新课标必修三Unit1学案.doc

Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world课文填空1. Festivals are meant （mean）to celebrate important events. (P1)2. Discuss when they take place, what they celebrate and one thing that people do at that time. (P1)3. Festivals and celebrations of all kinds are held (hold) everywhere. (P1)4. They would starve if food was difficult to find, so they celebrate when they had food. (P1)5. Some festivals are held to honour the dead, or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm.(P2)6. They light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth.(P2)7.They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead.(P2)8. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter.(P2)9. In European countries it is the custom to decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and people get together to have meals(P2)10. Easter is an important religious and social festival in Christian countries. (P2)11. The country is covered (cover) with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other. (P 3)12. Deng Pufang was given/ awarded the UN Prize in the Field of Human Rights for his contributions. (P5)13. It is the wish of our whole country/ nation to have the Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008. (P5)14. I asked George not to play that game/ trick on Mary. I could see that she didnt like it. (P5)15. I collected all the old clothing and gave it to an organization that collected it for poor children in Africa. (P5)16. He had looked forward to meeting (meet) her all day. ( P7)17. The celebration had taken place in the village before Christmas arrived. (P42)18. It is obvious that the announcer has made a serious mistake. (P42)19. She gained her citizenship only after ten years in the country. (P42)20. You cant recognize them because they have dressed up. (P42)21. He gathered all his strength and was ready for a second try. (P42)22. Mary has never forgiven her mother because she left her alone when she was only four. (P42)23. Our feet are freezing (freeze) and our noses are red (P43)24. St Lawrence River is partly frozen (freeze) (P43)25. It is amazing (amaze ) how warm these ice houses can be! (P45)12.clean the graves 扫墓(P2)13.light incense 烧香(P2)14.in memory of 为纪念( P2)15.light lamps 点起灯笼(P2)16.in early November 在11月初(P2)17.on this important feast day 在这个重要的节庆日子里(P2)18.in the shape of 以的形状(P2)19.cakes with bones on them. 装点有骨头的蛋糕(P2)20.go to ones neighbours homes 去邻居家(P2)21.ask for sweets 要糖果 (P2)22.frighten people 吓唬人(P2)短语：1.celebrate important events 庆祝重大事件(P1)2.Chinese festivals 中国的节日(P1)3.Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节(P1)4.the full moon 圆月 (P1)5.spend festivals with your family or with friends 与家人或朋友共度节日(P1)6.the end of. 的结束(P1)7.planting in spring 春天耕种 (P1)8.harvest in autumn 秋天收获(P1)9.light fire (light-lit, lighted-lit, lighted) 点火(P1)10.bring a year of plenty 带来一个丰收年(P1)11.do harm 有害 (P2)65.fall in love ( fall- fell- fallen) 爱上( P7)66.get married secretly 秘密结婚( P7)67.the Milky Way 银河( P7)68.on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month在农历7月初7 ( P7)69.remind sb. of.使某人想起( P7)70.increase ones vocabulary and knowledge 提高某人的词汇量和知识 (P8)71.look in an encyclopedia查百科全书 (P8)72.32 degrees below freezing 零下32度(P43)73.steam from the heat 热气(P43)74.parking lots停车厂 (P43)75.hundreds of thousands of people成百上千的人 (P43)76.take part in a week of activities参加一周的活动 (P43)77.be prepared to do 准备做某事(P43)78.be dressed in heavy clothes 穿着沉重的衣服(P45)23.Dragon Boat Festival 龙舟节(P2)24.a famous ancient poet 一位著名的古代诗人(P2)25.gain independence 获得独立(P2)26.agricultural work 农业生产(P2)27.in European countries 在欧洲国家(P2)28.win awards 赢得奖励 (P2)29.admire the moon 赏月(P2)30.the end of winter and the coming of spring 冬天的结束和春天的到来(P2)31.at the Spring Festival 在春节(P2)32.eat dumplings 吃饺子(P2)33.lucky money in red paper 红包，压岁钱(P2)34.dragon dance 舞龙(P2)35.the lunar New Year 农历新年(P2)36.day and night夜以继日(P2)37.colourful clothing of all kinds. 各种各样多彩的服装 (P2)38.be proud of our customs 以我们的习俗而自豪(P 3)39.forget our daily life忘记日常生活 (P 3)40.for a little while 一会儿，暂时(P 3)41.several kinds of festival 几种节日(P 3)42.the most fun 最有趣的(P 3)43.fill in 填写(P 3)44.pick out 挑出(P 3)45.in common 共同，共有(P 3)46.feel excited 感到兴奋(P4)47.have a good time with 与过得愉快(P4)48.connect with 与联系(P4)49.sit round a fire 坐在火旁(P4)50.be satisfied with 对满意(P4)51.a great event in history历史上的一个重大事件 (P4)52.get up 起床(P4)53.go to school 去上学 (P4)54.do homework 作作业(P4)55.go to bed 去睡觉(P4)56.in the field of 在领域(P5)57.be able to choose for ourselves 能够自己选择(P5)58.show sb. the way to 给指路(P5)59.nearly five oclock 大约5点(P5)60.heart- broken 心碎的( P7)61.Valentines Day 情人节( P7)62.keep ones word 遵守诺言 ( P7)63.like a fool 像个傻子( P7)64.drown ones sadness in coffee 用咖啡消愁( P7)单词1.starve vi. 饿死；挨饿 vt使饿死；使挨饿 注意：starve 表“感觉很饿”时，仅用于进行时态eg. Lots of people in Africa are starving.（正在挨饿）短语：starve to death饿死starve for sth.渴望获得某物；缺乏某物starve sb. of sth. （常用被动语态：be starved of）渴望获得某物eg. The homeless children were starved of love.starve sb. into doing sth.使某人挨饿使其做某事starve sb. out (of sth)将某人饿得从隐藏处出来eg. It took six days to starve him out of （把他饿出）the building.派生词：stravation n.U挨饿；饿死eg. I am on a starvation diet.(饥饿减肥)eg. The dog died of starvation.（饿死了） 2. plenty n.充足；大量；富裕eg. Well have another year of plenty.我们又将获得一个丰收年eg. They always gave us plenty to eat.他们总是给我们很多东西吃。用法：(1) plenty of大量的；许多的+ (pl.)/U，它只用于肯定句中。在疑问句,否定句中用enough,many或 much。eg. plenty of time大量的时间eg. plenty of teachers许多教师(2) plenty 用作adv 与more连用表示超过的量。eg. Weve got plenty more of the type in the shop.我们店里还有很多这种型号的货物。(3) plenty用作adv与 big, tall, long等形容词连用后接enough，以加强句子语气。eg. The rope was plenty long enough to get the ground.绳子长可及地。(4) in plenty大量；丰富；充裕3. satisfy 满足；使满意；使满足；符合条件（要求）eg. He isnt a man easy to satisfy. 他不是一个容易满足的人。eg. Do you satisfy the entry requirement of Beijing University?短语：satisfy ones needs/ demands满足某人的需要with satisfaction满意地；知足地(much) to ones satisfaction使某人（大为）满意的是It is a satisfaction/ satisfactory to do sth.做某事是令人满意的。派生词：satisfactory adj.令人满意的satisfying adj.（事物）令人满意的satisfied adj.（人）感到满意的；满足的 be satisfied with对感到满意 be satisfied to do对做感到满意eg. Mr. Brown is not a little satisfied with the result. 他对结果很满意。satisfaction n.U满意；满足 C令人满足或带来乐趣的事（常与a连用，少用复数）；（需要、愿望的）实现eg. To our satisfaction, （使我们满意的是） they made great progress in their studies.eg. It will be a great satisfaction （一件令人高兴的事）to know that he has reached home safe.eg. the satisfaction of thirst解渴the satisfaction of desire愿望的实现4. lead ( led, led，leading) vt.(1)(=follow) 领导；带领；引路；牵引eg. lead a peace movement.领导和平运动eg. The roads leads you to the town.走这条路你就能到镇上。eg. lead the blind man across the street.引导盲人过马路eg. It is the little boy who has led me here.就是这个小男孩领我来这儿的。(2) 领先；率先eg. He leads his class in English.英语方面他在全班数第一。(3) 导致，造成eg.What led you to change your idea?什么使你改变了主意？eg. What led you to think so?(4) 过生活eg. lead a happy/ hard/ miserable/ simple life过着幸福的/艰苦的/悲惨的/简朴的生活vi. (1) 领导；领路；带头；领先eg. You lead, well follow.你打头，我们跟着你。(2) 通向，导致(to) eg. a road leading to the foot of the mountain.一条通到山脚下的路。eg. All roads lead to Rome.条条道路通罗马动词短语：lead away 引入歧途lead off 开始eg. He led off by telling us the latest news.他讲话开始前先给我们讲了最新消息。lead on 使误信，诱骗eg. Salesmen do their best to lead people on to buy things that they dont need.商人们竭尽全力地让人们买那些不需要的东西lead to 引起，导致 eg. Smoking cigarrettes leads to lung disease.吸烟导致肺病。lead sb. to sth.引导某人，影响某人的言行lead sb. to sp.领某人到某地lead sb. to do sth.使某人做某事eg. His constant lying led me to distrust all he said.他总撒谎，我完全不相信他所说的话了。lead sb. in doing 领导某人干lead to ones doing sth导致某人做某事lead to 导致；通向 eg. All roads lead to Rome.lead a . life过的生活lead sb. by the nose牵着鼻子走lead the way带路区别：lead, guide, direct在为人指示方向时，注意区别使用(1) lead带路，牵引；走在前头，引导目的地(2) guide引着参观、导游；一直陪在一旁，边走边讲(3) derect指路；指出方向，不一同去练习：lead, guide, direct1. She guided the tourists around the city2. Could you direct me to the railway station?3. The usher led him to his seat.lead n.C常用单(1) 范例；带头；引导；榜样；提示eg. follow the teachers lead跟着老师的样子做eg. take the lead带头eg. give sb. a lead给某人一个提示(2)领先，优势 eg. gain the lead in a race在赛跑中领先eg. have a lead of 3 meters in the race.赛跑中领先3米跑在前头（3）the lead主演，主角 eg. play the lead in the film在影片中担任主角(4) 引线；牵绳；线索eg. keep a dog on a leadeg. The police have several useful leads.警方掌握了几条有用的线索。（5）U 铅eg.lead poisoning铅中毒名词短语：take the lead 带头take the lead (in doing sth.)为他人树立榜样follow ones example/ lead以为榜样give sb. a lead带头做某事以鼓励某人；提示解决问题的线索in/ have the lead领先派生词：leader n. 领导者；领袖leadership n. U领导，领导地位under the leadership of在的领导下leading adj.最重要的，主要的a leading part/ role重要角色；主角a leading figure领导人物5. origin n. 起源；由来；起因eg. The rumer had its origin in an impulsive remark.谣言源于一次冲动的谈话。派生词：origianl adj.最初的；独创的；新颖的origianate vt./vi.发源，发生origiantion n.开始；起源区别：origin/ root/ source(1) origin是指事物出现的始点。(2) root 本意为“根”，经常表示被认为是事物的根本起因或基本原因。(3) source 资源，来源，出处，表示事物开始出现的始点或其来源与出处6. trick n. C（1）骗局；诡计；谋略eg. He got the money from me by a trick他从我这里诈取到那笔钱。eg. You cant fool me with that old trick!（2）戏法；把戏，特技eg. magic tricks魔术（3）窍门eg. I cant open the box, is there a trick to it?eg. You seem to have mastered the trick of cooking.做饭的窍门（4）习惯，癖好eg. When working out a problem he has the trick of （有的习惯）biting on the pencil（5）开玩笑，恶作剧；短语：be up to ones old tricks施展让某人感觉不悦的惯技play a trick/ tricks on/ upon sb.捉弄某人eg. It is not right to play tricks on other people捉弄别人是不对的。cheat sb. out of sthcheat sth out of sb.rob sb. of sthsteal sth from sb.trick vt=cheat欺骗，欺诈，哄骗trick sb. into doing sth.骗某人做某事trick sb. out of sth.骗取某人某物7. arrival n.U 到达；到来； C 到达者eg. Were expecting a new arrival in the family soon.我期待着家中不久就添个新生儿。短语：on ones arrival/ on arriving某人一到达eg. On his arrival, he joined us in the work.他一来，就跟我们一起忙起来。派生词：arrive vi. 到达，来到eg. arrive in/ at a place到达某地区别：arrive/ get / reach三个动词均可译为“到达”。但arrive和 get为不及物动词， reach为及物动词。结构为 arrive in/ at +宾语，get to+宾语， reach +宾语。一般说来，到达一个大地方用arrive in，到达一个小地方用 arrive atbetray-betrayal背叛rent-rental租用，租金renew-renewal更新，恢复构词法：v.+ al= n.bury-burial埋葬deny-denial否认dismiss-dismissal开除8. national adj. 国家的，民族的eg. national defence国防eg. Well have a seven-day vacation to celebrate our National Day.国庆节派生词：nation n.C 国家，民族eg. the United Nations 联合国eg. The president will speak on TV to the whole nationnationality n.C,U (pl. nationalities) 国籍，民族eg. scientists of different nationalities.不同国籍的科学家eg. China is a big family of 56 nationalities.中国是一个有56个民族的大家庭eg. Whats your nationality? 你是哪国人？9. gain vt./vi(1)获得，赢 (反义词：lose) eg. gain experience/ confidence/ much sympathy/ victory/ the first prize得到经验/信任/极大的同情/胜利/一等奖eg. Guests in the hotel can gain free access to the swimming pooleg. I gained the impression that the matter had been settled.(2)加快（速度）；增加（体重） eg. He didnt gain weight until the Olympic were over.(3) 增加；进展；好起来eg.They have gained in strength.他们力量增强了。n. C,U 财富的增加，获利；盈利eg. No pains, no gains.= No gains without pains不入虎穴，焉得虎子注意：(1) gain v.还可表示“（钟表）快”eg. My watch gains (by) several minutes a day.我的表一天快几分钟。(2) 区别：get , acquire, gain, obtain都有“取得，获得”的意思。(a) get得到，获得，收到，是常用词。指以某种方法或手段得到某种东西，这种东西可能是需要的或企图获得的，也可能不是。(b) acquire取得，获得，强调经过自己的努力而获得某物。(c) gain收获，获得，博得。指付出很大努力后的获取，含有强有力地夺取之意。还表示增加已有的东西。(d) obtain得，获得。指通过努力工作或斗争得到所需要的东西或达到某种目的。练习：1. Did you get my telegram?2. He acquired/ got/ abtained a good knowledge of the language by careful study.3. The troop gained the victory after a bloody battle.（3）区别：gain, win, earn(a) gain 当含有竞争成功之意时，可与earn ，win 通用，一个人得到他不应得的东西，可用gain. gain 不用于金钱方面gain (earn) ones living 谋生，gain (win) a battle.获得战争胜利。(b) earn含有做完工作应有所得的意思。(c) win 含有“获胜”之意，通常可接 a battle/ a war/ a game等等。短语：gain/ lose weight增加/减少体重gain by/ from sth.从中获益carry/ gain ones point说服某人接受自己的观点gain ground进步，进展gain/ win ones hand获得某人本人对某事的应允gain time（通过拖延）赢得时间gain in sth.增加gain on sb./ sth.接近，逼近（所追逐的人或物）10. independence n. U独立；自主eg. Nowadays lots of young people want independence from their parents.eg. Independence Day美国独立纪念日派生词：independent adj.独立的（反义词：dependent） independently adv.独立地distance-distantpresence-present构词法：n.-adj.importance-importantdifference-differentsignificance-significantsilence-silentabsence-absentpatience -patient11. gather vt. vi. n.集合；聚集；搜集eg. I gathered the scattered papers.我把散乱的文件收集在一起。eg. A crowd gathered on the corner.短语：gather sb./ sth. round聚集；集合eg. Gather round, and Ill tell you a story.大家围过来，我给你们讲一个故事。gather sth. in收割；收获eg. This year we gathered (in) a rich harvest of grain.今年我们粮食丰收了。gather oneself使振作区别： gather /collect/ get together(1) gather 作为及物动词，宾语是物或人，“收集”用法广泛，指把人，也可以指把分散的东西或抽象的东西聚集起来。eg. gather date/ information/ facts搜集数据/信息/事实（2）collect收集，着重于精心地，有计划性和选择性的收集；宾语是人或动物是时，通常用gather。这时这些人或动物都处于受支配状况；作为不及物动词，这两个词经常可以换用。(3) get together常指人聚集在一起。练习：gather /collecteg. My little sister is fond of collecting stamps.（集邮）eg. The dustman is gathering rubbish.（收拾垃圾）12. custom n.C,U习惯；风俗，（复数）海关eg. social custom社会风俗eg. Pelple should follow the customs of the country that they are visiting.人们应该遵循所参观国家的风俗。短语：break an old custom破除旧习俗keep up an old custom保持古老的习俗the customs海关get through/ pass the customs过海关customs duties关税a customs officer海关官员customs house（尤指港口的）海关区别：custom/ habit(1) custom 侧重指国家、集体或社会的传统风俗。eg. Its hard to get used to another countrys customs.(2) habit指个人由于自然条件、社会环境、个人爱好等原因长期重复而自然养成的习惯。form a / the habit of.养成的习惯get into the habit of.have a / the habit of.有的习惯be in the habit of.get out of a habit克服习惯kick a habit13. award n. 奖；奖品vt. 授予；判定 award sth. to sb= award sb. Sth把某物颁发给某人。eg. major/ minor award 一等/二等奖学金eg. He was awarded a medal for bravery.eg. The court awarded him damageds of $50 000.eg. She showed us the athletics awards she had won.区别： give, award, present(a) give给，送给，是常用词。指无偿地将某物送给某人，并有许多其他意义。(b) award授予；给予。指给予某人应得的奖赏或赔偿。(c) present给，赠。指把某物无偿地送给某人，特指在仪式上赠送物品。 present sb. with sth.= present sth. to sb.赠送/颁发某物给某人。练习：give, award, present1. They awarded him the title of Combat Hero.2. He gave me a beautiful gift. 3. I presented him with a book= I presented a book to him.区别： award, honour, prize都含有“奖品，奖励，酬谢”的意思(a) award奖，奖品，奖金。指因竞赛获胜，工作成绩显著或某一值得称赞的行为，而获得的奖品(b) honour 荣誉，比prize与 award更普通，往往指非官方的私人的荣誉奖励。(c) prize 奖金，奖品，赠品，战利品。指在比赛、竞赛、工作、学习中优胜者所获得的奖品。可能是钱，也可能是物品。练习：award, honour, prize1. He was awarded a prize for good conduct.他因品德优秀而获奖。2. Its an honour to hear you speak so highly of me.您这样夸我，我本人实在是荣幸之极3. The Academy Awards are given out once a year.每年颁发一次学院奖14. admire vt.羡慕，钦佩，赞美eg. We admire her bravery.=We admire her for her bravery.我们羡慕她的勇敢。eg. Arent you going to admire my new skirt?短语：in admiration of表示钦佩with/ in admiration心怀钦佩地admire sb. for sth.钦佩，羡慕express admiration for sb.对某人表示钦佩have great admiration for sb.十分钦佩某人派生词：admiration n. U 钦佩，羡慕，赞美C受到赞美的人或物（多用单数）admirer 钦佩者，羡慕者admiring adj.赞赏的，赞美的admirable adj.令人钦佩的，值得赞美的；绝妙的，区别：admire/ envyadmire偏重“欣赏；钦佩”而envy则侧重“嫉妒”15. energetic adj.经历充沛的eg. Fine food and much exercise can make a person energetic all the time.派生词：energy. n (1)U 精力；能量eg. He is full of energy.(2)U 能，能量eg. atomic / chemical / electric/ heat / solar energy原子能化学能电能热能太阳能(3)C (pl. energies) （指个人的工作）能力eg. The young men all devoted their energies to the research.区别：strength, force, energy, power(1) energy 指“人的精力或自然界的能源”(2) strength.指“人的力气” (3) force 指“暴力，说服力，法律、道德等的力量”(4) power. 指“做某事的能力或能发挥出力的力量”、“政权、权利”练习：strength, force, energy, power. Knowledge is power. The robber took the old mans money by force. He returned to his hometown where hes mental health and strength gradually got better. Oil is a form of energy16. remind vt.提醒；使想起用法： n. / pron.eg. Please remind me if I forget.如果我忘记，请提醒我。remind sb.+宾语从句 （ 提醒） eg. That suddenly reminded me that she had promised to ring them up.那突然使我想起她说过要给他们打电话。eg. His words reminded me when I should keep silent. 他的话使我想起了何时该保持沉默。eg. .She reminded me that I hadnt shut the window. 她提醒我没有关窗 sb.+ to do sth “提醒某人要做某事” eg. His words reminded me to keep silent to the matter. 他的话提醒我要对此事保持沉默。 eg. I reminded him to post the letter on his way to school 我提醒他在他上学的路上邮这封信。 sb.+疑问词 + to dosb. of/ about.=remind sth. to sb.eg. That reminds me of the days we spent together.那使我想起了我们一起度过的时光。eg. That reminds me of a short story by Lu Xun.那使我想起了鲁迅写的一篇短篇小说。eg. She reminds me very much of her mother.她让我想起她母亲的样子。使某人想起派生词：reminder n.起提醒作用的东西17. clothing n.U （总称）衣服eg. The shop sells mens clothing eg. The girls were all in summer clothing比较：clothes n.(pl.)衣服 eg. Now people wear ready-made clothes.现在人们都穿成衣。注意：clothes前不能加 a，也不能加数词。表示“套衣服”时，可用 a suit of clothes eg. I want to buy two suits of clothes.cloth n. (pl. cloths) U布，衣料；C抹布 eg. I need a lot of cloth if Im going to make a new dress.eg. Pass the cloth please; I want to clean the table.区别：clothing, clothes, dress(1) clothing 是衣服、被褥的总称，是不可数名词，可以与量词a piece of, an article of连用(2) clothes是指包括上衣、裤子、内衣、外衣等在内的比较具体的衣服，没有单数形式；“一套衣服”应说： a suit of colthes(3) dress 也表示衣服的统称（男女均可），尤指外衣，为不可数名词；但指女子的连衣裙或童装时是可数名词18. social