英国文学史诗歌分析.doc

Analysis of Poems English Literature1. Sonnet 18 -William ShakespeareShall I compare thee to a summers day? (Could I compare you to the time of summer?)Thou art more lovely and more temperate: (You are more lovely and more gentle and mild than the days)(Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, (The wild winds shakes the favorite flowers of May. )And summers lease hath all too short a date: (And the duration of summer has a limited period of time)Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, (Sometimes the sun shining is too hot. )And often is his gold complexion dimmed; (Or often goes behind the clouds.) And every fair from fair sometime declines, (And everything beautiful will lose its beauty.)By chance or natures changing course untrimmed; (By misfortune or by natures planned out course)But thy eternal summer shall not fade ,(But your youth shall not fade)Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst;(Nor will you lose the beauty that you possessed)Nor shall Death brag thou wanderrest in his shade, (Nor will death claim you for his own)When in eternal lines to time thou growst(Because in my eternal verse you will live forever)So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,(So long as the men can live in the world with sight and breath)So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. (This poem will exist and you will live in forever.)a) The author of the poem is William Shakespeare .It is a typical English sonnet, the rhyme scheme of the poem is “abab cdcd efef gg”.b) On the surface the poem is simply a statement to praise the beauty of the young man. But the more important is the poet wants to show the power of the poem which can defy time and last forever. The stability of love and its power to immortalize the subject of the poets verse is the theme.2. On His Blindness -John MiltonWhen I consider how my light is spent 想到了在这茫茫黑暗的世界里Ere half my days， in this dark world and wide 还未到半生这两眼就已失明，And that one talent which is death to hide ， 想到了我的才能，要是埋起来，Lodged with me useless, though my soul more bent 会招致死亡，却放在我手里无用，To serve therewith my Maker, and present 虽然我一心想用它服务造物主， My true account, lest He, returning chide； 免得报账时，得不到他的宽容；Doth God exact day-labor, light denied? 神不给我 光明，还让我做日工 ? 想到这， I fondly ask. But Patience, to prevent 我愚蠢地自问.但忍耐看我在抱怨， That murmur, soon replies, God doth not need 立刻止住我， 神并不要你工作， Either mans work or his own gifts.；Who best 或还他礼物。Bear his mild yoke, they serve him best. His state 谁最能服从他，谁就是忠于职守，Is kingly. Thousands at his bidding speed 他君临万方，只要他一声吩咐，And post oer land and ocean without rest: 万千个天使就赶忙在海陆奔驰，。They also serve who only stand and wait. 但侍立左右的，也还是为他服务a) The author of this poem is John Milton. The name of this poem is On His Blindness.b) It is a famous Italian Sonnet ,and the rhyme scheme of the poem is abba abba cde cde.c) The paraphrase of this poem :d) In the sonnet , the speaker meditates on the fact that he has become blind .He expresses his frustration at being prevented by his disability from serving God as well as he desires to . He is answered by “Patience,” who tells him that God has many who hurry to do his bidding , and does not really need mans work . What valued is the ability to bear Gods “mild yoke.” to tolerate whatever God asks faithfully and without complaint. This poem presents a carefully reasoned argument, on the basis of Christian faith, for the acceptance of physical impairment .The speaker learns that, rather than being an obstacle to his fulfillment of Gods work for him, his blindness is a part of that work, and that his achievement lies in living patiently with it. 3. I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud-William Wordsworth I wandered lonely as a cloud 我孤独地漫游，像一朵云 That floats on high oer vales and hills, 在山丘和谷地上飘荡， When all at once I saw a crowd, 忽然间我看见一群 A host, of golden daffodils; 金色的水仙花迎春开放， Beside the lake, beneath the trees, 在树荫下，在湖水边 ， Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. 迎着微风起舞翩翩。 Continuous as the stars that shine 绵不绝，如繁星灿烂， And twinkle on the milky way, 在 银河里闪闪发光， They stretched in never-ending line 它们沿着湖湾的边缘 Along the margin of a bay: 延伸成无穷无尽的一行； Ten thousand saw I at a glance, 我一眼看见了一万朵， Tossing their heads in sprightly dance. 在欢舞之中起伏颠簸。 The waves beside them danced; but they 粼粼波光也在跳着舞， Out-did the sparkling waves in glee: 水仙的欢欣却胜过水波； A poet could not but be gay, 与 这样快活的伴侣为伍， In such a jocund company: 诗人怎能不满心欢乐！ I gazed-and gazed-but little thought 我久久凝望，却想象不到 What wealth the show to me had brought: 这奇景赋予我多少财宝， For oft, when on my couch I lie 每当我躺在床上不眠， In vacant or in pensive mood, 或心神空茫，或默默沉思， They flash upon that inward eye 它们常在心灵中闪现， Which is the bliss of solitude; 那是孤独之中的福祉； And then my heart with pleasure fills, 于是我的心便涨满幸福， And dances with the daffodils. 和水仙一同翩翩起舞。a) This poem is written by William Wordsworth, its name is I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud.b) This poem is a lyric ballad poem, the rhyme scheme of this poem is “ababcc, efefgg, hihikk, lmlmnn”. Structure: Four Stanzas, each including 6 lines. Rhetoric: Simile, personification, alliteration.c) The paraphrase of this poem:d) This poem is about the natures beauty. With his pure and poetic language, Wordsworth brings us into a beautiful world where there are daffodils, trees and breeze. People sometimes fail to appreciate natures wonders as they go about their routines. But we fallow the poet at every turn of his feelings .We share his melancholy when he “wandered lonely as a cloud” and his delight of the moment his heart “with pleasure fills”. We come to realize the great power of nature that may influence our life deeply as revealed in the poem.4. Ode to the West Wind-Percy Bysshe ShellyI O wild West Wind, thou breath of autumns being, Thou, from whose unseen presence the leaves dead Are driven, like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing, Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red, Pestilence-stricken multitudes: O thou, Who chariotest to their dark wintry bed The winged seeds, where they lie cold and low, Each like a corpse within its grave, until Thine azure sister of the Spring shall blow Her clarion oer the dreaming earth, and fill (Driving sweet buds like flocks to feed in air) With living hues and odours plain and hill: Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere; Destroyer and preserver; hear, oh hear!II Thou on whose stream, mid the steep skys commotion, Loose clouds like earths decaying leaves are shed, Shook from the tangled boughs of Heaven and Ocean, Angels of rain and lightning: there are spread On the blue surface of thine a:ery surge, Like the bright hair uplifted from the head Of some fierce Maenad, even from the dim verge Of the horizon to the zeniths height, The locks of the approaching storm. Thou dirge Of the dying year, to which this closing night Will be the dome of a vast sepulchre, Vaulted with all thy congregated might Of vapours, from whose solid atmosphere Black rain, and fire, and hail will burst: oh hear!III Thou who didst waken from his summer dreams The blue Mediterranean, where he lay, Lulled by the coil of his crystalline streams, Beside a pumice isle in Baiaes bay, And saw in sleep old palaces and towers Quivering within the waves intenser day, All overgrown with azure moss and flowers So sweet, the sense faints picturing them! Thou For whose path the Atlantics level powers Cleave themselves into chasms, while far below The sea-blooms and the oozy woods which wear The sapless foliage of the ocean, know Thy voice, and suddenly grow gray with fear, And tremble and despoil themselves: oh hear!IV If I were a dead leaf thou mightest bear; If I were a swift cloud to fly with thee; A wave to pant beneath thy power, and share The impulse of thy strength, only less free Than thou, O uncontrollable! If even I were as in my boyhood, and could be The comrade of thy wanderings over Heaven, As then, when to outstrip thy skiey speed Scarce seemd a vision; I would neer have striven As thus with thee in prayer in my sore need. Oh, lift me as a wave, a leaf, a cloud! I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed! A heavy weight of hours has chaind and bowd One too like thee: tameless, and swift, and proud.V Make me thy lyre, even as the forest is: What if my leaves are falling like its own! The tumult of thy mighty harmonies Will take from both a deep, autumnal tone, Sweet though in sadness. Be thou, Spirit fierce, My spirit! Be thou me, impetuous one! Drive my dead thoughts over the universe Like witherd leaves to quicken a new birth! And, by the incantation of this verse, Scatter, as from an unextinguishd hearth Ashes and sparks, my words among mankind! Be through my lips to unawakend earth The trumpet of a prophecy! O Wind, If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?Translation一 哦，狂野的西风，秋之实体的气息！ 由于你无形无影的出现，万木萧疏， 似鬼魅逃避驱魔巫师，蔫黄，黢黑， 苍白，潮红，疫疠摧残的落叶无数， 四散飘舞；哦，你又把有翅的种籽 凌空运送到他们黑暗的越冬床圃； 仿佛是一具具僵卧在坟墓里的尸体， 他们将分别蛰伏，冷落而又凄凉， 直到阳春你蔚蓝的姐妹向梦中的大地 吹响她嘹亮的号角（如同牧放群羊 驱送香甜的花蕾到空气中觅食就饮） 给高山平原注满生命的色彩和芬芳。 不羁的精灵，你啊，你到处运行； 你破坏，你也保存，听，哦，听！二 在你的川流上，在骚动的高空， 纷乱的乌云，那雨和电的天使， 正象大地凋零枯散的落叶无穷， 挣脱天空和海洋交情缠接的柯枝， 漂流奔泻；在你清虚的波涛表面， 似酒神女祭司头上扬起的蓬勃青丝。 从那茫茫地平线阴暗的边缘 直到苍穹的绝顶，到处散步着 迫近的暴风雨飘摇翻腾的发卷。 你啊，垂死残年的挽歌，四合的夜幕 在你聚集的全部水汽威力的支撑下， 将构成他那庞大墓穴的拱形顶部。 从你那雄浑磅礴的氛围，将迸发 黑色的雨、火、冰雹；哦，听啊！三 你，哦，是你把蓝色的地中海 从梦中唤醒，他在一整个夏天 都酣睡在贝伊湾一座浮石岛外， 被澄澈的流水喧哗声催送入眠， 梦见了古代的楼台、塔堡和宫闱， 在强烈汹涌的波光里不住地抖颤， 全部长满了蔚蓝色苔藓和花卉， 馨香馥郁，如醉的知觉难以描摹。 哦，为了给你让路，大西洋水 豁然开裂，而在浩森波澜深处， 海底的花藻和枝叶无汁的丛林， 哦，由于把你的呼啸声辨认出， 一时都惨然变色，胆沐心惊， 战栗着自行凋落；听，哦，听！四 我若是一朵轻捷的浮云能和你同飞， 我若是一片落叶，你所能提携， 我若是一头波浪能喘息于你的神威， 分享你雄强的脉搏，自由不羁， 仅次于，哦，仅次于不可控制的你， 我若能象少年时，作为伴侣， 随你同游天际，因为在那时节， 似乎超越你天界的神速也不为奇迹； 我也就不至于象现在这样急切， 向你苦苦祈求。哦，快把我扬起， 就象你扬起的波浪、浮云、落叶！ 我倾覆于人生的荆棘！我在流血！ 岁月的重负压制着的这一个太象你， 象你一样，骄傲，不驯，而且敏捷。五 象你以森林演奏，请你也以我为琴， 哪怕我的叶片也象森林一样凋谢！ 你那非凡和谐的慷慨激越之情， 定能从森林和我同奏出深沉的秋乐， 悲怆却又甘洌。但愿你勇猛的精灵 竟是我的魂魄，我能成为剽悍的你！ 请把我枯萎的思绪播送宇宙， 就象你驱遣落叶催促新的生命， 请凭借我这韵文写就的符咒， 就象从未灭的余烬扬出炉灰和火星， 把我的话语传遍天地间万户千家， 通过我的嘴唇，向沉睡未醒的人境， 让预言的号角奏鸣！哦，风啊， 如果冬天来了，春天还会远吗？a) The author of the poem is Percy Bysshe Shelley . It is a famous Lyric. And the rhyme scheme of the poem is aba bcb cdc ded ee .b) The poem Ode to the West Wind consists of five sections written in terza rima. Each section consists of four tercets (ABA, BCB, CDC, DED) and a rhyming couplet (EE). The Ode is written in iambic pentameter.c) Analysis:Stanza 1:The west wind on the earth, The speaker invokes the “wind west wind” of autumn, which scatters the dead leaves and spreads seeds so that they may be nurturned by the spring, and asks that the wind , a “destroyer and Dreserver” hear him Stanza2.The west wind in the sky. The speaker calls the wind the “dirge of the dying year .” and describes how it stirs up violent storms, and again implores it to hear him .Stanza3:The west wind on the sea. The speaker says that the wind stirs the Mediterranean from “his summer dreams，” and cleaves the Atlantic into choppy chasms, Making the “sapless foliage” of the ocean tremble and asks for a third time that it hear him.Stanza4:The wish of Shelley. He pleads with the wind to lift him “ as a wave , a leaf , a cloud “ For though he is like the wind at heart ,untamable and proud . He is now chained and bored with the weight of his hours upon the earth.Sranza5:The wish of Shelly, He asks the wind, by the incantation of this verse , to scatter his words among mankind to be the “trumpet of a prophecy,” Speaking both in regard to the season and in regard to the effect upon mankind that he hopes his words to have , the speaker asks :If winter comes , can spring be far behind?”1-3 the activities of the wind: on the earth , in the sky , and on the sea.4- Expresses his envy for the boundless freedom of the west wind 5- Expresses his wish to be free like the wind and to scatter his words among mankind.5. My Last Duchess -Robert Browning Thats my last Duchess painted on the wall, 墙上的这幅面是我的前公爵夫人Looking as if she were alive. I call 看起来就像她活着一样。如今That piece a wonder, now: Fr Pandolfs hands 我称它为奇迹：潘道夫师的手笔Worked busily a day, and there she stands. 经一日忙碌，从此她就在此站立。Willt please you sit and look at her? I said 你愿坐下看看她吗？我有意提起Fr Pandolf by design, for never read 潘道夫，因为外来的生客（例如你）Strangers like you that pictured countenance, 凡是见了画中描绘的面容、The depth and passion of its earnest glance, 那真挚的眼神的深邃和热情，But to myself they turned (since none puts by 没有一个不转向我（因为除我外The curtain I have drawn for you, but I) 再 没有别人把画上的帘幕拉开）And seemed as they would ask me, if they durst, 似乎想问我可是又不大敢问；How such a glance came there; so, not the first 是从哪儿来的这样的眼神？Are you to turn and ask thus. Sir, t was not 你 并非第一个人回头这样问我。Her husbands presence only, called that spot 先生，不仅仅是她丈夫的在座Of joy into the Duchess cheek: perhaps 使公爵夫人面带欢容，可能Fr Pandolf chanced to say, Her mantle laps 潘道夫偶然说过：“夫人的披风Over my ladys wrist too much, or Paint 盖住她的手腕太多，”或者说：Must never hope to reproduce the faint“ 隐约的红晕向颈部渐渐隐没，Half-flush that dies along her throat: such stuff 这绝非任何颜料所能复制。”Was courtesy, she thought, and cause enough 这种无聊话，却被她当成好意，For calling up that spot of joy. She had 也足以唤起她的欢心。她那颗心A heart - how shall I say? - too soon made glad, 怎么说好呢？要取悦容易得很，Too easily impressed; she liked whateer 也太易感动。她看到什么都喜欢，She looked on, and her looks went everywhere. 而她的目光又偏爱到处观看。Sir, t was all one! my favour at her breast, 先生，她对什么都一样！她胸口上The dropping of the daylight in the West, 佩戴的我的赠品，或落日的余光；The bough of cherries some officious fool 过分殷勤的傻子在园中攀折Broke in the orchard for her, the white mule 给她的一枝樱桃，或她骑着She rode with round the terrace - all and each 绕行花圃的白骡所有这一切Would draw from her alike the approving speech, 都会使她同样地赞羡不绝，Or blush, at least. She thanked men, - good! but thanked 但她的感激（我说不上怎么搞的）Somehow - I know not how - as if she ranked 仿佛把我赐她的九百年的门第my gift of a nine-hundred-years-old name 与任何人的赠品并列。谁愿意With anybodys gift. Whod stoop to blame? 屈尊去谴责这种轻浮举止？即使This sort of trifling? Even had you skill你有口才（ 我却没有）能把你的意志In spe