高中英语时态.doc

高中时态 时 态 根据时间，判断状态一、一般现在时 动词原形或第三人称单数 do/ does be 常与always, usually, often, sometimes, every day, every week, now and then (时而)，for the time being（眼下、暂时、目前） 等时间状语连用。1、 表示经常发生的、 习惯性的事情或者经常存在的动作或状态，例：I go to school at 7 oclock everyday. She is often late.He goes to work every day.Planning so far ahead makes no sense- so many things will have changed by next year. 2、表示眼下或现阶段发生的动作或持续的状态例：I am a student. I love sports. They are very busy.3、描述客观事实或普遍真理。(用于宾语从句较多)例：The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.My teacher told me that the earth is round.Birds fly in the sky.4、主句是一般将来时,时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。 例： If it rains tomorrow, we wont go to the park.Ill go there after I finish my work. / If it rains tomorrow, I wont go there.Call me as soon as he arrives.5、在以here, there开头的句子，go, come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。例：There goes the bell.铃响了。 Here comes the bus.汽车来了。Here she comes.她来了。（主语是人称代词，不倒装）6、书报的标题、故事的叙述、小说、电影等情节介绍 The story takes place on an island during the second Revolution Civil War.7、时刻表、日程表等按规定将要发生的动作，只限于 go, leave, arrive, start, stay, return , begin, come The plane takes off at 15:05. The train leaves at 9am.二、一般过去时 did1、过去某时、某阶段 反复出现的 动作或 状态 时间状语： yesterday, last night, at that time, at that moment, in the old days, in 2009, just now eg：Where were you just now? During his middle school years, he played football nearly everyday.2、 短语： used to do 过去经常、反复，且已停止 would do 过去经常、反复， 可能继续 used to do 过去常常 be used to do 被用来 be used to doing 习惯于句型： It is (high) time did sth. It is time you went to bed.你该睡觉了。 3、 表示现在的行为，口气委婉、客气 如： think, wonder, hopeI wondered if you would do me a favor.三、一般将来时 用法： 表示将来的动作或状态eg ：In the future ,therell be a new school.My mother is going to spend her holiday in Shanghai in August.There is someone at the door, Ill go and open it.He is going to change his job.时间状语：this afternoon, tomorrow, next Monday, at the end of this month, in 3 days 等结构： 1、 主语 + will do shall do 用于第一人称A. 表示将会出现的动作或状态They will fly to Beijing in 3 days.Ill except to hear from you this evening.B. Will do 表示事物固有属性或必然趋势Fish will die without water. 没有水鱼就会死。 Man will die.2、 主语+ be going to + 动词原形 A. 表示计划、打算、准备做的事情，肯定要发生的事情 They are going to hold a meeting to discuss it.B. 有某种迹象认为在最近或将要发生的事.It looks as if it is going to rain.3、 Be to do A. 表示计划安排要做的事。 Im to meet Mr. Brown at 11 this morning. All the questions are to be answered.B. 表示说话人的意志、意图、命令等 The door is not to be opened.C. 注定要发生的事。 Her plan is to be a failure. 4、 be about to ：即将发生的动作 。 “正要、即将” The meeting is about to begin. They are about to leave. 不可与具体的将来时间性副词连用，可以用由 as, when 引导的时状连用She was about to go to the cinema when I came. 四、现在进行时 be doing “正在” 1、表示正在发生的事情或行为 (常与now, this time等连用)例：Were having a meeting. Im watching TV.2、表示现阶段正在发生的事情。例：He is writing a book these months.3、与 always、forever、constantly、continually、all the time 表示反复发生的或习惯性的动作， 表示不满、抱怨 或赞赏等情感。 She is always laughing at him.某些瞬间动词用进行时 表示将来： go, come , stay , leave, start, begin, arrive, returnEg: My brother is coming tomorrow.Im leaving. 我要走了。 The bus is coming. 公交来了。She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京。He is working as a teacher tomorrow.从明天起他要做老师。My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我五、过去进行时 强调过去具体的某一个时间，例如昨晚7点 be doing 1、过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。例：He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday. They were taking physical exercise at 7 this morning.2、表示动作在另一过去动作发生时进行。例如：They were still working when I left.3、表示过去反复的习惯。 Whenever I visited him, he was always writing at the desk.4、come, go, plan, except, look forward to 等词的过去进行时， 表示 本打算做 而没有做成的事。 He was coming to see me, but unfortunately he was ill. I was going to play tennis with you tomorrow. 六、将来进行时 will be doing 表示在将来某一时刻正在做某事。Eg: What will you be doing this time tomorrow? 七、过去将来时 would / should do, be going to do, be to do, be about to do 表示从过去某一时刻看将要发生的动作 I told her I should return the book in a few days. 我告诉她我几天后还书。 I was about to go out when the telephone rang. 我正准备出去，电话响了。 She told me that she was to plant trees in the yard. Were /was to have done 本该， 却未实现 We were to have left at 6 last night. 我们本该昨晚六点走的。八、现在完成时 have/ has done “已经”时间状语 : already, yet, just,ever, often, latelyrecently, in the past few days, for a long time, since, for，so far, up to now,many times, 等1、过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果。 I have finished the report. She has cleaned the room.My father has just come back from work. 2、从过去开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，而且可能继续下去 例如：He has learned English for six years. 时间段 They have worked here since they left college. 时间点 3、 句型： it is 次数 that 现在完成时 第几次做某事 It is the first time I have done it. 扩展： It was 次数 that 过去完成时。4、 非延续性动词在肯定句中 不能与 表示一段时间的词连用。 可以改成相应的延续性动词， 或者 It is/ has been 时间 since 一般过去。 表示自从有多久了。Eg: I received his letter two days ago. I t is two days since I received his letter.瞬间动词：join, lose, buy, borrow, leave, go, come, arrive, die, marry, finish, complete, begin, start, break out等现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：用两种时态来表述发生在过去的某一动作，现在完成时强调这一过去动作对现在产生的影响或结果，而一般过去时只陈述过去的动作或状态，和现在关系不大。eg：She has cleaned the room. Its very clean now. have/has been to表示“曾经到过某地（人已回来），去过have/has gone to表示“到某地去了（还未回来）， 去了九、过去完成时 had done 1、过去的过去。 By, before, 等介词短语或一个时间状语例如：He had shut the door before the dog came up. Everything had been all right up till this morning. Just before I left the classroom, I had closed all the windows.She had learnt 2,000 English words by the end of last month.2、表示未曾实现的希望、打算或意图。常用 had hoped/ planned/ meant/ intended/ thought/ wanted /supposed例：We had expected that you would be able to win the match. I had meant to come, but it rained. I had hoped to see her again.3、用于 hardly.when, no sooner than 句型 表示“一就” He had hardly arrived when it began to snow. No sooner had he gone to sleep than the telephone rang once more. 十、将来完成时 will/ shall have done 用来表示在将来某个时刻（前）将完成的动作。常和by短语，when,before引起的时间状语连用。如， by (the time/ the end of) +未来时间。before + 未来时间。eg：We will have finished senior Book 2 by the end of this term. By this time tomorrow you will have arrived in Shanghai. I shall have finished this composition before 9.十一、现在完成进行时 has/ have been doing1、表示动作从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在（有可能还要继续下去）。例如：He has been doing the maths problems since 8:00. It has been raining for two days. 刚停I have been looking for my lost book for three days, but I still havent found it. 2、重复的动作表示感情色彩He has been calling on her several times this week. 他这周给她打了好几次电话了。 Shes been saying that twenty times. 她已经说了20遍了。 十二、过去完成进行时 had been doing 表示动作从过去的过去一直持续到过去。Eg: It had been raining cats and dogs for over a week. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she had been lying there.十三、将来完成进行时 will have been doing表示动作一直延续到将来某一时刻。By the time you arrive tonight, shi will have been typing for hours.总结：A： 一般时： 一般现在时：结构、用法 一般过去时 一般将来时B. 进行时 ： 强调进行 现在进行时 过去进行时 将来进行时 强调持续： 现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时 将来完成进行时C完成时： 现在完成时 过去完成时现在过去将来过去将来一般do/doesdidshall/ will doshould/ would do进行be doingbe doingshall/ will be doing完成时have/ has donehad doneshall/ will have done完成进行has / have been doinghad been doingshall/ will have been doing解题方法：找到时间状语， 确定 时态， 确定结构，判断人称单复。学后记：时态考点分析1Can I join your club,dad? You can when you_a bit older. (NMET) A.get B.will get C.are getting D.will have got析：“You can”是将来意，when引导的时间状语从句要用一般现在时表将来所以为A.2Oh,its you!I_you. Ive just had my hair cut and Im wearing new glasses. A.didnt recognize B.hadnt recognized C.havent recognized D.dont recongnize 析：从“Oh,its you!”可知说话时已认出对方。“没有认出”是在此之前为过去情况，所以应选A.3.I dont think Jim saw me;he_into space. (NMET) A.just stared B.was just staring C.has just stared D.had just stared析：在空白处应选一个与“saw”相配，能解释Jim didnt see me 这一原因的选项，只有着眼于A、B。若选A不能体观他“当时正在做”某事，故排除A而选B。这样因为“他正在望宇宙天空”所以“未看到我”。4._my glasses? Yes,I saw them on your bed a minute ago. (NMET) A.Do you see B.Had you seen C.Would you see D.Have you seen析：现在完成时可表过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响或结果，问话人以这样的时态发问可作现焦急的心情。故答案为D。5.You dont need to describe her.I_her several times. (NMET) A.had met B.have met C.met D.meet6.Do you know our town at all? No,this is the first time I_here. A.was B.have been C.came D.am going析：根据this/it is the first/second/time sb.has done sth.句型，可定答案为B。又如：This is the second time he has visited the Great Wall.7.I dont really work here.I_until the new secretary arrives. (NMET) A.just help out B.have just helped out C.am just helping out D.will just help out 析：根据I dont really work here.以及until the new secretary arrives,可知说话人所要做的事是计划安排行为，C、D两个选项都表将来动作，但D非计划安排，C则体现按计划去做，所以此题答案为C。8.Is this raincoat yours? No,mine_there behind the door. (NMET) A.is hanging B.has hung C.hangs D.hung动词时态练习题1. We _ with you for the time being. A. will stay B. will be staying C. would stay D. have stayed 2. Who sings best in your class? Mary _. A. is B. does C. do D. sing 3. She _ her pen in her room now. A. finds B. is finding C. looks for D. is looking for 4. What _ you _ tomorrow morning? A. are/going to do B. are/doing C. are/done D. have/done 5. It was not long before the water _ cold. A. is feeling B. feels C. felt D. was feeling 6. I _ as soon as you come back. A. went B. have gone C. am going D. shall go 7. The scientist _ Canada and he will give us a talk when he _ back. A. has gone to/comes B. has been to/will come C. has gone to/will come D. has been to/comes 8. He found his book this morning, but now he _ his pen. A. loses B. is missing C. has lost D. lost 9. She _ to her hometown several times. A. has been B. has gone C. went D. is going 10. It _ Jane and Mary who helped me the other day. A. is B. was C. are D. were 11. I _ to bed when the telephone rang. A. have been B. went C. am going D. was going 12. Jane _ some washing this time yesterday. A. is doing B. had done C. was doing D. did 13. When I got to the school, the first class _. A. had begun B. began C. is beginning D. has begun 14. Mother promised she _ me an English-Chinese dictionary. A. is buying B. will buy C. would buy D. has bought 15. She objects to _ loud music _ while she reads newspapers. A. have/play B. have/played C. having/playing D. have/playing 16. If it _, we will go to visit the zoo. A. not rains B. doesnt rain C. wont rain D. isnt going to rain 17. Our English teacher _ all the exercise books last Friday evening. A. has corrected B. will correct C. had corrected D. corrected 18. What are you doing under the table? I _ to find my watch. A. tried B. try C. am trying D. have tried 19. There _ an English evening party next Saturday. A. is going to be B. will have C. is to have D. is going to have 20. It is getting late. Its time we _. A. go B. went C. are going D. must go 21. Continue heating until steam _. A. has appeared B. appears C. appeared D. will appear 22. Dont get that ink on the shirt, for it _. A. doesnt wash out B. wont be washing out C. isnt washing out D. wont wash out 23. I havent seen her _. A. two weeks ago B. since two weeks C. for two weeks D. before two weeks 24. My brother _ the Youth League since 1990. A. joined B. has been in C. has joined D. had joined 25. Where is Peter? He _ to Shanghai. A. went B. had gone C. has been D. has gone 26. I knew I could not finish the homework _. A. by the time he had come B. before he came C. until he has come D. when he comes 27. He _ English for ten years by the time he takes the examination. A. will have been studying B. would have been studying C. will study D. studied 28. The bus came after I _ for about half an hour. A. had been waiting B. have been waiting C. have waited D. was waiting 29. I saw that he _ at seven oclock last night. A. still worked B. is still working C. was still working D. had been working 30. I didnt go to see the film because I _ it. A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. am seeing 31. Did you ask the teacher what _ this afternoon? A. will we do B. we would do C. shall we do D. would we do 32. Who _ to school earliest in your class every morning? A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming 33. Im sure I _ her four years ago. A. have seen B. saw C. had seen D. will see 34. An unexpected heavy rain caused severe flooding, and the water _ all the time. A. rose B. raised C. was rising D. was raising 35. _ a noise just then? A. Have you heard B. Were you hearing C. Are you hearing D. Did you hear 36. Great changes _ in the last twenty years in China. A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. have been taken place 37. _ that dress when he first saw you in the street? A. Are you wearing B. Did you wear C. Have you worn D. Were you wearing 38. She _ when I go to see her. A. is always working B. was always working C. always worked D. has always worked 39. I will ask her for the book now, for she _ plenty of time to read since I lent it to her. A. has B. has had C. had had D. was having 40. Our football team _ every match so far this year, but we still have three more