复习课-七（上）重点语法.doc

1 基数词和序数词 基变序口决基变序有规律， 词尾加上-th ；一二三特殊记， 单词结尾t d d ；八减t , 九减e , f 要把ve替 ；ty 把y 改为i , 记住前还有e ；若遇到几十几， 只把个位变序。2 年、月、日表达法a) 年的读法：用基数词，两位一读b) 月份名称的首字母要大写c) 日期：用序数词表示，前面可加the ,也可省略，但读要读出thed) 年、月、日在英语中的顺序是3一般现在时用法1.现阶段经常性习惯性动作2.目前的状态3.客观真理常用时间状语sometimes, often, every day, usually, always 等构成1.动词用原形I like it.2.当主语是第三人称单数时，动词要加-s(-es)She likes it.He likes it.Ann goes to work.3.be 动词用am，is, areI am a teacher.He is a boy.They are girls.否定形式1.dont+动词原形I dont like it.They dont like it.2.当主语是第三人称单数时，则为: doesnt+动词原形He doesnt like it.Ann doesnt go to work.一般疑问句把do 或does 放在主语的前面，后面动词用原形Do you like it?Does Ann like it?Does he like it ?附：动词第三人称单数的构成规则情况方法例词一般情况加sreads, says以ch, sh, x,s或o 结尾的词加esteaches,guessesfinishes以“辅音字母y”结尾的词把y改为i再加esfly-fliestry-triescarry-carries4时间表达法：(一)顺读法:先读整点，再读几分，遇见0读作“O”；遇到整点可直接读数字，也可在数字后面加“oclock”.(二)逆读法：先读分钟数，再读整点；a.分钟数小于30分钟的用：分钟数+past(过)+整点;b.分钟数等于30分钟的用：half +past+整点 (几点半);c.分钟数大于30分钟的用：（60分钟）+to(差)+下一个整点;d.15分钟常常用a quarter（一刻钟）来表示；5写作1）自我介绍(姓名、年龄、生日、爱好、出生地等)2）谈论自己爱好的电影类型课本P56573）介绍自己一天所上的科目以及自己最喜爱的科目，为什么？There be/ haveThere be 有，其确切含意为某处或某时存在某人或某物。其结构是：There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地点或时间的状语。There be 后面的名词实际上是主语，be 动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致，be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is，名词是复数时用are。例如：(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可乐。(2) There is a doll in the box. 那个盒子里有个娃娃。(3) There are many apples on the tree. 那树上有许多苹果。总之，There be结构强调的是一种客观存在的有。have表示拥有，占有，具有，即：某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主语一般是名词或代词，与主语是所属关系。例如：(4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有两个兄弟，一个姐姐。(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四个房间。名词的数（考点） 1可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种： (1)一般情况下，在词尾加s。 egbookbooks，dogdogs，penpens，boyboys 以轻辅音结尾的名词后的s的读音为s)，以浊辅音和元音结尾名词后的s读音为。 (2)以s，x，ch，sh结尾的词名词变复数时，要在词尾加es。 egbeachbeaches，brushbrushes，busbuses，boxboxes(es读音为 (3)以“辅音字母y”结尾的名词，先变y为i，再加es。egcitycities，familyfamilies，documentarydocumentaries，countrycountries， strawberrystrawberries(ies读音为iz) (注：以“元音字母+y”结尾的词，直接在词尾加-s。egboys，holidays，days) (4)以元音字母。结尾的名词，变复数时情况如下： 加estomatotomatoes，potatopotatoes hero-heroes 结尾是两个元音字母的加s，egZoozoos，radioradios 某些外来词变复数时词尾加s，eg. pianopianos 一些名词的缩写形式变复数时，词尾加s，egphoto(photograph)photos，kilo(kilogram)kilos zero变复数时，既可加s，也可加 eszeroszeroes (5)以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时，先把f或fe变为v，再加es。 wifewives，leaf leaves，halfhalves，knifeknives，thief-thieves(res读音为vz (注意：roof的复数为roofs； scarf的复数为scarfsscarves) (6)有些名词由单数变复数时，不是在词尾加s或es，而是变换其中的字母，egmanmen，womanwomen，policemanpolicemen，EnglishmanEnglishmen，FrenchmanFrenchmen，footfeet， toothteeth， childchildren，mousemice(7)还有一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。egChinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，fish(8)另一些名词本身即是复数形式不可作单数。people，police，trousers，pants，clothes，scissors 另外，当一个名词作定语说明另一个名词时，这个名词一般用单数。 egan apple tree，five apple trees，a girl friend，two girl friends，a twin sister 但是，当man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时，就要用其复数形式。 egtwo men teachers，three women doctors 可用“量词+of+名词复数”这一结构表示可数名词的数量。 eg.a room Of students，two boxes Of pencils 2不可数名词一般没有复数形式，它的“量”的表示方式如下。（考点） (1)表不定数量时，一般用much，(a)little，a lot oflots of，some，any等词修饰。 eg，much money，a little bread (2)表确定数量时，一般用“数词+量词+of+不可数名词。如：twothree+量词复数十of+不可数名词。 ega bag Of rice，two glasses Of milk，four bottles Of water 3有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，但词义有所不同。 eg: fruit水果fruits表示不同种类的水果；food食物foods各种食品；fish鱼fishes鱼的种类；drink饮料、酒a drink一杯一份饮料、一杯酒； cloth布,a cloth桌布、抹布； sand沙sands沙滩； tea茶a tea一杯茶；chicken鸡肉a chicken小鸡；orange橘汁an orange橘子； glass玻璃a glass玻璃杯，glasses眼镜； paper纸a paper试卷、论文；wood木头a wood小森林；room空间、余地a room房间 (三)名词的所有格(表示人或物的所属关系) （难点） (1)有生命的名词所有格以及表示时间、距离、城镇、国家等的名词所有格。 不是以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，在词尾加s。 egMikes watch；Womens Day 以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，只加。 egteachers office，students rooms 两个或两个以上名词并列，表示共同所有，只需在最后一个名词后加s。 egTom and Mikes room汤姆和迈克的房间(表示汤姆和迈克共有一间房) 两个或两个以上名词并列，表示分别所有，需在几个名词后都加s。 eg. Marys and Jennys bikes玛丽和詹妮的自行车(表示玛丽和詹妮各自的自行车) (2)无生命的事物的名词所有格常用of结构 ega map Of China，the beginning Of this game，the door Of the room (3)特殊形式 可用s和of短语表示的名词所有格 egthe boys name=the name Of the boy(男孩的名字)the dogs legs=the legs of the dog(狗的腿)Chinas population=the population Of China(中国的人口)Chinas capital=the capital of China(中国的首都) 双重所有格 ega fiend of my mothers我妈妈的一个朋友 a picture of Toms汤姆的一张图片用所给单词的适当形式填空1. _ (He) pen is in _ (I) pencil-box.2. _ (You) shoes _ (be) under the bed.3. _(Who) new ruler is this?4. -Are these trousers _(you)?-No, they arent _(we)5. Its time _(go) and play games.6. This is my pen. Please give it to _ (I).7. I have two _ (baby).8. Look! That is a _ (China) car.9. It is _ (my teacher) sweater. 10. Now her _ ( parent) are in America.【满分演练】一. 单项填空1. -What colour is the bike? -Its _ orange.A. an B. a C. / D. the2. That isnt her bag. Its _. A. my B. I C. mine D. me3. -Oh, your kite is very nice. -_. A. Thats right B. No, its not nice C. Yes, it is D. Thank you4. The woman is sixty, but she _ young. A. is B. sees C. looks D. watches5. Its time _ lunch. Lets go home. A. to B. in C. for D. on6. -_ is your coat? -The black one. A. What B. Where C. Which D. How7. -_ is the toy?-Its on the bed. A. Who B. Where C. What D. Whose8. The shoes are too old. Put _ over there. A. it B. they C. their D. them9. Excuse me. Can you _ my watch, please? A. look B. look like C. look after D. look at10. Look _ the blackboard and listen _the teacher. A. / / B. at; to C. after; / D. on; after11. -Whose dress is this?-Its _. A. Lucy B. Lucys C. Jim D. Jims12. The girl _ the purple coat is his sister. A. at B. in C. on D. with13. There is a bird _ the tree. A. in B. on C. to D. of14. There are many _ in our school. A. woman teachers B. woman teacher C. women teacher D. women teachers15. -Is there a ball under the desk?-_. A. Yes, it is B. Yes, theres C. No, there isnt D. No, there is16. There _ some books and a pencil on the desk. A. am B. is C. are D. be17. -Let me help you. -_. A. Youre welcome B. Thanks very much C. Dont worry D. Yes, thanks18. _ old man is _ English teacher. A. The; an B. An; an C. The; the D. A; a19. -What _ five plus six? -Its eleven. A. am B. is C. are D. /20. -What _ you see in the picture? -I can see some flowers.A. must B. can C. are D. do【满分演练七下】一. 单项选择1. There is some _ on the plate. A. cakes B. meat C. potato D. pears2. Uncle Wang wants _ the machine like a bike. A. ride B. riding C. rides D. to ride3. Tom usually goes to bed _ ten oclock in the evening. A. at B. in C. on D. of4. _ picture books in class, please. A. Not read B. No read C. Not reading D. Dont read5. The box is too heavy. Let _ help you to carry it. A. we B. us C. ours D. our6. Hurry up, _ well be late for the meeting. A. and B. but C. then D. or7. People usually _ hello to each other when they make a phone call. A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk8. Look! She _ a kite for her son. A. makes B. is making C. make D. making9. These shoes are yours. Please _. A. put on them B. put on it C. put them on D. put it on10. She often gets _ very late. A. home B. at home C. to home D. in home11. I think the shop is closed _ this time of day. A. in B. on C. at D. for12. I want _ of meat, please. A. half kilo B. a half kilo C. half a kilo D. a kilo half13. - Is this black ruler _? - No. Its _. A. yours, his B. your, his C. yours, him D. you, he14. _ book on the desk is a useful（重要的）one. A. A B. An C. The D. /15. Grandma is ill. We have to take her to the _. A. farm B. post office C. hotel D. hospital16. Liu Mei often helps her mother _ housework. A. does B. do C.doing D. to doing17. We watch evening news on _ at 7:00 in the evening. A. CCTV B. CAAC C. WTO D. MTV18. There _ a box of apples on the desk. A. are B. is C. has D. have19. Would you like _ with me? A. go B. to go C. going D. goes20. Sometimes his brother _ TV after supper. A. watch B. sees C. watches D. is watching( B ) Paula Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Get up 7:10 a.m. 7:10 a.m. 7:10 a.m. 7:10 a.m. 7:10 a.m. morning school school school school school lunch pizza rice rice rice rice afternoon Yo-yo Table-tennis Table-tennis Table-tennis football evenin