新建MicrosoftWord文档1.doc

How to Read a Text (Part)Reading with understanding depends on the interplay (相互作用)of three factors (因素):vocabulary, structure (grammar), and meaning; in other words, successful comprehension depends on ones actual command (掌握) of the language. But generally a good knowledge of reading techniques or skills will not only make reading easier ,but also help improve reading comprehension to a certain extent(程度).It is advisable(可取的) to read a comprehension passage at least twice : the first time ,to obtain（获得） a general impression（印象） of the text , and then a second time to concentrate on the important details(细节) . Sometimes a third time is necessary-to check items that caused difficulty.First Reading Read the following text once, at your normal speed , trying to get a good general idea of what the passage is about , then do Exercise A. Words to know person 人active 积极的 take an active part in 积极参加struggle 斗争;奋斗condition 条件;状况form (使)组成，建立；trade 商业，贸易；行业union 联合；联合会；团结trade union 工会organize 组织 建立组织call on 号召take up 从事good-looking 相貌好看的fair （头发）浅色的；金黄色的hate 憎恨；不愿，不喜欢fearless 不怕的，无畏的fighter 战士 class 阶级the working class 工人阶级soul 灵魂；精华；中心人物rid 使摆脱；去掉get rid o f 除掉，去掉murder 谋杀bring out 提供，推出murderer 杀人犯，凶手try 审问，审判sentence 判决，宣判death 死sentence someone to deadth 宣判某人死刑shoot 射击；射中；射死keep up 坚持；不使（斗志等低落）all over the world 遍及全国waste 浪费 无用的；废弃的to this day 直到今天 JOE HILLYou may know the song about Joe Hill. But do you know that the song was written about a real person?Here is the story of Joe Hill.He was born in Sweden in 1879. When he was in his twenties he went to the United States and became a worker. At that time, things were hard for the workers. Joe took an active part in the workers struggles for better pay and better conditions. He helped to form trade unions. He spoke at meetings and organized strikes. Joe was a good musician and at the meetings he sang and played the piano. He himself wrote the words and music of the songs. Many of these songs called on the workers to take up the struggle.Joe Hill was a tall, thin, good-looking man. He had fair hair and blue eyes. His comrades liked him, but the bosses hated him, because they were afraid of his work among the workers and afraid of his songs. He was a fearless fighter for the working class.In 1915 Joe Hill led a strike in Salt Lake City .The bosses knew that Joe was the soul if the strike and decided to get rid of him. They needed an excuse and they soon found one. One day a man was murdered . The bosses then brought out a man who said that Joe was the murderer. Joe was tried and sentenced to death. He was shot on November 19, 1915. Even while he was in prison, Joe Hill went on writing songs to keep up the workers fight. Just before he was killed, he sent a message to his comrades all over the country. These were his last words: “Dont waste time mourning .Organize.”On the day he was killed, a speaker at a big meeting said: “Joe Hill isnt dead! He will never die! ” To this day his name is remembered by fighting workers in the United States.Exercise AAnswer the following questions without turning back to the passage. You may answer in a word, a phrase, or a complete sentence, just to see whether you have got a general idea of the passage. If you find it somewhat easy to answer these questions, it may mean that you can increase your reading speed; if you have much difficulty with the exercise, it probably means that you should have read a bit more slowly: adjust the rate or reading to suit your case.1. Do you know the song about Joe Hill?2. Where and when was Joe Hill born?3. Where did he go when he was in his twenties?4. What did he do in the workers struggles?5. Was Joe a musician? How did he make use of songs in the workers struggles?6. Why did the bosses hate him?7. In what city did Joe Hill lead a strike in 1915?8. Why did the bosses decide to get rid of him? What did they do then?9. What did Joe go on doing even while he was in prison?10. What were his last words?Second Reading Now read the passage again .This time ,try to remember the important details and pay due (适当的)attention to points that seem difficult .If there is a word you are not familiar with ,do not waste too much time worrying about what it might mean. Just look at what comes before and after ,make an intelligent guess and then go on .When you have finished the second reading ,do the following multiple choice(多项选择) exercise .1. Joe took an active part in the workers struggles for better pay and better conditions.A. his own work B. better pay C. better conditions D. both B and C 2. Why did he himself write the words and music of the songs? A. Because he was a good musician.B. Because he didnt believe others .C. Because others couldnt do it .D. Because others werent interested in it. 3. Why did his comrade like him ?A. He took an active part in the workers struggles for better pay and better conditions.B. He was a tall, thin, good-looking man.C. He helped to form trade unions.D. Probably all of above .How to Read a Text (Part)Read the passage once to get an overall (总的) impression of what it is about,and then reread it concentrating in the details. First Reading Carefully read the following text at your normal speed. After the first reading, do Exercise A. ENGLISH AROUND THE WORLD English is a language spoken all around the world .There are more than 42countries where the majority of the people speak English .Most native speakers of English are found in the United Kingdom ,the United states of America ,Canada ,Australia ,South Africa ,Ireland and New Zealand. In total, for more than 375 million people English is their mother tongue. An equal number of people learn English as a second language .These people will perhaps speak the language of their own country at home with their family , but the language of the government ,schools ,newspapers and TV is English .this situation is found in countries such as India ,Pakistan, Nigeria and the Philippines. However, the number of people who learn English as a foreign language is more than 750 million. Everywhere in the world children go to school to learn English. Most people learn English for five or six years at high school. In china students learn English at school as a foreign language,except for those in Hong Kong ,where many people speak English as a first or a second language . In only fifty years ,English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world. English is the working language of most international organizations, international trade and tourism. Businessmen and tourists often come to China without being able to speak Chinese .Chinese businessmen, taxi drivers and students talk with them using English .English is also the language of global culture, such as popular music and the Internet. You can listen to English songs on the radio or use English to communicate with people around the world through the Internet. With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English. Exercise A Answer the following questions without looking back at the text. You can answer in a word ,a short phrase or a complete sentence ,just as you like. 1. In which countries do we find most native speakers of English? Give the names of three countries.2. Do people who learn English as a second language speak the language of their own country at home with their family ?3. Do students in Hong Kong learn English as a foreign language ?4. Is English the working language of most international organizations, international trade and tourism ?5. Why do businessmen and tourists often come to China without being able to speak Chinese?6. Do think people learn English by book?Second Reading Now reread the text, concentrating on the details. Then complete exercise B & C. Exercise B True or false?Here are a set of statement about the text: some true and some false. If you think a statement is true, put a check mark before or after it; if you think a statement is false, make whatever changes necessary to make out it true. 1. .There are less than 42countries where the majority of the people speak English.2. Most native speakers of English are only found in the United Kingdom.3. In total, for more than 750 mi