thepresentperfecttense.doc

现在完成时I . 教材分析现在完成时是JEFC BIII Unit1-Unit3的语法教学内容，是初中英语语法的重点和难点，也是中考的重要考点之一。这种时态涉及的中考题型多样化，例如：完形填空、单项选择、时态填空等，尤其在“时态填空”题型中，它有一定的连贯性和隐蔽性。语感不够强或知识掌握不牢固的学生要在此题型中游刃有余并非易事。II 、学生分析： 初中生最终要面临中考，从平时考试成绩及泉州市英语普查成绩看，学生对“现在完成时”的应用还欠灵活，经常与一般过去时及被动语态混淆起来。这对高中阶段出现的更深、更广的各种时态的学习不利，也阻碍了学生阅读、作文等综合能力的培养。III、设计理念鉴于以上原因，本节课准备对“现在完成时”进行全面复习，通过比较、分析、归纳、总结、操练等教学手段，使学生在复习中了解“现在完成时”与别的知识点的有机联系，以求在中考中达到触类旁通、举一反三之功效。IV、教学目标：1、使学生掌握“现在完成时”的有关知识：概念、形式和用法等。2、使学生理清：“现在完成时与“一般过去时”的区别。3、培养学生的综合应用能力。V、教学流程：StepI Duty reportS:I am on duty today. Today is Manday . Octover6 ,2004. Everyone is here. It is very sunny.StepII Review“The Present Perfect Tense”1、 Concept 现在完成时表示过去的某一个动作或存在的状态对现在造成的影响或结果，也可以表示过去的某一个动作一直延续到现在（包括现在在内），甚至能继续持续下去。2、 Composition:助动词have/has+V(过去分词)3、 Using(1).already ,just ,yet ,before ,ever ,never ,once ,twice.l I have _finished my homework.l She has never been to Shanghai ,_he?(2).since ,for ,so far ,up to now ,ever since ,since then , all ones life(How long)l 常见的持续性动词；wait live learn study stay teach know wear keep have(has had) bel 常见的结束性动词come( arrive / go / reach) have/has been( in /at) die been deadleave been awayjoin been in/ aborrow keptcatch(buy) hadbegin been 0nenter been in fall asleep been asleepget up been upopen been open Judge right(A) 0r wrong(B) ( )1、The shop has opened for five months .( )2、He has entered the classroom for an hour .He has been infor an hour .It is/has been an hour since he enteredAn hour has passed/gone since he enteredSaying: He has been dead for several years.StepIII Compare(1) She has closed the window .(强调影响)She closed the window .(强调动作)(2)He has worked in China for 4 years .(仍在中国) He worked in China for 4 years .(工作过，现已不在中国)l Saying: He will work in China for 4 years .*归纳总结：现在完成时与一般过在时的区别：（1） 两者都可表示过去发生的动作，但前者表示这一过去动作对现在仍有影响，而后者表示过去动作这一事实，它与现在没有关系。例如（上面例子1）（2） 两者都表示从过去开始并持续了一段时间的动作，但前者表示该动作一直持续到现在，并且可能继续下去；后者表示动作早已结束。例如上例2* Training :(1). He has been dead for two monthsHe died two years ago.(2). The old man got up ten minutes ago.The old man has been up for ten minutes/ten minutes ago.(3) . The bus has been away for five minutes.The bus left five minutes ago. (4) . They have been in the army for three years.They joined the army since three years ago.Step IV Notice(1) in/for/after He will work in China in one year. He worked in China after two years. He has worked in China for two years.(2) in/since略 He has been to Shanghai twice.(3) twice/twice a year: He goes to Shanghai twice a year.(4) today/these days略(5) been to(去了)：She has been to Quanzhou once.gone to(去过)：She has just gone to Quanzhou.been in/at(来，到，呆)：She has been in Quanzhou for 10 years.(6) 在“This is the first(second)time that”结构中，从句常用现在完成时。Eg. This is the second time that I have come to Beijing.Saying:这是她首次参观上海吗？Is this the fist time that she has visited Shanghai .StepV Doing some exercises(调板)动词填空：1. I_(be)very tired now ,because I_(be)ill in bed for a day and a half.Yesterday,I_(not do)my homework because I_(send)to the hospital . The nurse_(take)my temperture now.I think I _(feel)better soon and would like_(return) to school again.2. Chenhui is my good friend.He_(study) in No.14Middle School for three years. He always_(work)quite hard.He is good at_(do)things and all his teachers love him.These days,Chenhui _(get) ready for the last exam.He said,“I_ (fly) to Paris_(spend)my holidays as soon as the exam_(finish).”I havent seen him since I_(meet)him last. So I miss him very much.StepV Homework-Exercises(待发)一、 根据句意完成下列句子1、 long may I _(借) the book?2、 I _(借) the book from the library just now.3、 When _ you_(买)the bag?4、 I have _(买)the bag for several days.5、 Lily_(患)a cold for a week.6、 Lily_(患)a cold last week.二、 动词填空1、 Da bao is a little boy, he_(like)_(draw)very much.One How day,he_(draw)a boy on the wall and went away.Then Xiaosan came up.He said to himself,“Ha,Ha!I_(change)it into an old man soon.”so he did.After a while Linming arrived.He thought,“Who_(do)that just?”He was angry with what he had seen. So he wrote “(not draw)on the wall!”At last ,Hanmei came,she said nothing.She carried some water,then all the pictures and words_(wash)away.2、Childrens schooling_(change)very fast today.In the past children_(keep)_(sit)stillforhoursby teachers.They_(make)them remember different kinds of things.In other words, the children had to go on repeating things until they know them by heart.Today, many teachers want to know if it is possible_(help)them learn.They say you must let children learn and find out things for themselves But for these children,school is a kind of prison. They are there only because their parents make them go. They often say,“We_(learn) a lot already.”They get out of the classroom as soon as the teacher_(let)them leave.Many of them want to find work, but the low_(not let)them work Until they reach a centuin age.And so, they have to stay in school.Often they dont learn anything at all and hate every moment.*教学反思：本节课是初二年英语总复习课。本节课本着“师生互动，共同学习”的原则，本着注重素质教育的理念，在比较、归纳、分析、综合、操练等教学过程中，注重学生的自主性和创造性的发挥；抓住英语口语的特点，注重培养学生的口才，使学生能各展其能，发展个性；根据英语科的性质特点，注重培养学生的综合应用能力。尝试创设宽松、民主、和谐的教学氛围，抓住一切时机激发学生求知的欲望，并且对学生的学习行为和学习结果、反应等作出客观