10月自考英语(二)模拟试题及答案.doc

10月自考英语（二）模拟试题及答案Part OneI. Vocabulary and Structure ( 10 points, 1 point for each item)1. The winner in the general election is almost certain to be _ the Republican or the Democratic nominee. A. both B. either C. neither D. not only2. Such attitudes amount to a recognition _ leisure should be put to good use. A. where B. what C. which D. that3. Even with the new development in research, only a tiny _ of all tests are done without using animals. A. variety B. amount C. plenty D. proportion4. The Netherlands is the only country in Europe which permits euthanasia, _ it is not technically legal there. A. if B. otherwise C. although D. unless5. Mrs. Weinstein bravely and persistently used every skill she had to _ her attacker not to take her life. A. convince B. convey C. contact D. consult6. Daydreaming improves a persons ability to _ more readily with new ideas. A. show up B. put up with C. come up D. take up7. On average about 5000 a year is spent on each private school pupil, _ the amount spent on state school pupils.A. as twice as B. twice more as C. more than twice D. more twice than8. To a worker, _ from the point of view of society is necessary labor is from his own point of view voluntary play. A. what B. which C. that D. it9. Long life is altering our society, of course, but in experiential _. A. items B. terms C. turns D. themes10. A man flown to a time zone different by 10 hours will _ eight days to readjust his palm sweat. A. spend B. take C. cost D. pay. Cloze Test ( 10 points, 1 point for each item) Great artists and great scientists are similar in that they both use the two sides of their brain. It is well known that Albert Einstein, 11 a great scientist, also enjoyed art, playing the violin and sailing. Einstein said his scientific discoveries grew from his imagination 12 from analysis, reason and language. The story goes 13 Einstein was daydreaming one summers day 14 sitting on a hill. He imagined that he was riding on sunbeams to the far distance of the universe. 15 he found that he had returned to the sun. So he realized that the universe must curve. He got this 16 by using his imagination. He then used the left side of brain to 17 analysis, number and reason. And finally he used language to explain it. Traditional, 18 education in schools encourages us to use the left-hand side of our brains. Language, number, analysis and reason are given more importance in our schools than imagination and daydreaming. 19 , we are encouraged to leap when we have two perfectly good legs! Then why dont we give more 20 to visual thinking? 11. A. as B. for C. with D. to12. A. other than B. more than C. better than D. rather than13. A. when B. which C. that D. what14. A. while B. until C. though D. as if15. A. And B. But C. So D. Then16. A. story B. idea C. figure D. pattern17. A. supply B. apply C. reply D. imply18. A. establish B. to establish C. established D. establishing19. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Indeed D. However20. A. value B. vision C. voice D. view. Reading Comprehension ( 30 points, 2 points for each item) Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. The more I see of the Internet, the more enthusiastic I am. Were living through a period of dynamic change. America is ahead just now, with over 50 percent of the population on-line; Britain is next, then Scandinavia and Japan, with the rest of Europe lagging surprisingly behind. But it wont be long before everyone catches up. In the third world especially, the internet will be a revolutionary force that will promote democracy and economic growth. The lightning speech of American decision-making in todays business world is rooted in the technology. In the 1980s, American companies, desperate to compete with Japanese and German companies, shed their bureaucratic(官僚的) aspects and returned to the knife-edge of the market. Companies began to be run much more aggressively in the interests of shareholders, and that powered the adoption of new technology. The pay of CEOs (首席执行官) was tied to stock-market performance and businessmen got rich in a way they never previously imagined.On the knife-edge of the market some are going to bleed. One big invention here is “frictionless selling” for carsbuying on-line rather than through a salesman at a car dealership (汽车专卖行). I just bought my new car this way. I arranged finance and got just what I wantedcolor, interior, engine sizein half an hour. Thats great for me. But there are 25000most family owned car dealerships in the United States, and in the next century most will die. Its a transition that will surely be repeated many times over. Telecom (电信) costs are falling towards zero, and computer costs arent far behind. The growth of the internet in Africa, Asia and the Far East is putting these tools in everyones hands. And Im confident that if people got the chance to connect, they will quickly create wealth and opportunities across seven continents. 21Why does the author feel more enthusiastic when he sees more of the Internet? A. Because America is in a leading position in this field. B. Because he believes that the Internet will change the whole world. C. Because he is one of the businessmen who got rich in IT industry. D. Because the Internet will bring democracy to the Third World. 22. American companies shed their bureaucratic practice because _. A. that was powered by the use of new technologyB. that was the way businessmen got richC. they wanted to tie the salary of their CEOs to stock-market performanceD. the competition with foreign companies was sharp23. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that _. A. the adoption of the Internet helped improve the competing power of American companiesB. American companies were once thrown out of the market by Japanese and German companiesC. American companies competed desperately with foreign companies in car industryD. many American businessmen were desperate to get rich24. The author mentions the purchase of his new car and the car dealership to _. A. illustrate the advantage of “frictionless selling”B. predict what change the Internet will bring to American daily lifeC. illustrate one of the hurting effects of the InternetD. compare this new way of selling cars with the traditional one25. The word “transition” in paragraph 3 probably means _. A. failure B. change C. lesson D. competitionPassage TwoAlmost no one argues against the view that schools have an important responsibilities to develop students intellect. Disputes center, rather, on the degree to which this responsibility should exceed all other responsibilities or potential responsibilities. Some strong supporters of intellectual attainment as the primary objective of schools suggest that this purpose really is what schooling is all about and that other outcomes should receive only minimal emphasis. This position has a long history in American education. In general, the view suggests that school programs should not handle citizenship education or professional preparation directly. Rather, programs should focus on intellectual attainment. Once intellectual attainment has been achieved, good citizenship and an ability to handle work-related responsibilities will be natural by-products. Critics of this purpose of education raise a number of objections. Some question the assumption that without direct instruction in the schools, students automatically will acquire good citizenship and professional competence as a result of their exposure to programs emphasizing intellectual competence. There is some feeling that it is too much to expect young people to bridge the gap between intellectual knowledge and the kind of citizenship skills and job-related knowledge they will need in the “real world”. Other critics take issue with suggestions of some supporters of a heavy emphasis on intellectual attainment that school programs be strongly centered on such subjects as foreign languages, mathematics, history, literature, and the hard sciencessubjects thought capable of “challenging” the intellect. Critics allege that such subjects really are directed at a narrow, college-bound, intellectual elite. When schools serve the entire population of young people, it is not appropriate, these critics argue, to place such a heavy emphasis on an orientation that, in reality, is of benefit only to a small percentage of the total school population. 26. The current issue concerning schools responsibilities is focused on _. A. if schools should shoulder the responsibility to develop students intellectB. if schools should try to cultivate good citizenshipC. if schools should teach students work-related skillsD. if schools should place too much emphasis on intellectual attainment27. The view that schools shouldnt teach directly the working skills is based on the assumption that _. A. students can learn these skills better in the real worldB. students should learn how to be a good citizen firstC. students with intellectual competence can get these skills automaticallyD. students dont need these skills during their stay at school28. According to some critics, if a school program heavily emphasized subjects like foreign languages, mathematics, history, etc., _. A. schools would fail to produce any eliteB. only a small number of students would benefit from itC. students intellect couldnt be developedD. students would fail in other subjects29. It can be learned from the passage that _. A. a school has many objectives to achieve simultaneouslyB. a school program focused on intellectual attainment is a good oneC. most American schools center strongly on intellectual developmentD. only such intellect-related courses are taught in American schools30. The authors attitude toward this issue is _. A. subjective B. indifferent C. enthusiastic D. objectivePassage ThreeThere ahs been a critical lack of studies exploring womens diverse concerns and ways of dealing with unmet needs for services. What explanations are offered for the lack of researches on urban and suburban women? As Lofland argued, women are just “there” in urban studiesin the background like furniture. This “thereness” can be attributed to three factors. First, the “community” emphasis of urban studies leads researchers to study ethnic or working-class communities in which the womans role is home-centered, isolated, and secondary. Since her participation in the communitys public life is usually limited, her life is not readily visible, especially to the male researcher. His limited opportunity to observe and study womens lives and activities, then, is a second explanation for the lack of studies. A third reason is that government and foundation funding is largely allocated to the study of “problems”, particularly those associated with crime. In these studies, the focus tends to be on men, although there is now a burgeoning (迅速增长的) literature on crime committed by women. The gaps in the literature include a lack of research on well-to-do urban and suburban women whose life-style contrast sharply with the neighborhood-based world of ethnic or working-class women portrayed in such classics as Street Corner Society or The Urban Villagers. For example, suburban women may travel long distances take advantage of diverse facilities and resources located in the city. Since their activities take them away from their immediate residential community, these aspects of womens lives fall outside the range of neighborhood or community studies. This need to travel, whether for greater intellectual pursuit or higher-quality services, gives women in most income groups the common task of working from within their environments to fulfill their needs.31What Lofland said suggests that _. A. women are ill-treated like old furnitureB. womens role at home is like that of furnitureC. women tend to be ignored by researchersD. women always fall behind men in urban studies32. Which of the following is NOT a reason mentioned in the passage? A. Many male researchers lack the opportunity to observe womenB. Womens life if largely confined to their home. C. Women dont have much chance to participate in public life. D. Women never commit any crime that is worth studying. 33. The phrase “well-to-do” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _. A. wealthy B. capable C. intelligent D. kind-hearted34. The author mentions suburban womens need to travel as an example of _. A. one aspect of womens life unnoticed by other researchersB. the limited role women play in their neighborhood communityC. suburban womens pursuit of intellectual stimulationD. the typical life-style portrayed by classical sociological works35. The author of this passage is mainly concerned with _. A. reasons for the limited study on urban and suburban womenB. the diverse needs and concerns of urban and suburban womenC. the sharp contrast between urban and suburban women D. the factors influencing urban womens life-stylePart Two. Word Spelling (10 points, 1 point for two items) 36. 被单，薄片 n. s _ _ _ _ 37. 前景 n. p _ _ _ _ _ _ _38. 官方的 a. o _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39. 可爱的 a. l _ _ _ _ _ 40. 进口 n. i _ _ _ _ _ 41. 预报 v. f _ _ _ _ _ _42. 元素，成份 n. e _ _ _ _ _ _ 43. 智慧 n. w _ _ _ _ _44. 紧张的 a. t _ _ _ _ 45. 有规律的 a. r _ _ _ _ _ _ 46. 推翻 v. o _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47. 开关 n. s _ _ _ _ _48. 获得，得到 v. a _ _ _ _ _ _ 49. 下降 v. d _ _ _ _ _ _50. 加强 v. e _ _ _ _ _ _ 51. 有效的 a. e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _52. 程度 n. e _ _ _ _ _ 53. 建设 v. c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _54. 废除 v. a _ _ _ _ _ _ 55. 项目 n. p _ _ _ _ _ _. Word Form ( 10 points, 1 point for each item) 56. The eventual aim of computer modeling is _ (reduce) the number of animals used in experiments. 57. Until recently, many _ (blame) Oxford for this bias because of the universitys special entrance exam. 58. Engineers are experimenting with new types of metal hands and fingers, _ (give) robots a sense of touch. 59. All the men took guns with them in case they _ (attack). 60. As in 1980, when Jimmy Carter lost to Ronal Reagan during tough economic times, the voters _ (motivate) largely by the desire for change. 61. Expectation of life is a slippery figure, very easy _ (get) wrong at the highest ages. 62. The effects of rapid travel on the body are actually far _ (disturbing) than we realize. 63. The robots used in nuclear power plants can prevent human personnel from _ (expose) to radiation. 64. A decision _ (make) today may have consequences far into the future. 65. The important thing is to picture these desired objectives as if you _ (attain) them. . Translate the following sentences into English (15 points, 3 points for each item) 66. 收缩的过程如此强烈，以至于形成了黑洞。67. 已经采取了新措施来帮助保护家佣。68. 机器人在发达国家的工厂里正变得日益普遍。69. 我们接触的人都有可能影响我们的态度。70. 既然我们了解了这个问题，我们就可以努力去克服它。. Translate the following passage into Chinese (15 points) The gap between rich and poor was great, both in income and in the nature of their clothing, equipment and pattern of life. At a time when the dollar was so big that , 000 a year was an inviting sum to offer to the head of an insurance company, there were merchants in the seaboard cities who were making hundreds of thousands a year; one Boston merchant is said to have cleared 0,000 from one voyage of one of his ships. Not only was such a man richwith of course no income tax to paybut his wealth was instantly apparent to anybody who saw him and his lady in the street. You could tell a distance of fifty paces that their clothes were quite different in material and cut from those of ordinary folk. 模拟题（一）答案及详解. Vocabulary and Structure1. 答案：B本题考查eitheror的固定搭配。 2. 答案：Dthat引导同位语从句。3. 答案：D本句的意思是：“即使研究有了新的发展，只有一小部分的试验可以不用动物”。因此答案为D。variety 和plenty 分别表示“多样”和“大量的”，意思不合适。amount 后只能接不可数名词，而test是可数名词。4. 答案：C本句的意思是“虽然荷兰是欧洲唯一允许安乐死的国家，但是安乐死在荷兰严格说来并不合法”，所以应该填although。5. 答案：A在这四个选项中，只有convince可以接动词不定式，组成 convince sb. not to do sth. 的词组，意为“说服某人做某事”。6. 答案：Cput up with“忍受”，come up with“想出，得出”。 7. 答案：C英语中表示“是的两倍”用twice as much (many) as，表示“是的两倍多”则可用more than twice。所以答案为C 。8. 答案：A本题要求填入一个关系代词引导主语从句，并在主语从句中作主语，所以选what。9. 答案：Bin experiential terms意为“从经验上来说”。10. 答案：B本题需要填入一个表示“花时间”而又能与动词不定式连用的动词。spend常用于 spenddoing sth. 的句型中。cost一般用于it cost sb. to do sth.的句型中，主语不能是人。pay 表示“花钱”的意思。只有take 可用于sb. taketo do sth.的句型中。 II. Cloze Test11. 答案：A本题考查介词的使用。众所周知，爱因斯坦是一个伟大的科学家，因此此处应填as，表示“作为”之意。12. 答案：D本题要求填入一个连接词，连接两个介词词组，表示“而不是”的意思，因此答案为rather than。其他三个词组的意思分别是: other than“不用于，除了”，more than“极其，非常；超出的”，better than“比好”。13. 答案：C本句中Einstein a hill为story的同位语从句，所以应填that。14. 答案：A根据句意，爱因斯坦最有可能“坐在小山上，做着白日梦”，因此最佳选择为while，和sitting on a hill构成连词加分词的形式，在句中做时间状语。15. 答案：D本题考查本句和前一句的逻辑关系。在前一句中，文章提到“爱因斯坦乘着光束飞到了宇宙的远处”，本句则写到“他发现自己回到了太阳系”，因此应选then，表达两句时间的先后顺序。16. 答案：B“宇宙是圆弧形的”是一种idea“想法”，而不是story“故事”，figure“数字，人物，外形”或pattern“模式”。17. 答案：B本题考查动宾搭配。analysis, number, reason只能和动词apply搭配，意为“运用分析、计算、和推理”。其他三个动词分别意为：supply“供应”，reply“回复”，和imply“暗示”。18. 答案：C从本句的谓语动词encourages来判断，句子的主语应该是education，这就排除了B。A选项不合语法；句首的traditional提示