数词与倍数专题.doc

没辅 导 讲 义教师黄双珠科目英语上课日期2013.3.29总共学时学生杜紫薇年级初三上课时间8：00-12:00第几学时类别基础提高培优科组长签字教务主管签字校区主任签字一、教学目标：初中语法之：数词运用1、掌握语法中的数词，通过分析例题加深认识； 2、全面掌握初中语法中数词的知识，另外重点讲述倍数的表达；3、通过随堂练习巩固相关知识点，提高命中率。二、上课内容： 1、初中代词和数词知识点讲解2、倍数表达例题详解 3、课堂练习 4、提高训练三课后作业：见专项训练/课后作业四、家长签名（本人确认：孩子已经完成“课后作业”）_数词1. 基数词（1）从110 one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten（2）从 1119 eleven，twelve， thirteen， fourteen， fifteen，sixteen，seventeen，eighteen，nineteenl 这里除 eleven， twelve， thirteen， fifteen， eighteen为特殊形式外，fourteen，sixteen，seventeen，nineteen都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。（3）从 2099 整数几十中除twenty，thirty, forty，fifty，eighty为特殊形式外，sixty，seventy，ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。表示几十几时，在十位和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-” 21 twenty-one 76 seventy-six（4）百位数个数基数词形式加“hundred”，表示几百，在十位与百位间加上and101 a hundred and one 320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and forty-eight（5）千位数以上 从数字的右端向左端数起，每三位数加一个逗号“，”。从右开始，第一个“，”前的数字后添加 thousand，第二个“，”前面的数字后添加 million，第三个“，”前的数字后添加 billion，然后一节一节分别表示，两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four5,237,166,234 five billion，two hundred and thirty-seven million，one hundred and sixty-six thousand，two hundred and thirty-four（6）基数词在表示确切的数字时，不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数形式；但是，当基数词表示不确切数字，如成百、成千上万，三三两两时，基数词则以复数形式出现。There are hundreds of people in the hall 大厅里有数以百计的人。Thousands and thousands of people come to visit the Museum of Qin Terra-Cotta Warriors and Horses every day 每天有成千上万的人来参观秦兵马俑博物馆。（7）表示人的不确切岁数或年代，用几十的复数形式表示。He became a professor in his thirties 他三十多岁时成为了教授。She died of lung cancer in forties 她四十来岁时死于肺癌。It was in the 1960s 那是在二十世纪六十年代。补充：时间的读法。2. 序数词数词的一种，主要在英语语法中讲到，在汉语中表示为“第几”。描述出生的日期时，也用到了序数词。比如：May first （5月1日）。用法：序数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和表语。例如：The second is what I really need 第二个是我真正需要的。（作主语）He chooses the second 他挑选了第二个。（作宾语）We are to carry out the first plan 我们将执行第一个计划。（作定语）She is the second in our class在我们班她是第二名。（作表语）l 序数词在使用时，通常前面要加定冠词the；但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时，则表示“再.”，“又.”。Well go over it a second time Weve tried it three timesMust we try it a fourth time? 各种数字表达：506房：Room 506;第五课：lesson 5;第123页：Page 123;7路公共汽车：Bus No.7第二中学：No.2 Middle School;第二十一世纪：the twenty-first century不用the的情况在英语中，使用序数词时前面要加定冠词the，但是，在下面的情况下不加：1当序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰时，序数词前不用 the。Mother was my first teacher in my life.妈妈是我生命中的第一个老师。Tom is Lilys third boyfriend. 汤姆是莉莉的第三个男朋友。2当表达分数时，序数词前不用 the。One fifth of the students here are from the country. 这儿1/5的学生来自农村。Three fourths of the students here are from the country. 这儿的3/4的学生来自农村。3当表达“又一，再一”时，序数词前不用 the，但可加不定冠词。Please give me a second chance. 请再给我一次机会。The poor woman had a third baby. 那个可怜的妇女又生了第三个宝宝。4当表达“年月日”时，尤其在朗读时，序数词前要加 the。但当书写时,序数词前不用the。He was born on June 6th, 1974. 他出生在1974年6月6日。5当序数词在句中作状语时，序数词前不用 the。Who got there second? 谁第二个到那儿的？I finished the work first. 我最先完成那项工作。6. 当表达考试（赛跑等）中获得的名次时，序数词前不用 the。She stands first in her class. 她在班上成绩排名第一。数词练习:( )1.Pleaseturnto_.A.Page11B.the11stpageC.page11thD.the11page( )2.Atnightwecansee_starsinthesky.A.thousandsandthousandsof B.thousandandthousandsofC.athousandandthousands D.thousandandthousand( )3.Therearesome_inourclassroom.A.hundredofbooksB.thehundredsofbooksC.hundredsofbooksD.hundredofbook( )4.Ihavebeentothevillage_.A.ahundredtimeB.hundredtimesC.hundredsoftimesD.hundredoftimes( )5.Thereare_studentsinourschool.A.fourhundredandfortyfiveB.fourhundredandfortyfiveC.fourhundredsandfortyfiveD.fourhundredandfortyfive( )6.Theteachertoldmetogoover_lessons.A.thirstthreeB.thethreefirstC.threethefirstD.thefirstthree( )7.Mayis_ofayear.A.thefifthmonthsB.thefifthmonthC.thefivemonthsD.thefivemonth( )8.Welivein_.A.thetwenty-firstcenturyB.thecenturytwenty-oneC.centurytwenty-oneD.thecenturytwenty-first( )9.Hesaidhewasgoingtobefreein_.A.oneandahalfhourB.onehourandhalfC.oneandhalfhoursD.anhourandahalf( )10.-HowmanyEnglishbooksarethereonthetable?-Thereisonly_Englishbookonit.A.aB.anC.oneD.the( )11.MrSmithstayedin_lastnight.A.Room403B.theRoom403C.the403roomD.403theroom( )12.Theroadis_.A.twothousandandfivehundredmetreslongB.twothousandsmetreslongC.longonethousandfivehundredmetreD.athousandandfivehundredsmetreslong()13.Hejoinedthearmyon_ofMay1980.A.1stB.the1C.firstD.thefirst()14.IsSundaythe_dayoftheweek?A.aB.oneC.onceD.first()15.Marchthe_isWomensDay.A.eighthB.ninthC.tenthD.eight()16.Septemberisthe_monthoftheyear.A.ninethB.ninthC.nineD.thetwelveth倍数的表达1. 一般表达1） A be+倍数+as+计量形容词原级+as B.This tree is three times as tall as that one. 这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。His father is twice as old as he. 他父亲的年纪有他两倍大。2） A be+倍数+计量形容词比较级+than B The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.长江差不多比珠江长两倍。The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one.这本字典比那本恰好贵5倍。3） A be+倍数+the 计量名词+of B The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。4） The 计量名词 of A be+倍数+that of B The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one. 新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。5）其它（补充，不需要掌握）Im twice/ double his age. Ive paid five times the usual price for the stamp.The average income of the staff has been increased by 50 percent compared with last year.The price of TVs are twofold (adj. 两部分的, 双重的) down over these years.2. 用times表示倍数（以下表达一般限于包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数; 表示两倍的数, 一般twice.）总结：1）. times形容词（副词）比较级than.This hall is five times bigger than our classroom. =This hall is six times as big as our classroom. 这个大厅比我们的教室大五倍。（是我们教室的六倍大）The car runs twice faster than that truck. 这辆轿车的速度比那辆卡车快两倍。（是那辆卡车的三倍快）= . = . 2）. timesas形容词（或much）或副词原级as.The big box is four times as heavy as the small one. 大箱子是小箱子的四倍重。Asia is four times as large as Europe. Ten is twice as much as five. The plane flew ten times as high as the kite. 3）. timesthe名词（size, height, weight, length, width）ofYour playground is 900 meters wide, three times the size of ours. This street is four times the length of that one. =This big tree is four times the height of that small one.=The height of the big tree is four times that of that small one.4）. timesthat of被比对象“是倍”。如:In this workshop, the output of July was 3. 5 times that of January. 这个车间七月份的产量是元月份的三点五倍。3、用double表示倍数1）作形容词, “两倍的”。如:The production is now double what it was ten years ago. 2）作动词, “是的两倍”。如:The output has been doubled in the past five years. 提高练习1：1.Paperproducedeveryyearis_theworldsproductionofcars.A.thethreeweightof B.threetimestheweightofC.asthreetimesheavyas D.threetimesasheavieras2.WiththehelpoftheGermanexperts, thefactoryproduced_carsin1993astheyearbefore.A.astwicemanyB.asmanytwiceC.twiceasmanyD.twicemanyas3.Thisshipmeasures_thatone.A.astwiceaslong B.astwicelongasC.twicelongas D. twiceaslongas4.Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thefactoryproduced_trucksin1988astheyearbefore.A.astwicemanyB.asmanyasC.astwiceasmanyD.twiceasmany5.ItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesuses_energyasthewholeofEurope.A.astwice B.twicemuchC.twicemuchasD.twiceasmuch6.Thehouserentisexpensive,IvegotabouthalfthespaceIhadathomeandImpaying_here.A.asthreetimesmuchB.asmuchthreetimesC.muchasthreetimesD.threetimesasmuch提高练习2：1. This river is threetimes as long as that one.This river is _ times the _ of that one.This river is _ _ than that one.2. The meeting room is three times bigger than our office.The meeting room is _ times as _ as our office.The meeting room is _ times the _ of our office.3. The new building is five times the