新编大学英语1Unit2教案.doc

Unit 2 Psychology in Our Daily LifeI. Teaching aims: 1. to do some preparation activities such as discussion, group work, etc. to practice the students spoken skill and communicative skills;2. to grasp some new words and try to use these words which help them enrich their vocabulary; 3. to discuss psychology in our daily life 4. to do some post-reading exercises and some after-class reading to practice what they have got to know in class to improve their English comprehensive skills.II. key points: 1. to learn the way to describe ones attitude towards life;2. talk about your psychology in your daily lifeIII. difficult points: 1. to paraphrase some difficult sentences and catch their meaning.2. to grasp some useful words and phrases to describe ones psychology in daily life.IV. teaching procedures: 1. preparation:i. Piggy psychology Sketching a pig can be a useful analytical tool to explore your psychological state. All you need is a blank piece of paper and a pen or pencil. Now, draw your pig. Interpret your results: Analysis: Near the top of the paper, you are a positive person. Near the middle, you are a realist. Near the bottom, you are pessimist. Facing left, you believe in tradition. You are friendly, and you remember dates (birthday, etc) easily. Facing right, you are innovative and active. But you do not have a strong sense of family, nor do you remember dates. Facing forward (looking at you), you are direct. You enjoy playing devils advocate and neither fear nor avoid discussion. Also, the size of the ears indicates how good a listener you are. The bigger the ears, the better the listener.With many details, you are analytical, cautious, and distrustful. With few details, you are emotional and nave. You care little for details and are a risk-taker.With less than four legs showing, you are insecure. You are living through a period of major change. With four legs showing, you are secure, stubborn and stick to your ideals.ii. What is psychology? Psychology, the scientific study of behavior and the mind. This definition contains three elements. The first is that psychology is a scientific enterprise that obtains knowledge through systematic and objective methods of observation and experimentation. Second is that psychologists study behavior, which refers to any action or reaction that can be measured or observedsuch as the blink of an eye, an increase in heart rate, or the unruly violence that often erupts in a mob. Third is that psychologists study the mind, which refers to both conscious and unconscious mental states. These states cannot actually be seen, only inferred from observable behavior.iii. Describe the Pictures More Useful Words and Phrases for Your Reference:Picture One: cancer, black cloud, drooping(沮丧的，消沉的), patient, bend forward, dark suit, test report, look sad, suffer from, be in bad mood (情绪不佳) Picture Two: prescribe, lie in bed, a lot of pills（大量药丸）, write a will（遗嘱）, depressed (抑郁的)， die of，the end of the world（世界末日） Picture Three: sunny, birds singing, trees and flowers upright, make a mistake, cant believe ones eyes, look happy Picture Four: shining sun, trees bearing fruits, at a brisk (轻快的) pace, tennis racket, tennis court, energetic, whistle (吹口哨), be in high spirits（情绪高涨） Describe the picture one: The patient is coming out of the hospital, carrying a test report with a word “cancer” in his hands.He has had a series of tests . He looks very sad, feeling the clouds over his head black,the flowers and the trees withering. Describe the picture two: The man put all kinds of medicine his doctor has prescribed on the table beside the bed. He is so depressed that he has written his will which is on the table right now. Lying in bed, he is waiting for his death.Describe picture three: The man appears extremely happy, for the doctor has told him that he does not have cancer after all. And the report he is carrying has an “X” through the word “Cancer”. The man now feels the sun is shining, the flowers and the trees dancing and smiling, and the birds joyfully singing. Describe picture four: The sun is shining, the trees are full of fruit and the hospital and the cancer has disappeared in the mans life. He takes a racket and heads off to play tennis, whistling and singing. He appears healthy and energetic again. iv. A Story of a Chinese Idiom The following silent flash movie is about a Chinese idiom. Try to tell the story after seeing the movie. And say what psychological state the story tells us.An Illusory Snake in a Goblet Yue made his friend sit where he used to, pouring a goblet of alcohol for him, and asked him if there was any snake reflection in the goblet. There was still a “snake reflection” in the goblet! Then Yue casually took away the bow hanging on the wall. This time, the “snake reflection” disappeared. “So it was the bow reflection that was in the goblet!” His friend at once got well from his illness. “An illusory snake in a goblet” is used to describe the psychological state of being frightened caused by taking illusions as reality. v. The following are some adjectives related to the field of psychology or emotion. Choose a word and write a ONE SENTENCE STORY to describe an experience that illustrates the adjectives chosen. Sample: A crazy thing I did was to go swimming, naked, in my neighbors pool. The most embarrassing thing I did was to talk about the teacher when she was standing behind me! Here are some adjectives for your references, and you can add more: shocking, embarrassing, funny, happy,crazy, wonderful, ridiculous, terrible, comfortable, furious, panic, upset, angry, sad, disappointed, etc. 2. listeningi. Listening Psychology of ClothesIdentification: Based on what you hear on the tape, match the person in Column I with the way one is dressed in Column II.Column I Column IIc 1. A man feeling insecurity a. in warmer clothesd 2. A person of minority origin b. in bright redsa 3. A homesick student c. over-dressing in warm clothese 4. A young executive d. unconventionallyb 5. A sociable and outgoing person e. in dark blue suittapescript: “Can you give any other examples of this kind?” “Yes. I think people who are sociable an outgoing tend to dress in an extrovert way, preferring brighter or more dazzling colors yellows, bright reds, and so on. In the same way, often, minority groups, who have perhaps failed to persuade with words, tend to express themselves by wearing unconventional, or what some might consider outrageous clothing. And that in a recent survey it was suggested that employers prefer young executives to stick to grey, black and dark blue suits if they are men.”2. Video ClipDiscussion Questions:1) What is the root of the new director (Peck)s psychological problem?2) Has this ever happened to you that some of your former experiences greatly influence your later behaviors psychologically?3. reading-centered activitiesi. open questions:1) Can you offer the reasons why placebos do not always work?The success of the placebo treatment seems to depend a lot on the relationship between the doctor and the patient. If the patient trusts the doctor very much and if the doctor is actually expected to help the patient, then the placebo is more likely to work.2) What are the bad effects of a placebo? If patients expect a bad reaction to medicine, then they will show a bad reaction to the placebo as well. This would seem to show that a lot of how you react to medicine is in your mind instead of in you body. ii. words and phrases:bleed: to lose blood; to feel sympathetic grief 同情或悲痛： My heart bleeds for the victims of the air crash. My heart bleeds for those poor children. blood bleed food feed capsule: a small soluble container, usually made of gelatin, that encloses a dose of an oral medicine or a vitamin 胶囊; a space capsule 宇宙飞船座舱: cap-, capt-: take hold 拿，抓 capture, escape, occupation, captive pill 药丸 tablet 药片 capsule 胶囊 heel: to restore to health or soundness; to become whole and sound; return to health: 治愈外伤 (wound, cut, injury, burn, etc.) heal sb. of The wound on my arm has healed. The disagreement among the family members healed over with time. Compare with cure, treat treat: to give medical aid to (someone) 指接受某人为病人并为其治疗。 The doctor treats many patients in the emergency room. cure: to effect a recovery from; to remove 治愈好内科疾病。cure sb. of E.g. His cough was nearly cured.heal与whole同源，原义就是使身体“完整无缺”(whole)，于是又有wholesomehealth。请选择 “cure”, “heal”或 “treat”的适当形式填空。Penicillin cured him of pneumonia (肺炎). The cut in her leg has _ healed completely, without leaving a scar.She is being treated with a new drug.What cant be cured must be endured. That wound will soon heal if she keeps it clean.The doctors wish to treat her illness successfully. Exercises:(1). It will take months for his fractured leg to _. A. heal B.recover C.cure D.treat (2). It was long time before the cut on my finger _completely. A.healed B. improved C.cured D.treated (3). If I take this medicine twice a day it should _ my cold. A.heal B.cure C.treat D.recover (4) No doctors could cure the patient _ his strange disease. A.with B.of C. from D.off The keys to the exercises: (1) A (2) A (3) B (4)Blikely: possessing or displaying the qualities or characteristics that make something probable; apt to achieve success or yield a desired outcome; promising: 有希望的 They are likely to become angry with him. The train is likely to be late. Compare with possible and probable Possible indicates that something may happen, exist, be true, or be realizable: 可能发生的，可能存在的 I think it possible that you may be wrong. Probable: likely to happen or to be true: 可能发生的或成为事实的： A storm is probable today. It is probable that he has forgotten our appointment. It is possible but not probable that it will rain before evening. 傍晚前可能下雨，但不见得回家。 It is likely to rain.天像要下雨了。 placebo: 安慰剂（无药效，仅为一些自己以为生病的人所开） plac = calm sooth安慰，镇定 placid 平静的 placatory 安抚的 prescribe: to order a medicine or other treatment; to set down as a rule or guide 指定，规定 scrib: 描写，记录 describe inscription manuscript 医生止疼片 (painkiller) I have been prescribed some painkillers by the doctor. 老中医 (senior herbalist doctor) 针灸治疗(needle therapy) That senior herbalist doctor prescribed needle therapy for him. prescription: Many medical experts regard prescription as a kind of intellectual property that should also be legally protected. 很多医学专家把药方也看作是一种应该受到法律保护的知识产品。 那张药方中包含着几种名贵的草药(herbal medicine)。 That prescription contains several kinds of precious herbal medicine. rate: aquantity measured with respect to another measured quantity: 比率 a proportion: 比例 the mortality rate; a tax rate；interest rate利率；rate of exchange at any rate: whatever the case may be.无论如何 At any rate I will not give up. at this rate: 照这样下去 At this rate, the company will suffer great losses. reassurance: n. help or advice that makes you feel less worried or frightened about a problem 安慰；保证 她的支持者们给予她的安慰也无法让她直面无缘2008年北京奥运会的现实。The reassurance from her supporters could not take her out of the fact that she had already lost the opportunity to take part in the 2008 Beijing Olympics. 请选择 “assure”或 “ensure”的适当形式填空。Before going to bed she assured _ herself that all the doors and windows were locked.This medicine will ensure you a good nights sleep. I cannot ensure that he will be there in time. He assured me of his readiness to help.assure 强调让某人深信某事，后可接that从句以及of短语。ensure是“确保”的意思。同assure 一样，其后可接that从句。且从句中的谓语动词多用现在时态。 react: To act in response to or under the influence of a stimulus or prompting:反应，作出反应; 起化学作用How did your mother react to the news? She reacted by getting very angry.An acid can react with a base to form a salt.reaction: a response to a stimulus 反应 a reverse or opposing action 反动：相反的，互逆的行动act action react reaction interact interactionrelationship: relate relation relative relativitycompare with relation:When used of people, suggests a close connection with strong feeling: her relationship with her husband. Both relationship and relation can be used of things that depend on each other: the relationship/ relation between temperature and humidity. Relations can be used of a more formal or distant relationship between people and group: the local community has good relations with the police.relief: the easing of a burden or distress, such as pain, anxiety, or oppression.减缓：缓解负担或忧虑 地震造成的损失很小，这使我们大感宽慰。 To our great relief, the earthquake caused little damage. 听轻音乐缓解了他在考试前的巨大压力。Listening to light music gave relief to his great pressure before the examination. on relief: receiving public assistance because of need or poverty.接受公共救济的believe beliefrelieve reliefgrieve griefrelieve 知道了他在那起严重的车祸中幸免遇难的真相后让他的焦急的亲人们感到宽慰。Knowing the truth that he was still alive in that serious road accident relieved his anxious relatives. role: a character or part played by a performer; a function or positionplay a role in, 在。中发挥作用，扮演角色play a leading/important/supporting role inseasickness: sick晕，想念seasick airsick carsick homesick lovesickswear: to make a solemn promise发誓：严肃地许诺 swear作发誓讲，常用于短语swear to， 断言，肯定I swore to having met that man somewhere. 我肯定曾在哪儿见过那人。 swear by 对发誓，swear by God 对着上帝发誓swear做咒骂讲，常用于短语：swear at sb.咒骂某人swear后面也接that引导的宾语从句。as a result: as a result of result in: to end in a particular way: 后果，终结 The accident resulted in three people being killed.fool somebody into doing somethingIn humorous cartoon movie “Tom & Jerry”, the poor cat is always fooled into doing all kinds of stupid things by the clever mouse.（总是受到那只聪明的老鼠的愚弄去做各种蠢事） No one will be fooled into believing that comedian Pan Changjiang can become a NBA player.（没有人会笨到去相信） 类似“fool somebody into doing something” 的形式短语有: persuade somebody into doing something, dissuade somebody from doing something cheat somebody into doing something, deceive somebody into doing something, frighten somebody into doing something, trick somebody into doing something, trap somebody into doing something, coax somebody into doing something, shame somebody into doing something, lure somebody into doing something, 等。e.g. He persuade her into going to the party.He cheated her into believing him a wealthy man.The sound of the door closing deceived me into believing that they had gone out.He was a bully. He tried to frighten people into doing what he wanted. His family tricked him into going Pakistan, and once he was there, they took away his passport.Were you just trying to trap her into making some admission?After lunch, she watched, listened and coaxed Bobby into talking about himself.The travel brochure lured me into taking a Caribbean vacation. The number of the people out of work has shamed the government into taking action to prevent further job losses.in a way: to a certain extentIn 2004, singer Dao Langs popularity came out of the blue, which is a normal entertainment phenomenon in a way. 在2004年，歌手刀郎的快速走红从某种意义上说是一种正常的娱乐现象。 Stephen Chows (Zhou Xingchi) silly comedies also contain abundant philosophy in a way .从某种程度上说周星驰的无厘头喜剧中也蕴含着丰富的哲理。in the way: in a position to obstruct, hinder, or interfere.处在阻碍、阻挡或干涉的位置上on ones way: in the process of coming, going, or traveling: 在去。的路上 She is on her way out the door.on the way: On the route of a journey:在路上：在旅程的路途中 Winter is on the way.in this way: 这样 Only in this way can we reach there in time.rest with: lie with 要由她来做决定。 It rests with her to decide (The decision rests with her). Whether Chinese homemade movies can win the Oscar or not rests with many factors. 中国的国产电影是否能够赢得奥斯卡取决于很多因素。The popularity of such online songs as “Mice Love Rice” rests with netizens recognition and support. 象老鼠爱大米这样的网络歌曲的流行取决于网民们(netizens)的认可和支持。iii. understanding the text1. Reading comprehension: The organization of the text1) Introduction (Para. 1-2) The term placebo is introduced to the reader.2) The study of the placebo ( Para. 3-7) A. One explanation: The placebo works because the human mind fools itself. B. The other explanation: The placebo makes the wish to get better become reality. C. The most powerful placebo of all: The doctor.Supporting evidence: First group (led by a doctor): 70 percent of the people got better. Second group ( led by a nurse): Only 25 percent of the people got better.3). Different cases in which a placebo may work. ( Par. 8-9) The placebo has been found to work with seasickness, coughs, colds, and pain after operation. Supporting evidence: The first group were given nothing at all. Result: The first group showed no changes from the way old people in that village had always been. The second group were given a placebo. Result: The second group had much better health and a lower death rate.The third group were given a real drug which was said to be able tohelp with the problems of old age.4) Two opposite attitudes towards the use of placebo. ( Para. 10-11) Som