高一英语语法动词ing形式作主语、宾语和状语.doc

高一英语语法 动词ing 形式作主语、宾语和状语命题人：李虹 审题人：高一英语备课组 时间：2013-5-17一、 动词ing 形式作主语1. 动词ing形式作主语往往表示 的动作，谓语动词用 数。Eg: Swimming is my favourate sport.2. 在It is no use/no good/useless/worthwhile/dangerous/a waste of time /fun等后需用动名词作真正的主语。It is no use waiting for him any longer. It is a waste of time arguing about it. 3. 当句型“There is no”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时，需用动名词作主语。There is no joking about such matters. There is no point (in)doing sth There is no sense(in)doing sth. 【注意】当动名词做主语时，其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词或名词所有格构成。My sisters being ill made us worried.【题目】1. It is no good (不通过练习学英语)。2. （put）on more closthes is not so good.3. (invite) to the party was a great honour to the family. 4. to the station on time made everyone worried last week.A. Him not getting B. Tom not getting C. His not getting D. Not his getting二、 动词-ing形式作宾语1. 作动词的宾语。可接动名词作宾语的常见动词可用下面的口语记住：避免错过少延期（avoid, miss, postpone）建议完成多练习（advice, finish, practise）喜欢想象禁不住（enjoy, imagine, cant help）承认否认与嫉妒（admit, deny, envy）逃避冒险莫原谅（escape, risk, excuse）2.英语中有一些动词短语也常跟v-ing形式作宾语。常见的跟v-ing形式作宾语的动词短语有insist on, object to, be good at, lead to, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, devote to, get used to, pay attention to, be worth, be busy等。He insisted on doing it in his own way. 他坚持要按自己的方法去做。I have never dreamed of visiting that place. 我从未梦想过要参观那个地方。3.有些动词或词组后跟动词-ing形式或不定式都可以，但意思不同。stop to do sth stop doing sth remember doing sth remember to do sth forget doing sth forget to do sth regret doing sth regret to do sth mean to do sth mean doing sth try to do sth try doing sth 【题目】1). Everybody stopped (talk) as soon as the old expert began his speech.2). She is fond of (collect) stamps.3). I cant imagine the boy (speak) so rudely to his parents.4). Today were gong to practise (park).5). Instead of (go) to Zhongshan Park, they went to the zoo.4.下列动词可接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于 。need / want/require/deserve doing=need/want/require/deserve to be done【题目】这辆自行车需要修理一下 。三。动词-ing形式的否定形式动词-ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前加not，带有逻辑主语时not应放在动词-ing形式之前。Excuse me for my not coming on time.Im sorry for not having kept my promise.四。动词-ing形式的复合结构1.动词ing形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格，名词所有格或普通格加动名词，即“sb./sb.s+doing”构成。动名词的复合结构实际上是给动名词加了一个逻辑主语。2.动词-ing形式的复合结构有四种形式： 【注意】动名词的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。作主语时，不能用两种形式。【题目】1). the first prize last year impressed me a lot.汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。2). Do you mind now. 你介意我现在离开吗？3). Do you mind now. 你介意Jack现在离开吗？四、动词-ing形式作状语动词-ing形式可以作状语，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等。动词-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随情况状语时常位于句末。1 表示时间，相当于一个 Having made full preparations, we are ready for the examination.我们已经作好了充分准备，现在可以应考了。(= After we have made full preparations.)2 表示原因，相当于一个 Being ill, he didnt go to school yesterday. 由于生病，他昨天没有上学。(= Since he was ill.)3 表示结果，相当于一个 His father died, leaving him a lot of money. = and left him a lot of money. 他父亲死了，留给他许多钱.4 表示条件，相当于一个 Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed.=If you work hard at your lessons. 如果你努力学习，就一定能成功。5 表示让步，相当于一个 Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. = Although they knew all this.尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。6 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，相当于一个 He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time.= .and stared at the sky for a long time 他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。特别提醒1从属连词+动词-ing形式作状语为了使动词-ing形式作状语所表达的时间、条件、让步等意思更加明确，可在动词-ing形式前加上适当的连词(when, while, if，though，unless, even if等)。例如：1.Dont talk while having dinner.吃饭时不要说话。2.Once losing this chance, you cant easily find it.一旦失去这次机会你就很难找回特别提醒2 要避免无依着(无逻辑主语)动词-ing形式动词-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致,如果状语与主语不一致，可从句加上主语，变成主从复合句。例如：【错误】While reading the book, the telephone rang.【正确】While she was reading the book, the telephone rang. 她看书的时候，电话铃响了。（reading的动作不是the telephone发出）【错误】Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful.【正确】Looking out through the window, we found a beautiful garden.从窗户里，我们看见一个漂亮的花园。（looking的动作不是garden发出）特别提醒3 独立动词-ing形式作状语英语中有些动词-ing形式，如generally speaking, judging from，c*idering,talkingof，supposing等，它们作状语时的逻辑主语可以和句子的主语不一致。这种形式已成为固定的用法。例如：Supposing he is ill, who will do the work? 假如他病了，谁来做这工作呢？Generally speaking, boys are more interested in science than girls. 一般来说，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣。【题目】用所给词的适当形式填空1). My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle (try) to balance it.2). (work) hard as he did, he was still unable to earn enough money to buy a car.3). Much new and high technology has been introduced from America,thus (result) in great increase in production of the company.4). She forced herself to go out, (know) that she would feel more depressed if she stayed at home.5). (make) full preparations, we are ready for the examination.6). (believe)the earth to be flat, many people feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth.7). She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, (break) it onto pieces.【考例】8). Dina, _ _for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency. (湖南卷)A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D . to struggle9). It rained heavily in the south, _ _serious flooding in several provinces.（2010天津卷）A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause10). Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, _ _supplies to Yushu,Oinghai province after the earthquake. （2010福建）A. sending B.to send C. having sent D.to have sent11). _ _that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.（2008浙江卷）A. Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized语法专项1. I had great difficulty _ the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.A. find B. found C. to find D. finding2. I still remember _ to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken3. Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold4. As a result of the serious flood, two-third of the buildings in the area_.A. need reparing B,. needs to repair C. needs reparing D. need to repair5.-Can I smoke here?-Sorry. We dont allow_ here.A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking6.To improve your spoken English, you should practice_ it every day.A. speak B. to be spoken C. speaking D. to speak7. I regret_ that Im too busy_ in the talk.A. to say; to participate B. saying; participating C. to say; participating D. saying; to participate8.In my mind,_ that famous university will be the only way to become a worlds-class writer.A. attending B. attending C. attend D. having attended9. Seeing the funny scene, I cant help_.A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed10. We look forward every spring to _ the flower lined garden.A. walking in B. walk in C. visit D. paying a visit11. The girl said that she had never dreamt of _ a volunteer.A. be B. to be C. being D. is12. My grandfather is a millionaire, but _ money does not solve all his problem.A. has B. to have C. having D. having had13. _ to the station on time made everyone worried last week.A. Him mot getting B. Not his getting C. His not getting D. Not getting14. Never mind. Please try _ the problem in another way.A. solve B. to solve C. being solved D. solving15. I really appreciate _ time to relax with you on this nice island.A. to have had B. having