答案全高二上学期寒假作业.doc

高二上学期英语寒假作业 姓名：_Refer to English-English dictionary and write down the English explanation(s) of the following words or phrases.abolish vt. to officially get rid of a law, system, practice etcadvantage n. something that makes one person or thing more likely to succeed than others; benefitanalyse vt. to examine something to understand or explain itanalyst n. one whose job is to examine a situation event etc to provide others with information application n. a formal request for permission to do or have something apply vt. to make a formal request for permission to do or have somethingattempt v. to make an effort or try to do something n. an effort or a try to do somethingavailable adj. able to be attained, taken or usedbackground n. the type of family, social position, or culture that someone comes fromcelebrate v. to do something enjoyable in order to show that an occasion or event is specialcombine v. to bring or put something togethercompare v. 1) to consider how people are different and how they are similar 2) to say that one thing or person is similar to anothercondition n. the physical state of somethingconfiscate vt. to officially remove someones possessions for legal reasons or as a punishmentconfusing adj. difficult to understandcontract n. a written legal agreement between two people or businesses that says what each must do for the other or give to the othercrawl vi. to move slowly on the hands and knees along the groundcreate vt. to make something new or original that did not exist beforecriticize vt. to say what you think is wrong or bad about somethingcurious adj. wanting to know about something; inquisitivedeclare v. to make known formally or officiallydemand n. a firm statement that you want something v. to say in a very firm way that you want somethingdetermined adj. not willing to let anything prevent you from doing what you have decided to dodisturb vt. to interrupt and stop them from continuing what they were doing; to upset and worry someone a lotdouble vi. to make twice as big, much or as manyearn vt. to receive money from work you doelegant adj. graceful and attractiveencounter n. a meeting, especially one that is unplanned, unexpected v. to meet, especially unexpectedlyendanger vt. to expose to harm or dangerestablish vt. to set up; foundexception n. someone or something that is different from other people or things and so cant be included in a groupextend vt. to continue fro a particular distance or in a particular direction; to increase the size or length of somethingextinct adj. no longer existing or livingforce vt. to make somebody do something that they do not want to do, especially by threatening themP1freedom n. the right to do what you want, make your own decisions and express your own opinionsfreeze vi. to become ice from coldfright n. sudden, intense fear, scareguarantee vt. to make it certain that something will certainly happen or be donehabitat n. the natural home of a plant or animalideal adj. of the best or suitable type; as good as you can imagineimport vt. to bring or carry in from a foreign country for trade or ellectual adj. relating to the ability to think in an intelligent way to understand things; well educated and interested in art, science, literature etc at an advanced levelinvolve vt. to contain as a part; includelay vt. 1) to put something or someone down in a careful way 2) to produces the egg by pushing it from its body 3) to prepare a table for a meal by putting forks, knives, spoons, dishes etc on itlinguist n. someone who studies and speaks a lot of languages; someone who teaches or studies linguisticslie vi. to be in a position in which your body is flat on a surface; to deliberately say something that is not truemake a difference: to have an effect onmake up 1）to invent an explanation for something to avoid being punished or embarrassed 2）to invent a story, poem etc 3）to put powder, lipstick, etc. on sb.s face to make it more attractivememory n. something that you remembermission n. an aim that is very important to a person or organizationmonitor vt. to regularly check something or watch somebody to find out what is happeningmurderer n. a person who has killed sb. deliberately or illegallyoffer vi. to let someone know that you will give them something if they want it; to provide somethingomit vt. to fail to include someone or something origin n. the place or moment where something begins to existoutline n. an explanation that includes the general points about something, but not the detailspanic vt. to have a sudden, strong feeling of fear or worry that makes you unable to think clearly or calmly n. a sudden, strong feeling of fear or worry that makes you unable to think clearly or calmlyparade n. a public celebration in which a large group of people move throug an areaperform vi. to complete an action or activity; to play a role or show a skill before an audiencepermanent adj. Happening or existing for a long time or for all time in the futurepoacher n. one who illegally catches or kills animals, birds, or fish on the property of anotherpour vi. to rain hard or heavilypresent vt. 1）to give something to someone officially 2）to show or display in a particular way so that people have a particular opinion about them 3）to offer something for people to consider or judge adj. existing or happening nowpretend vi. to behave in a particular way to let someone believe that something is true when it is not trueprotect vt. to keep from harm, injury, damage or lossprotest vi. to disagree strongly purchase vt. buy.P2qualified adj. able to do something because you have the knowledge, skill, or experience that is neededqueue vi. to wait in a queue/ a line raid n. a sudden surprise attack vt.to use force to enter a place in order to search for somethingremark n. a few words that give the facts or your opinion about somethingrequire vt. to need someone or somethingresemble vt. to be similar to someone or something, especially in appearance never passivereserve n. an area of land where wild animal or plants are officially protected vt. to keep something for future use; to keep something for a particular person; to make an arrangement for a room in a hotel or a seat in a theatre respect vt. to feel admiration for someone because of their personalities, achievements, or status n. an feeling of admiration for someone because of their personalities, achievements, or status salary n. a fixed amount of money that you earn each month or year for your jobscore v to get a point in a game or sport; to achieve a particular amount, level in a testsheer adj. very steepshelter n. something that provides cover or protectionsign vt. to write your name on something to show your agreementsimplify vt. to make less complicated or easiersolve vt. to find a solution/ way to something specific adj. exact and detailedstaff n. the people who work for a particular company, organization or situationstandard adj. made or done according to accepted or approved principles of quality or good behavioursteadily adv. Gradually developing, not changing, reliable/ sensible; lasting a long time struggle n. an attempt to do something that takes a lot of effort over a period of time vi. to try hard to do something that you find very difficultsuffer vi. to feel pain; to experience something very unpleasant or painful; to become worse or less successfultakefor granted: to expect something always to happen or exist or someone to do something naturally without feeling gratefultransport vt. to move people or things from one place to another, usually in a vehicle ultimate adj. happening at the end of a process: eventual; as good or as bad as possibleunite vt. to join and work together to achieve a particular goalvariety n. a collection or number of people, things, ideas etc that are all different from one another; a type of plantvertical adj. upright, straight upvolunteer n. someone who is not paid for the work that they dowander vi. to move or travel about without purpose or destinationwhistle n. to make a tune or musical notes by forcing air through your mouth wildlife n. U animals, birds and plants that live in natural conditionsworth adj. valuable in money; good enough to do something P3Book 6abandon v. leave behindabsence n. the state of being awayabsorb vt. to take in a gas, a liquid or other substance; to learn and understand new factsaccompany vt. to go with someone to a place or eventaccumulate v. to get more and more of something over a period of timeacute adj. very serious or severeadjust v. to change something slightly to make it better, more accurate, or more effective advance adj. done, obtained or announced before a particular time or eventalarm n. fear or alarm that something unpleasant or dangerous might happen alien adj. completely different from what you usually do; from a different country, race or culture ambition n. strong desire for success, or achievement anniversary n. the date when you celebrate something that happens in some previous year that is important for youapologise v. to tell someone that you are sorry for doing something wrong or causing a problemapology n. a statement to tell someone that you are sorry for doing something wrong or causing a problemappeal n. a quality that something has that makes people like it or want itattain v. to achieve or accomplish (a task, goal, aim, etc) awake adj. not sleeping awkward adj. difficult to deal with and embarrassing; not comfortable, relaxed or confidentbehave v. to do something in a particular way; to be polite and not be rude or cause troublebelong to to be owned by someone; to be a member of an organization or clubbend v. to be curved or folded and not straightbeneficial adj. causing a good result or having a good effect; advantageousbetray v. to aid an enemy of (ones nation, friend, etc); be allergic to: to be sick or your skin becomes red or swollen because you eat something or touch somethingbe ashamed of: to feel guilty, disappointed, upset or embarrassed because you have done something wrong be aware of: to know about or notice a situation or a fact; be blessed with: to be lucky withbe identical to: to be exactly the samebe nervous about: to feel excited and worried, slightly afraidbe nostalgic for: to feel a little sad about the good old daysbe on good terms with: get along well withbe restricted to: limited or controledbite v. to use teech to cut or break something break down 1) to stop working; 2) to stop being successful 3) to lose control of ones feeling especially in publicbreathe v. to take air into your lungs through your nose or mouth and let it out againbrunch n. a meal eaten late in the morning, combining breakfast with lunchcautious adj. careful to avoid danger or problems chaos n. a situation in which everything is confused and in a messP4characteristic n. particular quality or feature that is typical of someone or something charm v. to give someone pleasure or enjoyment; to deliberately make someone like youchase v. to quickly follow someone or something in order to catch them: pursuecheer up: to make someone feel happier or less sadcircumstance n. C usually plural: the facts or conditions that affects a situationcivilian n. anyone who is not a member of the army, navy, air force, or policecoincidence n. a surprising and unexpected situation in which separate things happen at the same timecombine v. put or add togethercompulsory adj. required by a rule or lawcondemn v. to say publicly that you think someone or something is wrongconfidential adj. being kept secretconfront v. to deal with a difficult situationconsiderate adj. thinking about the needs and feelings of other peoplecontrast v. to compare two things in order to show how they are differentcontroversial adj. causing a lot of disagreement or disapprovalcourage n. the ability that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fearcure v. to provide a cure for, make healthy againcurriculum n. the subjects that students study at a particular school or collegedefine v. to describe clearly and exactly what something isdeposit n. an amount of money that is paid into a bank accountdepress v. to make someone feel unhappy and disappointed and want to stop trying to achieve thingsdespite prep. used for saying that something happens even though something might have prevented it; in spite ofdisgust v. to make you feel angry and upset or physically illdistribute v. to give something such as food, clothes, or money to a group of peopledivorce n. the legal way of ending of a marriage v. to take legal action to end a marriagedoubt n. a feeling of not being certain of something v. to think that something is probably not true or does not existdrown v. to sink under water and dieeccentric adj. behaving in slightly strange or unusual waysecho v. if a noise echoes, it is repeated because the sound hits a surface and returnsembassy n. the building where the officials who represent their government in a foreign countryencourage v. to give someone courage, confidence and hope to do something entice v. to persuade someone to do something by offering them an advantage or rewardexclaim v. to say something suddenly and loudly, especially because you are surprised, impressed or in painexhaustion n. a feeling of being extremely tired and without energyfiance n. the woman you are engaged to and are going to get married toflee v. to run away or escape from a dangerous situation or place quicklyflesh n. the soft part of the body of a person or animal that is between the skin and bonesflexible adj. able to make changes or deal with a situation that is changingforgive v. to decide that you will not be angry with someone who has done something wrongfunction n. the purpose that something is made for, or the job that someone doesfundamental adj. essential to the existence, development or success of somethingP5function n. the purpose that something is made for, or the job that someone doesfundamental adj. very necessary and important as a part of somethinggenetic adj. of or relating to or produced by or being a genegenuine adj. not fake, real; sincerehandy adj. easy to useheritage n. important qualities, customs and traditions that have been in a society for a long timehesitate v. pause before saying or doing somethinghospitable adj. friendly, welcoming and generous to visitorsindentical adj. exactly alikeimagine n. to form a picture or idea in the mind about what something could be likeimmigration n. the process of entering another country in order to live thereincredible adj. too strange to be believed or very difficult to believeinformal adj. relaxed and friendly without being restricted by rules of correct behaviourinquisitive adj. asking too many questions; interested in a lot of different things and wanting to find out moreinsert v. put something into or inside something elseinterpersonal adj. involving relations between peopleinterpret v. to change words spoken in one language into another language; to explain the meaning of somethinginterval n. the period of time between two events, activities etcinvade v. to enter a country, town or area using military force in order to take control of itinvisible adj. impossible to be seenlack v. to not have something that you need, or not have enough of itleave out to not include magical adj. possessing or using magic, supernatural powers; very enjoyable exciting or romanticmarry v. to become someones husband or wifemature adj. grown up or fully developedmemorable adj. worth rememberingmention v. to talk about; make reference tomess n. a state of confusion and disorderlinessmodest adj. unwilling to talk proudly about ones abilities and achievementsmoody adj. easily becoming annoyed or unhappy nationality n. the legal right of belonging to a particular countrynonsense n. stupid or untrue ideas, opinions or statementsobligation n. +to a moral or legal duty to do something occupy v. to enter and keep control of a place; to live or stay in a placeopportunity n. a chance to do something or an occasion when it is easy for you to do something optional adj. possible but not necessary; left to personal choiceoutspoken adj. expressing yourself freely or honestlyovercome v. win a victory over; to controlperfect adj. of the very best possible kind or standardperfume n. a liquid that has a strong pleasant smellpersonnel n. the people who work in a company or organization, or in the armyP6possess v. to own, havepredict v. to say that something will happenpregnant adj. having an unborn baby growing inside ones bodyprivilege n. a special advantage that is only given to a person or group of peoplepsychologist n. a scientist trained in psychologypsychology n. the study of the mind and how it workspunish v. to make someone suffer because they have done something wrong or broken the lawpurpose n. the thing that an event, process or activity is supposed to achievequarrel v& n. an angry argument; to have an argumentraise v. 1）to move or lift something to a higher