初高中语法定语从句讲解及练习.doc

定语从句 教案一、定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句必须放在先行词之后。如：This is the doctor who saved the boys life.引导从句的关系代词有：who, whom, whose（一般指人），which（一般指物），that（指人或物）引导从句的关系副词有：when（时间），where（地点），why（原因）关系代词或关系副词处在先行词和定语从句之间，起着连接主从句、指代先行词和在从句中作句子成分的三重作用。二、which (whom)在从句中作介词的宾语时，介词一般可放在其前，也可放在其原来的位置上，在含有介词的固定词组中介词只能放在原来的位置上，而不能放在which ，whom之前。The house in which Lu Xun once lived is now the Lu Xun Museum.The person to whom you just talked is Mr Li.三、that在定语从句中可以指人或物，在从句中做主语或谓语V.的宾语（不能放在介词后作介宾）(1) The man that is speaking at the meeting is a worker.(2) The girl (that) we saw yesterday was Jims sister.下列情况只能用thata. 序数词修饰先行词时。The first English novel that I read was A Tale of two cities by Charles Dickens.我读过的第一本英语小说是查尔斯迪更斯写的双城记。b. 最高级adj.修饰先行词时。Li lei is the cleverest student that I have ever known.李雷是我所见过的最聪明的学生。c. all, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词作先行词时，要用that.Everything that we saw in the museum great interested us.我们在博物馆里看到的每一件事情都使我们很感兴趣。Miss Zhao has told us something that we should do in the summer holiday.赵老师告诉了我们应该在暑假做的一些事情。d.先行词被all, some, any, every, each, few, little, no等修饰。All the books that I put on the desk are yours.e.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。He is the only person that I want to talk to. f.先行词既有人又有物时。They talked of things and persons that they remembered.g.当主句中已有who时，为避免重复，可用that代替who。Who is the man that is talking to John? h.用做关系副词，修饰表示时间的名词如day, time, moment等，代替when。例如：It happened on the day that I was born. 注：1. 关系代词who, which, that 在从句中做主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词一致。四、When, where, why October 1st 1949 was the day when the Peoples Republic of China was founded.(when 在定语从句中作时间状语)。1949年的10月1日是中华人民共和国的诞生之日。 Everyone wants to visit the place where the star once worked. ( where 作地点状语)每个人都想参观这个明星曾经工作过的地方。I dont know the reason why she didnt agree to our study plan.我不知道她不同意我们的研究计划的原因。五、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句：是句中不可缺少的组成部分，没有从句，先行词意思不明确，主句也不完整，从句主句不用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句：主句先行词的补充说明，没有从句并不影响主句意思的明确或完整，这种定语从句一般用逗号和主句分开，在非限制性定语从句中，一般不用that. 如： Last Sunday they reached Dalian, where a meeting was to be held.上周他们到了大连，在那里他们有个会议要举行。 She has two brothers, who are both doctors.他有两个兄弟，他们都是医生。第9节： 定语从句和状语从句1.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall.A. which B. that C. where D. it2.He talked happily about the men and books _interested him greatly in the school.A. which B. that C. it D. whom3.There is no dictionary _you can find everything.A. that B. which C. where D. in that4.Is oxygen the only gas _helps fire burn?A. that B./ C. which D.it5.Which was the hotel _was recommended to you?A. that B. which C. where D. it6.The day on _he was born was Aug.20,1952.A. where B. that C. which D. this7.The man _you shook hands just now is our headmaster.A. where B. with whom C. who D. whom8.The room _my family live used to be a garage.A. where B. which C. who D. in which9.Those_break the law are punished.A. that B. who C. which D. whom10.He_breaks the law is punished.A. which B. that C. who D. whom11.It is reported that Yang Yang is a woman _has made great contributions to our society.A. who B. whom C. what D. which 12.The letter _I received last time was from my sister.A. who B. where C. that D. whom13. -Do you agree with the article _says commercials are bad for children -No, I dont agree with it. A. which B. who C. whose D. /14 -Can a child _buys these toys learn anything? -No, nothing, Im afraid. They buy toys to have fun _. A who, with B. which, on C. whose, in D. /, with15 -Do you like TV commercials, Jimmy?-No, I dont like the programmes _force people to buy things.-I dont really agree. They just give people some information for shopping.A. which B. what C. who D. where16-Some educators believe children _watch many TV commercials will become more materialistic, dont they?-Yes, they do. Theyve done some surveys _show children like money or possessions most in life.A. whowho B. whichwhich C. whowhich D. whichwho17 Mr. Smith, what does an advertiser do?-An advertiser is a person _makes something known to the public, through newspapers or commercials.A. who B. that C. which D. Both A and B18 -My mother thinks many things _are advertised are silly and encourage violence. -So does mine .A. which B. who C. / D. what19. -The programme changed my view points. -Which programme? -The programme_I watched the day before yesterday .A. which B. that C. / D. All of the above20 -I think the TV programmes should be banned. -Which TV programmes? -The programmes_encourage violebce.A. which B.who C. whose D. All of the above21. -Dawn, I hear you know a lot about computers. Can you help me? -Sure. I have many skills _Id be happy to share with you. A which B. who C. where D. why 22.My parents live in a house _is more than 100 years old. A who B which C whose D where 23.-Whats your ideal mate like? -Well, I want a husband who _well. I enjoy eating, but I hate kitchens. A. cook B. cooks C cooking D. to cook24. I followed him to see _ he was going, and I was surprised when he went into the police station.A. how. B. where C. why D. whether.25. After living in Paris for fifty years he tetured to the small town _ he grew up as a child.A. which B. where C. that D. when26. What was you doing _ your sister fell off the bike?A. while B. when C. how D. because27. Keep my phone number _there is something wrong.A.so B. in case C.but D.in case of28. Mary is_ a nice gril _everyone likes her very much.A.so;that B.such; that C.so;in order that D.such;though29. Tom is working hard_ he can get good marks in the final exam.A.so as to B.in order to C.in order D.so that30. _he worked hard, _ he stilll failed the exam. A. Though , but B. Although, yet C. / , yet D. / , / 语法要点：定语从句：结构：先行词 + 关系词（代词或副词）+ 定语从句难点（1）