2015年英语选修6.1 Art 导学案(人教版).doc

Unit 1Art教 材 面 面 观单词拓展1._adj.现实主义的；逼真的；现实的_v实现_n现实2_adj.抽象的；深奥的n.摘要_adv.抽象地；深奥地(反义词)_adj.具体的3_adj.典型的；有代表性的_adv.典型地_n典型性；特征4_adj.明显的；明白的_n明显；明白；证据；形迹_adj.证据的；证明的5_vt.采用；采纳；收养_adj.可采用的；可收养的_n采用；收养6_vt.拥有；具有；支配_n所有；财产_adj.所有的；占有的7_n巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合_adj.同时发生的；巧合的；一致的；符合的8_n努力；尝试；企图vt.尝试；企图_adj.可以尝试的9_vt.预言；预告；预测_adj.可预言的；可预报的_n预言；预告；预报10_adj.确切的；特定的_adv.特别地；明确地；尤其_n特性；特征11_n展览；陈列；展览会_v展览；陈列；展出12_adj.敢作敢为的；侵略的；好斗的_v挑衅；攻击；侵略_n侵略；侵略行为_n侵略者13_n喜爱；偏爱_v宁愿；更喜欢_adj.更可取的；更好的14_n文明；文化；文明社会_v使开化；使文明教化_adj.文明的；有礼的15_adj.永久的；持久的短语回顾1.concentrate._集中于2a great_ 大量3_the other hand 另一方面4_the flesh 活着的；本人5be_ 值得(做)，有的价值6_to 对有吸引力7_the time 一直；始终8_coincidence 巧合地9break_from 挣脱；脱离10_the style of 以方式句型背诵1.The first person _ use perspective in his paintings was Masaccio in 1428.1428年，马萨乔成为第一个在绘画中使用透视手法的人。2Artists were not interested in showing nature and people _ they really are.艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。3_the rules of perspective_ _ _discovered，no one_ _ _able to paint such realistic pictures.如果没有发现透视法，就没有人能画出如此逼真的画。4_the new paints and the new technique，we_not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能看到很多这一时期著名的杰作。5.the painter does not attempt to paint objects_we see them with our eyes.画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来6_ the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the impressionists who lived and worked in Paris.在这些脱离传统绘画风格的画家中就有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派艺术家们。自我诊断单词拓展1realistic；realise；reality2.abstract；abstractly；concrete3.typical；typically；typicality4.evident；evidence；evidential5adopt；adoptable；adoption6.possess；possession；possessive7.coincidence；coincident8.attempt；attemptable9.predict；predictable；prediction10.specific；specifically；specificity11.exhibition；exhibit12.aggressive；aggress；aggression；aggressor13.preference；prefer；preferable14civilization；civilize；civilized15.permanent短语回顾1on2.deal3.on4.in5.worth6.appeal7.all8by9.away10.in句型背诵1to2.as3.If；had not been；would have been4Without；would5.as6.Among考 点 串 串 讲重点单词1.belief n信念；想念；信仰I havent much belief in his honesty.我对他的诚实缺乏足够的信心。He acted in accordance with his beliefs.他按照自己的信念行事。He came to me in the belief that I could help him.他到我这里来，相信我能帮助他。归纳延伸beyond belief(因太大、太难、太可怕等)难以置信的，不可思议的in the belief that相信believe v.believer n笃信者，教徒believable adj.可信的believably adv.可信地unbelievable adj.难以置信的即境活用完成句子She has lost her _(相信)God.She is a strong _(教徒)in Christian.翻译句子你相信有鬼吗？_答案：belief inbelieverDo you believe in ghosts？2adopt vt.采用；采纳；收养(1)adopt an approach/a strategy/a policy采用某方法/战略/政策(2)adopted adj.领养的My mother was adopted when she was four.我母亲四岁时被人领养。Our school has adopted a new teaching method.我们学校采用了一种新的教学法。His adopted son went abroad last week.他的养子上周出国了。易混辨析adopt/adapt这两个单词仅有一个字母之差，要注意含义的区别。adopt采用，采纳，收养；正式通过adapt改编；使适应即境活用单项填空French fashionable dress has been _ by people in many parts of the world.AadoptingBadoptedCadapted Dadapting答案：B3appeal vi.有感染力；呼吁；求助vt.将上诉n呼吁；恳求(1) appeal (to sb.) for sth.呼吁appeal to sb.吸引某人appeal to sb. to do sth.恳求/呼吁某人做某事(2)make/launch an appeal发出呼吁The police are appealing to the public for information about the crime.警方呼吁公众提供有关这宗罪案的信息。Does the idea of working abroad appeal to you?你对出国工作的主意感兴趣吗？Bob launched an urgent appeal for the famine victims.鲍勃发出了援助饥民的紧急呼吁。用法拓展appealing adj.有吸引力的，有趣的；求助的；恳求的The large salary made their offer even more appealing to him.高薪使他们的提议对他更具有吸引力。即境活用单项填空Its a reference book intended to _ mainly to students of grade three.AappealBattachCcontribute DreferTeaching as a career _ to many people because of the long holidays.Aattracts BcallsCappeals Dpulls答案：AC4value v估计；评价 n价值；重要性This dictionary is of little value to you.这本词典对你没有什么价值。I value this necklace at $5,000.我估计这条项链五千美元。The true worth of Shakespeares plays cannot be measured by their value to the commercial theater.莎士比亚剧的真正价值是不能用剧场的商业价值来衡量的。用法拓展be of great/little/some/no value to sb.对某人有很大/没什么/有些/毫无价值family/moral/traditional values家庭/道德/传统观念valuable adj.值钱的，贵重的valueless adj.无价值的，不重要的invaluable adj.无法估计的，无价的即境活用单句改错The precious stone is of very value._The value to the American dollar has fallen._The house values at $30,000._答案：very改为greatto改为ofvalues改为is valued5attempt v试图；企图；尝试 n努力；尝试；企图They attempted to finish the work within a month.他们试图在一个月内完成这项工作。They made an attempt to pass the exam，but it was too difficult.他们试图通过考试，但考试太难了。This is my first attempt at English composition.这是我第一次尝试写英语作文。用法拓展in an attempt to力图，试图make an attempt to do sth.试图做某事attempt to do sth.make an attempt on ones life试图杀害某人give up an attempt放弃尝试a successful attempt成功的尝试易混辨析attempt与tryattempt意为“企图；试图；尝试”，该词较为正式，多用于书面语，常含有表示希望成功，但不一定取得预期的结果之意，常译为“妄图，企图”。try意为“尝试，试用”，适用范围很广，含有通过各种方法，尽力把事情做好或达到目的之意。即境活用单项填空A man is being questioned in relation to the_murder last night.AadvisedBattendedCattempted DadmittedHe_to escape from the prison，but he couldnt find anybody to help him.Asucceeded BattemptedCadvised Doffered答案：CB6consequently adv.所以；因而He overslept，consequently he was late.他睡过头了，结果迟到了。It rained heavily that day and consequently the baseball game was called off.那天雨下得很大，所以棒球比赛取消了。用法拓展consequentlyas a result所以；因而；结果consequent adj.作为结果的；随之发生的be consequent on/upon随发生的；是的后果；由引起consequence n结果；后果；重要性be of no consequence to sb.对无关紧要as a consequencein consequenceconsequently因而；结果in consequence ofas a consequence of由于；因为As a/In consequence of your laziness and rudeness，I am forced to dismiss you.由于你的懒惰和粗野，我不得不辞退你。Its of no consequence to me.这对我来说无关紧要。You made the wrong decision，and now you must take the consequences.你做出了错误的决定，现在你必须承担后果。Severe flooding was consequent on the heavy rain.大洪水是由大雨所致。即境活用单项填空Many houses were completely destroyed in the earthquake which struck Sichuan Province last year._，the victims had to live in the temporary shelters offered by the government.AAs a result ofBAs a consequenceCAs usualDAs forHe withdrew from political life and_he was soon forgotten.Aas a consequence ofBas a consequenceCas a result ofDas result答案：BB7possess vt.占有；拥有；具有；支配Fear possessed him and prevented him from moving.恐惧支配着他，使他无法动弹。用法拓展possess sb.of sth.使某人占有(拥有)某物possess oneself自制；保持镇定possess ones soul/mind in patience耐心等待be possessed with/by an idea一心想着一个念头be possessed of拥有；占有；具有possession n所有；占有；(pl.)所有物；财产；possessor n所有人；持有人personal possessions个人财产take possession of占有；拥有He is possessed of good health.他拥有健康的体魄。I couldnt get possession of the ball.我拿不到控球权。We lost all our possessions in the terrible earthquake.在可怕的地震中我们失去了所有财产。The soldiers took possession of the enemys base.士兵们攻取了敌人的堡垒。易混辨析in possession of和in the possession ofin possession of“占有；拥有；持有”；主语是人，拥有某物，表示主动，强调状态。in sbs possession/in the possession of sb.“为某人所有”；主语是物，为某人所有，表示被动，强调状态。He was found in possession of some dangerous drugs.他被发现持有危险的毒品。温馨提示注意有些短语使用冠词和不使用冠词所表达的意义不同：in hospital(因病)住院；in the hospital在医院(工作、参观等)in front of在前面(指物体之外)，in the front of在前面(指物体之内)in charge负责；主管；in the charge由负责in control控制； in the control被控制out of question没问题； out of the question不可能即境活用单项填空How did you_the old valuable house?It used to be_my uncle.He left it to me in his will.Atake possession of；in possession ofBtake the possession of；in the possession ofCtake possession of；in the possession ofDtake the possession of；in possession of答案：C8aim n瞄准；目标，目的 v瞄准，对准用法拓展with the aim of doing.目标是干take aim(at)瞄准achieve ones aim达到目的without aim漫无目的aim at/for sth.力求达到；致力于；对准，瞄准aim to do sth.旨在做某事即境活用单项填空The farmer built long fences，_keeping the wild dogs out of them.Aaim at Baim forCaiming at Daimed forAdvertisers and service providers take_at the mobile phone users in Fuzhou University Town.Aaim BgoalCobject Dpurpose答案：C由句子结构看，此处需非谓语动词，排除A、B两项；又因为the farmer与aim at/for形成逻辑上的主谓关系，因此用现在分词作状语。A句意为：广告商和服务商都把目标瞄准在福州大学城里的手机用户。take aim at“瞄准”。goal“目标”；purpose“目的，意图”；object“物体，目的”。9typical adj.典型的；有代表性的Its typical of him to be so rude.他一向粗鲁无礼。用法拓展(1)a typical character典型人物(2)a typical 18th century church典型的18世纪教堂(3)Its typical of sb. to(be/do.)通常，一向；是某人的特点(4)typically adv.典型地；向来；一向(5)typicality n典型性；特征(6)typify vt.作为的典型；代表；具有的特征The book is typical of its kind.这本书在同类书籍中有典型性。It is typical of him to take a deaf ear to advice.对他人建议置若罔闻是他的特点。Typically, he would come in late and then say he was sorry.他这个人每次总是晚到，然后再说抱歉。10shadow n阴影；影子As the sun set，the shadows became longer.太阳落山时，影子就变长了。易混辨析(1)shadow指因挡住强光而形成的黑影子。此时shadow为可数名词。(2)shade指任何遮住阳光的地方。此时shade为不可数名词。常见短语：put sb./sth. in the shade.使某人(某事物)相形失色。shade sb./sth. (from sth.)给某人(某物)遮住光线，给某人(某物)阴凉shade (off) into sth.(尤指颜色)逐渐变成(其他颜色)Under the floodlights, each player in the football match has four shadows.在泛光灯下，足球比赛中的每个球员都有四个黑影。Lets find some shade and take a rest.我们找个阴凉处歇一会儿吧。The trees give some welcome shade from the sun.这些树遮住了阳光，很舒适凉快。即境活用单项填空She _ her eyes (from the sun) with her hand.AshadedBshadowedCprevented Dstopped答案：A11predict vt.预言；预告；预测The expert predicts that there will be an earthquake in that area in the near future.专家预测不久的将来那个地区将有一次地震。They predicted great things for the boy.他们预言这孩子有出息。I cant predict when to meet her again.我无法预测什么时候会再见到她。用法拓展(1)prediction n预言；预测；预示(2)predictable adj.可预言的；可预测的；可预示的(3)predictor n测位器；预言家(4)predict rain for tomorrow预报明天有雨(5)Predict that sth. will happen.预料某事将会发生。(6)前缀pre表示“在之前，预先”。又如：precaution n预防措施；preceding adj.在先的，在前的；predecessor n前任，前辈；preface n. & vt.(作为的)序言，前言；premature adj.提前的，过早的；prepare vt. & vi.准备，预备；preview n. & vt.预习，预演；previous adj.先前的，以前的Do you take seriously his prediction of a government defeat?他预料政府要受挫，你认为这话靠得住吗？易混辨析predict, foretell与forecast这三个词都可作“预言，预测”解。predict最为常用，含义最广，既可表示猜测，也可表示有根据地、准确地预言，有时它可以代替其他两个词；foretell侧重表示有根据地“预言，推测”，更强调有线索；forecast和predict一样，含义广泛，既可“预测”具体的事物，又可“预言”抽象的事物，尤其用于“预测天气”。She predicted that the improvement would continue.她预测情况将会继续好转。No one could have foretold such strange things.谁也没有料到会发生这些奇怪的事情。They forecast that it will rain tomorrow.他们预报说明天有雨。即境活用单项填空No one can _ how the election will turn out, as there are many unknown facts.AprotectBprepareCprevent Dpredict答案：D12preference n喜爱；偏爱Wine or beer? Which is your preference?要葡萄酒还是啤酒？你比较喜欢哪一样？用法拓展(1)have a preference for sth. to/over sth.喜欢胜过/甚于(2)ones preference is for.rather than.喜欢而不是(3)in preference to优先于；喜爱甚于(4)prefer v喜爱；偏爱(5)prefer to do sth.偏爱做某事(6)prefer doing sth.偏爱做某事(7)prefern./doing sth.ton./doing sth.喜欢胜过(8)prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.would rather do sth. than do sth.喜欢而不是He has a preference for tea to/over coffee.他喜欢茶甚于咖啡。His preference was for brandy rather than whisky.他比较喜欢的是白兰地而不是威士忌。Id choose the small car in preference to the large one.我会选那辆小车，而不会选那辆大的。I prefer comedy to tragedy.我喜欢喜剧，不喜欢悲剧。重点短语1.a great deala good deal大量，许多，该短语可以用作名词或者副词。(1)(名词短语)“大量，许多”，作主语、宾语(2)(副词短语)“大量地，非常多地”，修饰动词或者比较级Your friendship means a great deal to me.你的友谊对我极为珍贵。He has a great deal to attend to today.他今天有许多事要处理。I felt a great deal better.我感到好多了。I saw him a great deal.我经常见到他。用法拓展a great deal of大量的；非常多的，修饰不可数名词deal with对付；应付A great deal of her money goes for rent.她的钱大部分用在租房子上面。How did you deal with it?你是怎么处理的？用法拓展用于修饰比较级的词或者短语还有：much, many, rather, far, a lot, a little, a bit, even, still, by far, any等。即境活用完成句子Our life is _ than it used to be.我们的生活比过去幸福多了。答案：a great deal happier2break away from脱离；摆脱They tried to break away from the Party.他们企图脱离该党。Cant you break away from your old habits?你不能改掉旧习惯吗？归纳延伸break down失灵，(机器、电力等)出故障break into强行闯入break off停止讲话即境活用完成句子她无法摆脱他的影响。She couldnt _ his influence.南方诸州未能从联盟中脱离出去。The southern states failed to _ the Union.答案：break away frombreak away from3scores of许多，大量I have heard that scores of times.那件事我已经听过很多遍了。用法拓展scores of数十by scores数以十计；大批大批具有类似用法的短语：of Scores of people attended the special performance.很多人参加那个特殊的演出。A score of people were present at the party.有20人参加了聚会。Two score of those people wanted to fly there.那些人中有40人想乘飞机去那儿。温馨提示scores of修饰名词复数；score用在数词之后时，不用复数形式，可以与of连用，但of也可省略。如：three score(of)eggs；score n(比赛的)得分；通常用单数形式。即境活用单项填空Shortly after the accident，two_police were sent to the spot to keep order.Athe score of BscoresCscore Dscores of答案：C4on the other hand(可是)另一方面I want to go to the party，but on the other hand I ought to be studying.我想去参加聚会，但从另一方面来说，我应该留下来学习。用法拓展固定搭配：on(the)one hand.on the other(hand)一方面，另一方面；一方面，但是for one thing.for another.一则；再则on hand现有的，手头上的，即将发生的On the one hand I want to sell the house，but on the other hand I cant bear the thought of moving.一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面我又不想搬家。易混辨析on the other hand和on the contraryon the other hand表示另一方面新的或不同的事实。on the contrary表示完全不赞同别人说的，意思为“正好相反，恰恰相反”。It rarely rains in the desert, but on the other hand it rains a lot in the coastal areas.沙漠里几乎不下雨，可另一方面沿海地区却雨水充沛。Does it rain a lot in the desert?On the contrary，it hardly ever rains.沙漠里下雨多吗？恰恰相反，几乎从不下雨。即境活用单项填空Have you nearly finished?_，we have just begun.AAbove all BAfter allCOn the contrary DOn the other handI didnt like the story，_，its too long，also it was written by a writer I dont know.Afor one thing Bfor a thingCalthough Din one hand答案：CA5by coincidence巧合地用法拓展coincide vi.同时发生，巧合coincide with与巧合coincident adj.同时发生的；与一致的；巧合的be coincident with与一致；与同时发生by chance偶然；碰巧by accident偶然；碰巧即境活用完成句子_ _ _(多巧啊)it was that I was in Paris at the same time as you!_ _(巧合地)，we met the person whom I had been looking for.答案：What a coincidenceBycoincidence重点句式1.There are scores of modern art styles, but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exist.现代艺术风格有好几十种，然而如果没有印象派，那么这许多不同的风格就不会存在。without.介词短语引导的虚拟语气。在虚拟语气句型中，可以用but for, without等介词短语替代条件状语从句。But for the rain, we should have a pleasant journey.要不是这场雨，我们会有一次非常愉快的旅行。Without air, there would be no living things.没有空气，就没有生物。即境活用单项填空Without your help, I _ the exam last term.Awould have failed inBwouldnt failCwill have failed inDfailed in答案：A2What would you rather do.你宁愿做什么would rather意为“宁愿”，表选择，后接不带to的动词不定式。Would you rather work on a farm?你宁愿在农场工作吗？Wouldnt you rather stay here?No，I would not.Id rather go there.难道你不愿意待在这儿吗？是的，我不愿意。我宁愿去那儿。由于would rather表选择，因而后可接than；还可以表示主观的愿望。would rather do.than.宁愿而不愿I would rather work on a farm than in a factory.我宁愿在农场而不是在工厂工作。would ratherthat从句宁愿Id rather you didnt talk about this to anyone.我宁愿你没有对任何人谈起此事。(虚拟语气，事实上谈起过)即境活用完成句子我多希望这不是你干的。I would rather you_.我宁愿失去很多樱桃树，也不愿你向我撒谎。I would rather_dozens of cherry trees_that you_me a lie.答案：had not done itlose; than; should tell3Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists，who lived and worked in Paris.在这些脱离传统绘画风格的画家中就有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派艺术家们。此句是一个倒装句，正常语序应为“The Impressionists who lived and worked in Paris were among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting.”此句为表语部分提前而引起的倒装。例如：Sitting at the back of the room was a shy girl with two big eyes.一个腼腆的长着两只大眼睛的女孩坐在屋子的后面。Gone are the days when women were looked down upon.妇女受歧视的年代一去不复返了。即境活用单项填空Present at the meeting_.AMr. Liu was，who taught us EnglishBwas Mr. Liu，who taught us EnglishCwas who taught us English，Mr.LiuDMr.Liu，who taught us English，wasI can think of many cases_students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.Awhy BwhichCas Dwhere答案：BD4The first person to use perspective in his paintings was Masaccio in 1428.1428年，马萨乔成为第一个在绘画中使用透视手法的人。to use perspective为不定式短语作后置定语，修饰the first person。不定式作定语时，与所修饰的词之间有三种关系，即主谓关系、动宾关系和同位关系，本句是主谓关系。He is always the first one to come to our classroom.他总是第一个到教室。(主谓关系)On Sundays，we havent much work to do.星期天我们没有太多的工作可做。(动宾关系)Every child should have a chance to go to school.每一个孩子都应该有上学的机会。(同位关系)考点归纳现在分词或短语作定语时与所修饰的词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。过去分词或短语作定语时与所修饰的词之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系，表示该动作的被动和完成。动词不定式作定语多表示将来的动作。即境活用单项填空Th