidays. An airhostess would take charge of me and I never had an unpleasant experience. I am used to travelling by air and only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened. After taking off, we were flying low over the city and slowly gaining height, when the plane suddenly turned round and flew back to the airport. While we were waiting to land, an air-hostess told us to keep calm and to get off the plane quietly as soon as it had touched down. Everybody on board was worried and we were curious to find out what had happened. Later we learnt that there was a very important person on board. The police had been told that a bomb had been planted on the plane. After we had landed, the plane was searched thoroughly. Fortunately, nothing was found and five hours later we were able to take off again.Lesson80 The Crystal Palace 水晶宫Perhaps the most extraordinary building of the nineteenth century was the Crystal Palace, which was built in Hyde Park for the Great Exhibition of 1851. The Crystal Palace was different from all other buildings in the world, for it was made of iron and glass. It was one of the biggest buildings of all time and a lot of people from many countries came to see it. A great many goods were sent to the exhibition from various parts of the world. There was also a great deal of machinery on display. The most wonderful piece of machinery on show was Nasmyths steam hammer. Though in those days, travelling was not as easy as it is today, steam boats carried thousands of visitors across the Channel from Europe. On arriving in England, they were taken to the Crystal Palace by train. There were six million visitors in all, and the profits from the exhibition were used to build museums and colleges. Later, the Crystal Palace was moved to South London. It remained one of the most famous buildings in the world until it was burnt down in 1936.Lesson81 Escape 脱逃When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes. Working rapidly in the darkness, he soon changed into the dead mans clothes. Now, dressed in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder, the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp. He could hear shouting in the camp itself. Lights were blazing and men were running here and there: they had just discovered that a prisoner had escaped. At that moment, a large black car with four officers inside it, stopped at the camp gates. The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and saluted as they passed. When they had gone, the driver of the car came towards him. The man obviously wanted to talk. He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes. The prisoner felt sorry for him, but there was nothing else he could do. As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow. Then, jumping into the car, he drove off as quickly as he could. Lesson82 Monster or fish? 是妖还是鱼？Fishermen and sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea. Though people have often laughed at stories told by seamen, it is now known that many of these monsters which have at times been sighted are simply strange fish. Occasionally, unusual creatures are washed to the shore, but they are rarely caught out at sea. Some time ago, however, a peculiar fish was caught near Madagascar. A small fishing-boat was carried miles out to sea by the powerful fish as it pulled on the line. Realizing that this was no ordinary fish, the fisherman made every effort not to damage it in any way. When it was eventually brought to shore, it was found to be over thirteen feet long. It had a head like a horse, big blue eyes, shining silver skin, and a bright red tail, The fish, which has since been sent to a museum where it is being examined by a scientist, is called an oarfish. Such creatures have rarely been seen alive by man as they live at a depth of six hundred feet.Lesson83 After the elections 大选之后The former Prime Minister, Mr Wentworth Lane, was defeated in the recent elections. He is now retiring from political life and has gone abroad. My friend, Crawley, has always been a fanatical opponent of Mr Lanes Radical Progressive Party. After the elections, Crawley went to the former Prime Ministers house. When he asked if Mr Lane lived there, the policeman on duty told him that since his defeat, the ex-Prime Minister had gone abroad. On the following day, Crawley went to the house again. The same policeman was just walking slowly past the entrance, when Crawley asked the same question. Though a little suspicious this time, the policeman gave him the same answer. The day after, Crawley went to the house once more and asked exactly the same question. This time, the policeman lost his temper. I told you yesterday and the day before yesterday, he shouted, Mr Lane was defeated in the elections. He has retired from political life and gone to live abroad ! I know, answered Crawley, but I love to hear you say it ! Lesson84 On strike 罢工Busmen have decided to go on strike next week. The strike is due to begin on Tuesday. No one knows how long it will last. The busmen have stated that the strike will continue until general agreement is reached about pay and working conditions. Most people believe that the strike will last for at least a week. Many owners of private cars are going to offer free rides to people on their way to work. This will relieve pressure on the trains to some extent. Meanwhile, a number of university students have volunteered to drive buses while the strike lasts. All the young men are expert drivers, but before they drive any of the buses, they will have to pass a special test. The students are going to take the test in two days time. Even so, people are going to find it difficult to get to work. But so far, the public has expressed its gratitude to the students in letters to the Press. Only one or two people have objected that the students will drive too fast!Lesson85 Never too old to learn 活到老学到老I have just received a letter from my old school informing me that my former head- master, Mr Regmald Page, will be retiring next week. Pupils of the school, old and new, will be sending him a present to mark the occasion. All those who have contributed towards the gift will sign their names in a large album which will be sent to the headmasters home. We shall all remember Mr Page for his patience and understanding and for the kindly encouragement he gave us when we went so unwillingly to school. A great many former pupils will be attending a farewell dinner in his honour next Thursday. It is a curious coincidence that the day before his retirement, Mr Page will have been teaching for a total of forty years. After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening. For him, this will be an entirely new hobby. But this does not matter, for, as he has often remarked, one is never too old to learn. Lesson86 Out of control 失控As the man tried to swing the speed-boat round, the steering-wheel came away in his hands. He waved desperately to his companion, who had been water-skiing for the last fifteen minutes. Both men had hardly had time to realize what was happening when they were thrown violent1y into the sea. The speed-boat had struck a buoy, but it continued to move very quickly across the water. Both men had just begun to swim towards the shore. when they noticed with dismay that the speed-boat was moving in a circle. It now came straight towards them at tremendous speed. In less than a minute, it roared past them only a few feet away. After it had passed, they swam on as quickly as they could because they knew that the boat would soon return. They had just had enough time to swim out of danger when the boat again completed a circle. On this occasion, however, it had slowed down considerably. The petrol had nearly all been used up. Before long, the noise dropped completely and the boat began to drift gently across the water.Lesson87 A perfect alibi 极好的不在犯罪现场的证据At the time the murder was committed, I was travelling on the 8.0 oclock train to London, said the man.Do you always catch such an early train ? asked the inspector.Of course I do, answered the man. I must be at work at 10.0 oclock. My employer will confirm that I was there on time. Would a later train get you to work on time ? asked the inspector. I suppose it would, but I never catch a later train.At what time did you arrive at the station ?At ten to eight. I bought a paper and waited for the train.And you didnt notice anything unusual ? Of course not.I suggest, said the inspector, that you are not telling the truth. I suggest that you did not catch the 8.0 oclock train, but that you caught the 8.25 which would still get you to work on time. You see, on the morning of the murder, the 8.0 oclock train did not run at all. It broke down at Ferngreen station and was taken off the line.Lesson88 Trapped in a mine 困在矿井里Six men have been trapped in a mine for seventeen hours. If they are not brought to the surface soon they may lose their lives. However, rescue operations are proving difficult. If explosives are used, vibrations will cause the roof of the mine to collapse. Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine. They intend to bring the men up in a special capsule. If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed the job in a few hours. As it is, they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way to go. Meanwhile, a microphone, which was lowered into the mine two hours ago, has enabled the men to keep in touch with the closest relatives. Though they are running out of food and drink, the men are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon. They have been told that rescue operations are progressing smoothly. If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock, they would lose heart. Lesson89 A slip of the tongue 口误People will do anything to see a free show-even if it is a bad one. When the news got round that a variety show would be presented at our local cinema by the P. and U. Bird Seed Company, we all rushed to see it. We had to queue for hours to get in and there must have been several hundred people present just be- fore the show began. Unfortunately, the show was one of the dullest we have ever seen. Those who failed to get in need not have felt disappointed as many of the artistes who should have appeared did not大豆加工油生产加工项目可行性研究报告 【联系人】：杨刚010-52785534） 【完成时间】：2-3工作日 【报告格式】：精装印刷版电子版 【交付方式】 特快专递EMS 【出品单位】：北京中投信德 【报告价格】：面议第一章 概述第一节 项目提出的背景和意义 随着我国人口的增长和人民生活水平的不断提高，食用植物油脂的消费量越来越大，特别是进入九十年代以来，对食用油脂的质量也提出了更高的要求，食用植物油与人体健康的关系也普遍受到了人们的关注，对高级烹调油、一级油的需求越来越大。按照国务院批准的九十年代中国应达到1040万吨，年人均消费食用植物油将达到8公斤按照八届人大第2010年远景目标纲要要求，我国年食用植物油需求总量将达到1120万吨，人均约9公斤，而目前我国人均消费仅7公斤。与此同时，随着行业用煎炸油、起酥油、人造奶油等食品专用油脂需求的逐年增加，精炼植物油及其制品有着非常广阔的发展前景。1-1项目名称100万吨大豆加工油脂项目。1- 2项目背景为适应国内油料市场的变化，随着国内、国外油脂工业以规模效益为显著特征的发展趋势及国内豆粕、食用油紧缺的现状，丹东帕斯特谷物有限公司拟在丹东大东港区内投资兴建年处理100万吨大豆油脂加工企业。1- 3项目内容 主要从事大豆预处理、浸出、精炼及相关新产品生产、销售、经营。1-4项目研究范围本报告仅就本项目，根据国内油脂行业的基本状况，着重对大豆的供应状况，产品销售预测、交通运输、自然条件、工程设计方案、环境影响、基本建设投资、经济效益、社会效益等方面进行研究，为本项目决策提供技术、经济基本依据。第二节 企业概况1-5丹东帕斯特谷物有限公司是按照现代企业制度建立的有限责任公司，建立了一套完整的企业生产经营和管理制度，实行董事会领导下的经理负责制，公司实力雄厚，经营范围广泛。为了增强企业持续发展能力和市场竞争能力,拟在丹东大东港区建设油脂加工企业，以便更好的服务于中国市场。 第三节 研究结果概要1-6本项目选址丹东大东港区，具有得天独厚的地理优势，交通便捷，并具有生产规模大、技术含量高、生产成本低，投资成本低，投资效益好等特点。1- 7本项目建成后，年总运输量达210万吨，其中：原料运进100万吨，辅助材料等10万吨，成品油、豆粕运出100万吨，平均日吞量为6000吨，这将极大地带动港口和运输服务业的繁荣，为振兴丹东经济，发展港口城市起较大的促进作用。1- 8本项目投资60000万元，其中固定资产20000万元，流动资金40000万元，建成投产后年产值55亿，年创利税16670万元，净利10000万元。预计5年可收回全部投资。1-9本项目投产后，在与国内外同行业的竞争中会立于不败之地，前景广阔，具有较好的经济效益和社会效益，本项目是可行的。 第二章 市场需求与拟建规模第一节 市场现状与预测行业现状分析2-1油脂加工在我国是关系国计民生的传统工业，过去以建设小型油厂为主，但由于这些厂设备简陋、工艺落后、产品质次价高、无法满足市场需求，加上多年来受进口油、粕和“走私”的冲击，目前大部分油厂已关停并转。 进入90年代，全国各地陆续投产了一些较大型油脂加工厂，但到目前为止，真正建成投产的日加工能力在1000吨以上的厂不过十几家，其产量与需求还有很大差距。目前市场对油脂、豆粕的需求量很大，而内陆的一些油脂加工厂由于受运输、生产规模条件的制约，无法满足市场的需求，我公司根据这一实际情况，顺应市场形势，参与规模化、国际化的市场竞争，前景非常乐观。2-2原料市场分析 大豆为我国主要的油料作物，从很大程度上影响着油脂原料市场的走向，从生产方面看，我国大豆在1994年达到创纪录的1600万吨后，1995年和 1996年在种植面积和产量方面均有下滑。1999年总产量为1500万吨，2000年大豆种植面积虽有相当大的扩大，但上半年北方和东北出现严重干旱，大豆的生长受到严重影响，官方预计全国大豆产量2000年将不会超过1999年的水平。国际上大豆的主要生产国为美国、巴西等国家，单就美国l998/99年度大豆的产量就达到7688万吨。根据这两年粮食持续丰收,小麦、玉米等的比较利益下降，大豆比较利益上升的情况，估计今后大豆生产将逐步得到恢复发展。为了弥补国内短缺，近几年来我国大量进口大豆和油菜籽以供国内制油业，在1997/98; 199899、19992000年度，我国进口的大豆量分别为290万吨、390万吨、500万吨，进口的菜籽量分别为30万吨、250万吨、390万吨，同时减少了成品油的进口量。由于我国在进口战略上的重大变化，即将由进口产品改为进口原料，这将使制油的加工量加大。2-3产品市场分析 中国是植物油消费大国，由于人口的增长和人民生活水平的提高，中国的油脂需求将继续增长。随着经济水平的提高，在食用油消费中，人们食用植物油的比例逐渐增加而食用动物油的比例逐渐减少；在食用植物油中，二级油的比例逐渐减少，精炼植物油和一级油的比例逐渐增加，因此对于植物油脂的需求必将稳步增长。展望今后几年，我国市场植物油消费将呈逐年递增趋势。豆油缺口将在200万吨以上。目前我国人均植物油消费量只有7公斤，远远低于发达国家人均25公斤的水平，我国是十二亿人口的大国，可见豆油市场前景广阔、潜力巨大。我国是世界四大豆粕主产国之一,由于改革开放,人民生活水平日益提高，饲养业和饲料加工业发展迅速，豆粕需求一直呈上升趋势。我国从1994/95年度前的豆粕出口国转变为1995/1996年度后的进口国，近年来，我国豆粕进口量己占全球首位。根据我国1994一2000年全国饲料工业发展纲要规划到本世纪末，配混合饲料生产能力将达到1-1.2亿吨，每年需蛋白饲料原料2000-2400万吨，目前能用于配合饲料中的蛋白原料只有1000万吨左右，远远满足不了饲料工业的需要。我国己成为仅次于美国的世界第二大饲料生产国，由此可见，本项目的建成投产，豆粕销售方面将有很好的前景。2- 4副产品市场分析 大豆磷脂产品：主要有浓缩磷脂、粉未磷脂、改性磷脂以及用于医药保健的卵磷脂等。磷脂作为保健食品，越来越引起社会的普遍关注，目前已明确磷脂对动脉硬化、高血脂、肝功能障碍方面有一定的疗效。因此磷脂系列产品作为保健用品，市场前景十分乐观。 大豆脱臭馏出物是制取维生素E和植物甾醇的原料，是一种很有价值的副产品，维生素E具有抑制体内过氧化脂质和活性氧的产生，因此能抑制癌的发生，大豆脱臭馏出物每吨2000美元。这些情况表明，天然维生素E作为保健食品已引起人们的关注并会很快发展。 第二节建设规模根据生产的需要，拟建的各工程生产规模确定如下（按3000t/d大豆配置）：原料接收、工作塔：3000t/d；预处理车间：3000t/d；浸出车间：3000t/d；炼油车间：（脱胶、碱炼）：600 t/d； 主要产品：大豆油、大豆粕；全年生产日：330天,年处理大豆为100万吨，年产豆粕80万吨；精炼油：19万吨。 第三章 原辅料、燃料及水电供应3-I原料油脂加工厂需要原料主要是大豆，国内大豆生产主要集中在我国东北地区，其中黑龙江省所产大豆最为著名，该地区土地肥沃、日照充足、气温寒风，最适合大豆生长，其产油率达到16-17，产量200万吨，居全国之首，保证了对国内市场的长期供应。 国际大豆主产在南美、美国，仅美国大豆年产量就达8000万吨，含油量达19-20，居世界首位，美国一直是我国进口大豆的出口国，我国己加入WTO ，这种趋势将进一步扩大。此外，国家在关税上鼓励进口大豆在国内加工，因此从国际市场进口原料也是相当有保障的。 丹东港区交通便利，项目建成后，大豆可以从东北地区调进，也可以依靠进口。由于本公司己与国内外众多供应商有较多的业务往来，原料供应足以保证。3- 2辅助材料 本项目辅助材料主要是磷酸、烧碱、六号溶剂等，市场供应充足，可满足项目投产后的需要。3-3燃料供应 本项目投资后，燃料拟选用燃煤，预计全年耗燃煤30000吨，可由市场采购解决。3-4水电供应该项目建成后，需总动力约8000KW（含备用设备），东北电力资源丰富，电力可满足项目建成后的需求。项目建成后，每日约需生产用水2000吨，其中主要水负荷浸出车间和炼油车间，在设计中采用循环供水系统，以节约用水。 第四章 工艺设计第一节 初清车间及立筒仓4-1规模及原料 本工段为每天24小时工作，投料量为125t/h也可根据来料和仓储情况进行调节，筒仓采用钢结构仓，储料量按45000吨设计，每仓15000吨，共3个，采用单排布置，便于物料的输送。4-2原料：国产大豆以国家标准（G B 8611-88)作为设计计算依据。进口大豆以美国二号大豆作为设计计算依据。4-3产品方案：本车间产品为除去粗杂的大豆。主要技术经济指标，本工段生产过程不需要水和蒸气、电耗为1.32KWt/h料。4-4工艺流程说明：原料由汽车或运输机械送至卸粮处投料，经刮板输送入斗升机，提升后再经刮板机输送机送入初清筛除杂。除去粗杂的原料经刮板输送机和斗升机提升后，分别送入3个立筒仓贮存。第二节预处理车间 本车间采用连续生产方式，主要用于大豆的预处理，考虑目前采购原料中土杂较多和现代工业的环保要求，在本工段配有较强能力的除尘系统，以满足生产的需要。4-5规模：能力为处理大豆3000吨，全年生产天数为330天，每年可处理大豆100万吨4-6产品方案：本车间生产半成品大豆坯，含水10%，坯片厚0.3mm。4-7主要技术经济指标：水耗：l0kg/t大豆；电耗：14.lkm/t大豆；汽耗:80kg/t大豆。4-8工艺流程说明：由输送设备送入车间的大豆经计量后自流入暂存箱。然后经提升流入清理筛，在此清理出大、小杂质及灰杂，再去除铁杂，经去石机去石得到初清后的大豆。 大豆初清后落入破碎机将大豆破碎成四至八瓣，然后经斗升机提升送入软化机进行软化，而后轧坯，坯片由刮板输送机和提升机送至浸出车间。 第三节浸出车间 本车间采用负压蒸发，二