形容词副词比较级和最高级(2).doc

形容词的比较等级（一）一、形容词、副词的原级(即原形)的使用：1.常用于 very, too, quite, so（如此，这样）等之后。Im very busy. She is too old now. Im so happy. She is quite right.2. 还用于同级比较的句型as + 原级+as(和一样)，以及not as / so+ 原级+as (不如; 与不一样)中。 The book is as interesting as that one.这本书与那本书一样有趣。He is not as tall as I. 他不如我高。 Linda didnt sing so / as clearly as Kate.二、形容词、副词的比较级.最高级的构成。(一)、 单音节形容词、副词.1.一般结尾加er.或est tall-_slow-_ quiet-_ quick-_ long-_ few-_ short-_ clean-_ loud-_2. 以字母e结尾的词，在词尾加r. 或加st fine finer, latelater nicenicer widewider3. 双写末尾的字母，再加er. 或加est red-_slim(苗条的)-_ big-_ fat-_ wet-_ hot-_ thin-_(二)、双音节和部分多音节形容词、副词.1.以ow、er、ble结尾的双音节形容词、副词加er或est构成比较级; 最高级 narrow(狭窄的)-_ clever(聪明的)-_ able(有能力的)-_ 2. 以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节形容词、副词变y为i, 在加er 或est.easy-_ happy-_ lucky-_ lovely-_ friendly-_ busy-_ noisy-_ lazy-_ early-_ funny-_ 3、“形容词ly”构成的双音节和多音节副词;由ing分词和ed分词演变过来的双音节和多音节形容词,在前面加more或most构成比较级。最高级。slowly-_ quietly-_ loudly-_ quickly-_happily-_ easily-_ tired-_ tiring -_ interesting-_ interested-_ relaxed-_relaxing-_ bored-_ boring-_excited-_ exciting-_ 4.以ful结尾的双音节和多音节形容词，在前面加more或most构成比较级.最高级。careful(小心的)-_ wonderful-_ useful(有用的)-_ helpful(有益的)-_ beautiful-_(三)、多音节形容词、副词在在前面加more或most构成比较级.最高级。expensive-_ important-_ popular-_different-_ differently-_ hard-working-_(四)、不规则变化（见教材P114）. good / well-_ bad / badly /(坏) ill(病的)-_ many / much-_old(老的；旧的) -_ old (兄弟姐妹间的长幼关系)-_far-_(距离上的“更远”) far-_(程度上的“进一步的”)little(很少；几乎没有)-_ My elder brother is two years older than I口诀：合二为一共三对, “坏、病”、“两多”并“两好”； 一分为二有两个，一是“远来”、二是“老”； 还有一词含双义，只记“少”来不记“小”。三、形容词、副词的比较级的用法。 1.两者相比（AB，即A比B更.）,用“比较级than”表示.注意比较的对象要一致。 句型：A + 谓语动词+比较级+ than+ B This lesson is more difficult than that one. 这篇课文比那篇更难。Jim jumped higher than Tom. Jim比Tom跳得高 I have longer hair than Mike.2.在形容词的比较级前可以添加修饰词来加强语气：much，a lot，far，(得多）;a little，a bit(一点儿);even(甚至)等词。Today is a little colder than yesterday. 今天比昨天冷得多。Tom is much more outgoing tham Jim . Tom比Jim外向得多。3.表示“不如”，除了用“not as / so+ 原级+as”结构外，还可用“less(加more 构成的比较级的形容词、副词的)原级than”结构She is less hard-working than me.= She is not as hard-working as me.她不如我勤奋。The story is less interesting than that one. = The story isnt so interesting as that one.这个故事不如那个故事有趣”4.Who / Which + be +比较级 ,A or B ? Who / Which + be +最高级 ,A Bor C ? Who is taller,Tom or John?Which is easier, English or Chinese? Which is more expensive, a bicycle or a computer?5. the+ 比较级 + of the two. (两个之中比较的那一个)Tom is the taller of the two. = Tom is taller than the other boy.The apple is bigger of the two. 6. the+比较级., the+比较级., 表示 越. ,就越.。 The more you study, the more you know. 你学的越多, 就知道的越多。7.形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级 , 表示 越来越. 。 The computer is cheaper and cheaper. The weather is getting colder and colder. Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.8.表示“大几岁、高多少”等时，常用“ 数量词+ 比较级+ than” She is three years older than I . 她比我大三岁。9. of 短语或in短语，用最高级。例如of the three. Of us of them of all of the boys .in his class. In China （注意；of后加two才用比较级）10. 比较级和最高级的结构可以互换，但意思不变。例如:Jim is taller than anyone else in his class.=Jim is the tallest in his class.11. 当某一人.物语其他人。物作比较，被比较着不能包括本身，例如;Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.Shanghai is larger than any city in Australia.12. 如果比较对象相同，可用that/those代替第二个比较对象,例如The weaThe weather in Shanghai. is better than that in Wuhan.The units in Book are much easier than those in Book 4 Practice:1. Mary did _(badly) in the exam than Peter.2. Spring is the _(good )time to plant trees.3. China has the first _(large）population人口in the world.4. The motto(谚语)of the Olmpic Games is “_._._”(fast .high .strong)5. Of the two skirts ,Lucy chose选择_-one。A less expensive B.the least expensive C.the less expensive.C.the less expensive D the most expensive6. The mountain is as _as 8844.43meters(high)7. The camer is _it says.(不好）8. 他是我们班第二高的男孩9. -What do you think of her spoken English?_-_Oh,no one speaks _(好）10. If there are _people driving,there will be_air polution.