ASTM D3359译文.doc

Designation: D 3359 02名称： D 3359-02Standard Test Methods forMeasuring Adhesion by Tape Test1用胶带测量附着力的检测标准This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3359; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.这个标准是D 3359确定了以后发行的。数字代表名称最初通过的时间，或者修订情况，和最新版本。括号内的数字代表最新重新审批时间。上标代表最新版本的变化或重新审批。This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.该标准已经被国防机构部门批准使用。1. Scope 范围1.1 These test methods cover procedures for assessing the adhesion of coating films to metallic substrates by applying and removing pressure-sensitive tape over cuts made in the film.这些试验方法覆盖了对金属涂层片附着力的评估。附着性通过在涂层切口处施加和去除透明压敏胶带来评估。1.2 Test Method A is primarily intended for use at job sites while Test Method B is more suitable for use in the laboratory. Also, Test Method B is not considered suitable for films thicker than 5 mils (125m).试验方法A主要用于工作场所，而试验方法B更适用与实验室。试验方法B不适宜在涂层厚度大于125微米时使用。NOTE 1Subject to agreement between the purchaser and the seller,Test Method B can be used for thicker films if wider spaced cuts are employed.在买方和卖方之间的协议，如果允许更宽的切口，方法B可以用在更厚的涂层上。1.3 These test methods are used to establish whether the adhesion of a coating to a substrate is at a generally adequate level. They do not distinguish between higher levels of adhesion for which more sophisticated methods of measurement are required.这些试验方法被用来确定涂层对底材是否有足够的附着力。不区分层次,以服从需要更先进的测量方法。NOTE 2It should be recognized that differences in adherability of the coating surface can affect the results obtained with coatings having the same inherent adhesion.备注2：应该承认，涂层表面附着力的差异影响涂相同附着性的涂层得到的结果。1.4 In multicoat systems adhesion failure may occur between coats so that the adhesion of the coating system to the substrate is not determined.多层系统的失效发生涂层之间，以致使涂层与基层之间的粘附性无法确定。1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.SID单位价值被视为标准，括号内的价值是仅供参考.1.6 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.这个标准不打算讨论安全问题,如果有的话,再加上使用. 用户有责任建立适当的安全标准和卫生管理办法和确定适用前使用限制.2. Referenced Documents 参考文件2.1 ASTM Standards: 美国材料与试验协会标准D 609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panelsfor Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and Related Coating Products2D609实际编写冷轧钢板测试油漆、油光漆、转换材料、涂料及相关产品2D 823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels2D823方法制作影片制服油漆厚度、油光漆及相关产品测试板2D 1000 Test Method For Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive-Coated Tapes Used for Electrical and Electronic Applications3D1000测试方法压力敏感粘合剂镀磁带用于电器及电子应用3D 1730 Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for Painting4D1730方法编制铝和铝的合金表面油漆4D 2092 Guide for Preparation of Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Steel Surfaces for Painting5D2092锌编制指南在钢表面(镀锌)。D 2370 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic Coatings2D2370测试方法为有机涂层2的拉力特性。D 3330 Test Method for Peel Adhesion of Pressure-Sensitive Tape 6D3330测试方法：压敏胶带6 D 3924 Specification for Standard Environment for Conditioning and Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Materials2D3924标准规格的环境试验条件和油漆,油光漆、漆器、副产品2D 4060 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser2D4060测试方法：用泰伯耐磨性测定仪测定有机涂层的抗磨损。3. Summary of Test Methods 试验方法摘要3.1 Test Method AAn X-cut is made through the film to the substrate, pressure-sensitive tape is applied over the cut and then removed, and adhesion is assessed qualitatively on the 0 to 5 scale.试验方法A：一个X-槽贯通涂层和底材 ，在切口上放置和移除胶带，粘附力按照0-5质量等级进行评估。3.2 Test Method BA lattice pattern with either six or eleven cuts in each direction is made in the film to the substrate, pressure-sensitive tape is applied over the lattice andthen removed, and adhesion is evaluated by comparison with descriptions and illustrations.试验方法B：在涂层与底材之间切割六或十一晶格形态的截割切片，在晶格之间施加和移动胶带，粘附力通过图表描述对比来做评估。4. Significance and Use 意义和用途4.1 If a coating is to fulfill its function of protecting or decorating a substrate, it must adhere to it for the expected service life. Because the substrate and its surface preparation (or lack of it) have a drastic effect on the adhesion of coatings,a method to evaluate adhesion of a coating to different substrates or surface treatments, or of different coatings to the same substrate and treatment, is of considerable usefulness in the industry.如果涂层是满足保护或装饰底材，必须要达到预期的服务寿命。因为底材和其表面处理（或缺乏）对涂层的附着性有强烈的影响，评价方法加入了不同涂层表面处理、沼气、各种材料的原子相同的待遇,是相当有用的产业。1 These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films.测试方法在美国材料与试验协会D01关于油漆和有关涂层、材料、应用软件和关于油漆涂层的物理性能D01.23的权限下进行的。Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2002. Published October 2002. Originally published as D 3359 74. Last previous edition D 3359 97.2 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.3 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.01.4 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.05.5 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.02.6 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09.最新版本在2002年8月10号被认可。2002年10月出版。最初出版是D3359-74，上一个版本是D3359-97。Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Copyright ASTM InternationalReproduced by IHS under license with ASTM Licensee=daimlerchyrsler account/5957216001Not for Resale, 12/09/2005 00:34:54 MST No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS4.2 The limitations of all adhesion methods and the specific limitation of this test method to lower levels of adhesion (see1.3) should be recognized before using it. The intra- andinter-laboratory precision of this test method is similar to other widely-accepted tests for coated substrates (for example, Test Method D 2370 and Test Method D 4060), but this is partly the result of it being insensitive to all but large differences in adhesion. The limited scale of 0 to 5 was selected deliberately to avoid a false impression of being sensitive.使用前应承认，所有附着力方法的局限性和这个试验方法对下一级附着力（见1.3）的特殊的限制。内部和跨实验室精密这种测试方法类似其他广泛接受测试动听基质(如测试方法D2370及测试方法D4060),但大部分结果是不敏感的，除了附着力的不同。在有限的范围内选择0-5刻意避免在敏感的假象。TEST METHOD AX-CUT TAPE TEST 试验方法A：X截割 （X切片）5. Apparatus and Materials 仪器和材料5.1 Cutting ToolSharp razor blade, scalpel, knife or other cutting devices. It is of particular importance that the cutting edges be in good condition.切削刀具：整刀片、手术刀、刀或者其他切削设备。5.2 Cutting GuideSteel or other hard metal straightedge to ensure straight cuts.引导切割钢的或其他金属画直线用尺来保证直线切削。5.3 Tape25-mm (1.0-in.) wide semitransparent pressure sensitive tape7 with an adhesion strength agreed upon by the supplier and the user is needed. Because of the variability in adhesion strength from batch-to-batch and with time, it is essential that tape from the same batch be used when tests are to be run in different laboratories. If this is not possible the test method should be used only for ranking a series of testcoatings.胶带25mm宽的半透明的透明压敏胶粘带和被供应商和用户同意的粘合力是需要的。因为粘合力是随着时间和批次变化的，重要的是当试验在不同的实验室进行时使用的带要是同一批次的。如果无法做到这一点，测试方法应仅用于一系列测试涂层排名。5.4 Rubber Eraser, on the end of a pencil.橡胶橡皮5.5 IlluminationA light source is helpful in determining whether the cuts have been made through the film to the substrate.照明当在切片和基体之间开有切口时，光源是有很有帮助的。6. Test Specimens 试样6.1 When this test method is used in the field, the specimen is the coated structure or article on which the adhesion is to be evaluated.当这个试验方法在这个领域使用时，试样的结构或物品上的粘附力都将要被评估。6.2 For laboratory use apply the materials to be tested to panels of the composition and surface conditions on which it is desired to determine the adhesion.实验室使用的申请材料进行试验,以面板的成份的和表面状况的需要来确定附着力。NOTE 3Applicable test panel description and surface preparation methods are given in Practice D 609 and Practices D 1730 and D 2092.备注3：可适用的测试板的描述和表面准备方法见D 609和D 1730、D 2092。NOTE 4Coatings should be applied in accordance with Practice D 823, or as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.备注4：涂层的应用按照D 823，或者买方和卖方之间达成协议。NOTE 5If desired or specified, the coated test panels may be subjected to a preliminary exposure such as water immersion, salt spray, or high humidity before conducting the tape test. The conditions and time of exposure will be governed by ultimate coating use or shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and seller.备注4：规定，涂层测试板在试验前最初应浸在水中，盐雾或高湿度中。浸泡的时间和条件应由最终用涂层决定或者买方和卖方之间达成协议。7. Procedure 程序7.1 Select an area free of blemishes and minor surface imperfections. For tests in the field, ensure that the surface is clean and dry. Extremes in temperature or relative humiditymay affect the adhesion of the tape or the coating.选有瑕疵和表面缺陷的区域，在这个区域中做试验，确保表面是干净的和干燥的。极端的温度和相对湿度 可能影响粘贴带或涂层。7.1.1 For specimens which have been immersed: After immersion, clean and wipe the surface with an appropriate solvent which will not harm the integrity of the coating. Then dry or prepare the surface, or both, as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.对于被浸泡的样件，浸泡完以后用适当的溶剂（不能破坏涂层的完整性）擦净表面。然后准备或表面干燥,或在买方和卖方之间双方达成的协议,。7.2 Make two cuts in the film each about 40 mm (1.5 in.) long that intersect near their middle with a smaller angle of between 30 and 45. When making the incisions, use thestraightedge and cut through the coating to the substrate in one steady motion.在涂层上切2个切口，每个40mm长，两切口在中间位置交叉成30-45夹角。当切割切口时，用直线尺在涂层与底材之间做恒稳运动。7.3 Inspect the incisions for reflection of light from the metal substrate to establish that the coating film has been penetrated. If the substrate has not been reached make anotherX in a different location. Do not attempt to deepen a previous cut as this may affect adhesion along the incision.检查切口处，从金属表面的反射光来确定涂层已经被穿透。如果底材没有达到，在不同位置再用X槽。不要试图加深以前切口的深度，这样可能影响切口处的附着性。7.4 Remove two complete laps of the pressure-sensitive tape from the roll and discard. Remove an additional length at a steady (that is, not jerked) rate and cut a piece about 75 mm (3 in.) long.移动两个完全重叠的压敏粘胶带。按均匀的速度拉出一段胶带，除去最前面的一段，然后剪下长约75mm胶带。7.5 Place the center of the tape at the intersection of the cuts with the tape running in the same direction as the smaller angles. Smooth the tape into place by finger in the area of the incisions and then rub firmly with the eraser on the end of a pencil. The color under the transparent tape is a useful indication of when good contact has been made.把胶带的中心放在网格上方，用手指把胶带在网格区上方的部位压平，为了保证胶带与涂层接触良好，用橡皮用力摩擦胶带。透过胶带看到涂层颜色全面接触是有效的显示。7.6 Within 90 30 s of application, remove the tape by seizing the free end and pulling it off rapidly (not jerked) back upon itself at as close to an angle of 180 as possible.在贴上胶带9030 秒时间内，拿住胶带悬空的一端，并在尽可能接近180度，快速地（不是颠簸的）撕离胶带。7.7 Inspect the X-cut area for removal of coating from the substrate or previous coating and rate the adhesion in accordance with the following scale:检查X切口面积减少拆除或涂层的基材上涂层和粘贴率按照下列范围:5A No peeling or removal,没有脱皮或移动4A Trace peeling or removal along incisions or at their intersection,在交叉点追踪或随着切口移动3A Jagged removal along incisions up to 1.6 mm (1/16 in.) on either side,在切口的任意一侧移动1.6mm2A Jagged removal along most of incisions up to 3.2 mm (1/8 in.) on either side,沿着大部分切口的任一侧锯齿状移动3.2mm1A Removal from most of the area of the X under the tape, 在胶带下面大部分X区域移动。and 0A Removal beyond the area of the X.移动超出X区域。7.8 Repeat the test in two other locations on each test panel. For large structures make sufficient tests to ensure that the adhesion evaluation is representative of the whole surface.在另外两个地点重复测试每个测试小组。大型结构试验充分保证了粘合力评估代表整个表面。7.9 After making several cuts examine the cutting edge and, if necessary, remove any flat spots or wire-edge by abrading lightly on a fine oil stone before using again. Discard cutting tools that develop nicks or other defects that tear the film.切割了几个切口以后，检查切口边，如果需要，去除尖角（使用以前用油石去除）如果刀具损伤了涂层表面或刀具有缺口，丢弃刀具。Report 报告8.1 Report the number of tests, their mean and range, and for coating systems, where the failure occurred that is, between first coat and substrate, between first and second coat, etc.汇报试验的数量，平均和范围，对于涂层系统，失效发生在哪里，发生在第一个涂层和基体之间，还是在第一与第二涂层之间。8.2 For field tests report the structure or article tested, the location and the environmental conditions at the time of testing.报告测试的组织或项目，和试验时的环境情况。8.3 For test panels report the substrate employed, the type of coating, the method of cure, and the environmental conditions at the time of testing.测试板报告所用的底材，涂层的类型，治愈的方法，和试验时的环境情况。8.4 If the adhesion strength of the tape has been determined in accordance with Test Methods D 1000 or D 3330, report the results with the adhesion rating(s). If the adhesion strength of the tape has not been determined, report the specific tape used and its manufacturer.如果胶带的附着力符合D 1000 或者 D 3330，记录附着力级别的结果。如果胶带附着力的大小没有确定，记录使用胶带的生产厂家和使用的型号。7 Permacel 99, manufactured by Permacel, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, and available from various Permacel tape distributors, is reported to be suitable for this purpose. The manufacturer of this tape and the manufacturer of the tape used in the interlaboratory study (see RR: D01-1008), have advised this subcommittee that the properties of these tapes were changed. Users of it should, therefore, check whether current material gives comparable results to previous supplied material.Copyright ASTM InternationalReproduced by IHS under license with ASTM Licensee=daimlerchyrsler account/5957216001Not for Resale, 12/09/2005 00:34:54 MST No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS未经IHS允许，不允许复制或网络传播。8.5 If the test is performed after immersion, report immersionconditions and method of sample preparation.如果试验在浸泡以后再进行，记录浸泡的条件和试样准备方法。9. Precision and Bias 8 精度和偏差9.1 In an interlaboratory study of this test method in which operators in six laboratories made one adhesion measurement on three panels each of three coatings covering a wide range of adhesion, the within-laboratories standard deviation was found to be 0.33 and the between-laboratories 0.44. Based on these standard deviations, the following criteria should be used for judging the acceptability of results at the 95 % confidencelevel:在多个实验室进行的测试方法。操作者在6个实验室的3个平板上的涂层上覆盖一系列附着力，做同一个附着力测试。在同一个实验室的标准偏差为0.33,在不同实验室发现偏差为0.44.以这些标准偏差为基础，以下标准应该用来确定结果的可行性有95%的可信度。9.1.1 RepeatabilityProvided adhesion is uniform over a large surface, results obtained by the same operator should be considered suspect if they differ by more than 1 rating unit for two measurements.重复性：假定在一个大表面的附着力是一致的，同一个操作者两次测量得到的结果差异超过一个单位等级，那麽将被认为是不可信的。9.1.2 ReproducibilityTwo results, each the mean of triplicates, obtained by different operators should be considered suspect if they differ by more than 1.5 rating units.再现性：取每个操作者3次测量的均值，如果得到的两个结果超过1.5个单位等级，那麽将被认为是不可信的。9.2 Bias cannot be established for these test methods.用这些测试方法不能确定偏差。TEST METHOD BCROSS-CUT TAPE TEST 测试方法B：交叉切口胶带测试10. Apparatus and Materials 器具和材料10.1 Cutting Tool9Sharp razor blade, scalpel, knife or other cutting device having a cutting edge angle between 15 and 30 that will make either a single cut or several cuts at once. It is of particular importance that the cutting edge or edges be in good condition.切割刀具：锋利的刀刃、手术刀、刀或者其他切削设备的切削刃在15-30度之间，切削一个切口或着几个。切割刀具的刀刃和边缘情况良好是特别重要的。10.2 Cutting GuideIf cuts are made manually (as opposed to a mechanical apparatus) a steel or other hard metal straightedge or template to ensure straight cuts.切割指导：如果是手动切削钢制或其他金属直棱或模板要确保直线切割。10.3 RuleTempered steel rule graduated in 0.5 mm for measuring individual cuts.规则：用刻度为0.5锻钢尺测量每个槽。10.4 Tape, as described in 5.3.胶带：见5.310.5 Rubber Eraser, on the end of a pencil.铅笔末端的橡胶橡皮搽10.6 Illumination, as described in 5.5.照明描述见5.510.7 Magnifying GlassAn illuminated magnifier to beused while making individual cuts and examining the test area.放大镜当切割单个的切口和在研究试验区时用一个照明放大器。11. Test Specimens 试样11.1 Test specimens shall be as described in Section 6. It should be noted, however, that multitip cutters10 provide good results only on test areas sufficiently plane that all cutting edges contact the substrate to the same degree. Check for flatness with a straight edge such as that of the tempered steel rule(10.3).试样将在第6部分描述。应当记录，只有当试验区域足够平使切口在同一程度接触底材时，得到好的结果。12. Procedure程序12.1 Where required or when agreed upon, subject the specimens to a preliminary test before conducting the tape test (see Note 3). After drying or testing the coating, conduct the tape test at room temperature as defined in Specification D 3924, unless D 3924 standard temperature is required or agreed.或在必要时达成协议,进行试验以前样本要经过初步测试。经过烘干、涂层检验，按照D3924中要求的室温或者按照协商好的要求进行胶带试验。12.1.1 For specimens which have been immersed: After immersion, clean and wipe the surface with an appropriate solvent which will not harm the integrity of the coating. Thendry or prepare the surface, or both, as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.样本要进行浸泡：浸泡完以后要用适当的溶剂把表面清理干净，不要破坏涂层的完整性。或按照买方和卖方的约定来清理表面。12.2 Select an area free of blemishes and minor surface imperfections, place on a firm base, and under the illuminated magnifier, make parallel cuts as follows:选择一个区域没有瑕疵和表面缺陷小的区域，在照明放大镜下检查涂层的切割区如下所示：12.2.1 For coatings having a dry film thickness up to and including 2.0 mils (50 m) space the cuts 1 mm apart and make eleven cuts unless otherwise agreed upon.使涂层表面干燥，包括50um的空间切口距离1mm，有11个切口，或者协商确定。12.2.2 For coatings having a dr