广州深圳新牛津版教材七年级下册Unit-4知识点小结.doc

精品文档Unit 4 Save the trees 知识点小结1.Discuss the importance of trees. 讨论树木的重要性。1）discuss及物动词，意为“讨论，谈论”。We should discuss the problem face to face.我们应该面对面地讨论这个问题。I have something important to discuss with you.我有要事与你商谈。2）importance不可数名词，意为“重要性”，其前面加定冠词the。the importance of意为“的重要性”。Do you know the importance of salt? 你知道盐的重要性吗？2.If I plant this seed in the ground, will it become a pear tree, Hi? 如果我把这粒种子种在地里，它会长成一棵梨树吗，Hi？If引导条件状语从句时，意为“如果”。条件状语从句表示主句动作发生的条件，有从句的动作发生就会有主句的动作发生。复合句一般都要遵循主、从句时态呼应规律。1）主句（包括祈使句和情态动词can, may, must等的句子）用一般现在时，从句也用一般现在时。You must see a doctor if you are ill.如果你生病了，你必须去看医生。2）如果主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表将来。即“主将从现”。We will go out if it is fine tomorrow.如果明天天气好，我们就出去。助记：if条件句不一般，几个要点记心间。条件句放在前，逗号要放句中间。条件句表事实，主句常用现在时；条件句表可能，主将从现要牢记。The children will climb the hill if it _tomorrow.A. wont rain B. didnt rain C. isnt raining D. doesnt rain解析：在含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句中，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。句意：如果明天不下雨，孩子们将去爬山。3.They help fight against pollution. 他们帮助与污染作斗争。1）fight不及物动词，意为“与作斗争”。常与介词against或with连用。They fought against the enemy fiercely.他们猛烈地还击敌人。She was always fighting with her neighbours about the fence.她和他的邻居总是为了栅栏的事争吵。拓展：fight及物动词，意为“战斗；反对”，可直接跟宾语。They fought their enemies bravely.他们勇敢杀敌。2）against介词，意为“反对”。其反义词是for，意为“支持，拥护”。一言辩异：Are you against or for the plan? 你是反对还是支持这个计划？拓展：against介词，还可意为“违背，违抗；紧靠；防备”。Its against your promise to go on smoking. 继续抽烟，这违背了你的诺言。We take our umbrella just against a rainy day. 我们带上雨伞以防雨天。4.They provide us with wood, fruit, etc. 它们为我们提供木材、果实等。provide及物动词，意为“提供；供应；供给”。provide sb. with sth.= provide sth. for sb.意为“为某人提供某物”。Sheep provide us with wool.= Sheep provide wool for us.绵羊为我们提供羊毛。5.The lives of trees. 树的生命。Lives是life的复数形式，意为“生命”In the earthquake, many people lost their lives.在地震中，许多人失去了生命。6.They help us in many ways. 它们在许多方面帮助我们。in many ways意为“在许多方面”。Way作可数名词，可意为“方面；方式；道理”。Do it (in) your own way.按你自己的方法做吧。Its the best way of studying/to study English. 这是学习英语的最好方法。The little girl asked me the way to the park. 小女孩问我去公园的路。7.They take in harmful gases from the air and produce oxygen for us to breathe. 它们从空气中吸收有害的气体，产生供我们呼吸的氧气。1）take in意为“吸收”。On weekends the Smiths usually drive to the countryside and take in the fresh air there. 周末，史密斯一家常驱车到农村去呼吸那里的新鲜空气。2）harmful形容词，意为“有害的”。 Be harmful to意为“对有危害”。Its harmful to your eyes to read in the bus. 在公共汽车上看书对你的眼睛有害。Smoking is harmful to ones health. 吸烟有害健康。3）provide及物动词，意为“产生；生产”，接名词或代词作宾语。What does the farm produce? 这个农场生产什么？The factory produces 1,000 cars a month. 这家工厂每月生产1000辆汽车。拓展：produce 不可数名词，意为“产品；农产品”。He took the produce of his garden to the market every Sunday. 他每周日把菜园的农产品送到市场上卖掉。8.In fact, we get a lot more from trees. 确切地说，我们从树木中得到更多。1）in fact意为“（补充细节）确切地说；（强调）事实上，实际上”。I used to live in France; in fact, not far from where you are going. 我曾在法国住过；确切地说，离你要去的地方不远。In fact, I didnt go home last night. 事实上，我昨晚没有回家。根据中文提示完成句子，没空一词。_ _（事实上），he is afraid of making speech in public.解析：由汉语提示可知填入In fact，意为“事实上，实际上”。答案： In fact2) a lot more意为“更多”，a lot可放在形容词或副词的比较级之前，表示程度，意为“很，非常”。He is feeling a lot better. 他感觉好多了。9.A lot of the furniture is made of wood.许多家具是由木头制成的。Be made of意为“由制成”。My desk is made of mood. 我的课桌是由木头制成的。辨析：be made of与be made fromBe made of 从产品中能看到原材料；制作过程中发生了物理变化Be make from 从产品中看不出原材料；制作过程中发生了化学变化The house are made of wood. 这些房子是由木头做成的。Wine is make from grapes. 葡萄酒是由葡萄制成的。助记：物质不变用of，物质变化from。Do you believe that paper is made _ wood?Yes, I do. And you can see that books are made _ paper.A. from; from B. from; of C. of; from D. of; of解析：be made of与be made from都意为“由制成”。 Be made from后的原材料不能从产品中看出，be made of后的原材料能从产品中看出。答案：B10.I cant imagine a world without trees. 我不能想象没有树的世界。Imagine动词，意为“想象，想到”。后可接名词、代词、动名词或宾语从句。I cant imagine what had happened. 我无法想象出了什么事。Can you imagine who is knocking at our door outside? 你能想到是谁在外面敲我们的门吗？The Internet is so closely connected with our daily life. Can you _ a life without it?A. understand B. imagine C. consider D. expect解析：understand“理解”，imagine“想像”；consider“考虑”；expect“盼望”。由第一句“互联网与我们的日常生活如此密切相关”推知，第二句句意为“你能想象没有互联网的生活吗？”答案：B11.But we cut down millions of trees every year. 但是我们每年砍伐数以百计的树木。1）cut down意为“砍伐；砍倒”。Dont cut down the tree that gives you shade. 遮阴之树不可砍。2）millions of意为“大量的；数以百计的”。当表示一个笼统的概念时，hundred，thousand，million，billion等词常用复数形式，且与介词of连用修饰名词。Millions of visitors came here last year. 去年大量的客人来这里。He has read hundreds of books. 他已读过数百本书。Did you know that the Earth is home to _ animal?A. million B. millions C. million of D. millions of解析：当表示不确定数目时，用millions of，排除B、C两项；表示确切数目时，million前面有数词修饰，用单数，排除A项。答案：D12.However 然而However副词，意为“然而；不过”，表示转折。You may, however, set off a little earlier. 然而你们可以早一点动身。辨析：however和butHowever 副词；可位于句首、句中、句末；必须用逗号与句中分开。But 连词；位于句首或句中；后来连接一个句子时无需用逗号。This book is cheap, however, its very useful. 这本书便宜，然而，它很有用。He often eats only a little, but he doesnt feel hungry. 他经常吃得很少却不感到饿。13.use to do sth. 意为“用来做”，其中动词不定式to do sth.表示目的或用途。He uses the bottle to keep water. 他用瓶子来装水。You could use a big bag to carry the books. 你可以用一个大袋子装书。14.We are having fun at the beach. 我们正在海滩上玩的高兴。1）have fun意为“玩得高兴，玩得愉快”，相当于enjoy oneself或have a good time。 Have fun中的fun是不可数名词，可用a lot of修饰。We have fun in the park. 我们在公园里玩得开心。You are sure to have fun at the party. 在聚会上你一定会玩得高兴。2）at the beach意为“在海滩上”，不仅指在海滩上，也可指海滩有浅水的地方。The boat stopped at the beach. 小船停在海滩上。15.on the beach意为“在海滩上”，指的是海滩上无水的地方（陆地）。I like lying on the beach to relax. 我喜欢躺在沙滩上放松。16.on the phone意为“在打电话，在电话中”，与by phone同义。介词on表示“通过某种方式”。We talk on the phone. 我们用电话交谈。Lets talk about it on the phone. 我们在电话里谈论吧。17.She can skate at a very high speed because she practise a lot. 她能以非常快的速度滑冰，因为她经常训练。1) at a very high speed意为“以非常快的速度”The car is running at a very high speed.汽车正急速向前行驶。2) practise及物动词，意为“训练；练习”。宾语可以是名词、代词或动名词。You must practise speaking English every day. 你必须每天练习说英语。She practise playing the piano every morning. 她每天早晨练习弹钢琴。拓展：practice 不可数名词，意为“练习”，指经常性或系统的重复练习。在美式英语中，practice也可作动词，相当于英式英语中的practise。Playing the piano needs a lot of practice. 弹奏钢琴需要多加练习。Why dont you join an English club to practise speaking English? 你为什么不参加英语俱乐部练习口语呢?Tim played the guitar very well in the school talent show.I think so. He practices _it every day.A. play B. playing C. to play D. plays解析：practice后跟名词或动名词形式，不能跟动词不定式，因此选B。答案：B18.but the speaker did not stop speaking until twenty past twelve. 但是发言者直到12点20才停止讲话。Notuntil意为“直到才.”。句子（主句）的动词一般是非延续性动词，它所表示的动作直到until所表示的时间才发生。We wont see any flowers until May. 直到五月我们才能看到花。You cannot leave until your work is finished. 在你的工作完成之前你不能离开。拓展：until连词，意为“直到时”。用于肯定句，句子（主句）的动词一般是延续性动词。He waits until the children are asleep. 他一直等到孩子们睡着。I shall stay here until twelve oclock. 我将待在这里一直到十二点钟。Where are you going for the coming winter camp?I wont decide on the place _ the end of this month.A. until B. unless C. though D. through解析：until“直到”；unless“除非”；though“尽管”；through“通过”。由答语句意“直到这个月末，我才把地点定下来”可知until符合题意。答案：A19. dig及物动词，意为“挖”，其后可接名词或代词作宾语。They are digging a tunnel through the hill.他们正在挖一条贯穿这座山的隧道。We must dig the vegetable garden.我们必须把菜园挖一遍。20.another形容词，意为“三者或三者以上的另一个，再一个”。He asked me another question.他又问了我一个问题。辨析：another, other, the other, others, the othersAnother 形容词；代词，“三者或三者以上中的另一个”Other 形容词“其他的，其余的”，作代词时，常用复数形式。The other 指两者中的另一个，常与one连用:onethe other意为“一个另一个”Others 代词，意为“其他的人或物”The others 意为“其余的人或物，表示一个范围内的其他全部”I dont like this one. Show me another, please.我不喜欢这个，请给我看看另一个。Id like to travel to other countries. 我想到别的国家旅行。He has tow daughters. One is nurse; the other is a worker. 他有两个女儿，一个护士，另一个是工人。Some people enjoy exercise, but others dont. 有些人喜欢运动，但有些人则不喜欢。Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home. 两个男孩将去动物园，其余的待在家里。We have five kinds of schoolbags. Do you like this one?No. Can you show me _?A. another B. each other C. the other D. others解析：another意为“三个或三个以上中的另一个”。句意“我们有五种书包，你洗这个吗？”“不。你可以给我看看另一个吗？”答案：A21.It covers five and a half million square kilometres of the Amazon Basin and spreads across nine countries. 他覆盖了亚马逊流域550百万平方千米的面积，横穿了9个国家。Cover动词，意为“覆盖，遮盖”。Coverwith意为“用把盖上”，be covered with意为“被覆盖着”。Cover a glass of water with a piece of thick paper. 用一张厚纸盖在一杯水上。The road is usually covered with snow in winter. 冬天马路常常被雪覆盖。拓展：cover可数名词，意为“覆盖物，盖子，封面”In spring, people put covers over plants to keep them warm at night. 春天，人们晚上在植物上放置一些覆盖物来给它们取暖。The book needs a new cover. 这本书需要一个新封面。22.This is called “deforestation”. 这叫做“森林砍伐”。Be called意为“被称作，被叫做”The outgoing girl is called Alice. 那个开朗的女孩叫爱丽斯。23.Many living things lose their homes because of deforestation. 许多生物因为森林的砍伐失去家园。Because of意为“因为”。The football match was put off because of the rain. 因为下雨，足球赛延期了。辨析：because of与becauseBecause of 介词短语；其后接名词、代词、动名词等Because 连词；后跟句子，是主句的直接原因He lost his job because of his age. 由于年龄关系他失去了工作。I didnt buy it because it was too expensive. 我没有买它是因为它太贵了。24.As a result, the number of kinds of animals, birds, insects and trees in the world is decreasing. 结果，世界上动物、鸟类、昆虫和树的数目正在减少。1）as a result 意为“结果，因此”。He didnt practise, and as a result he lost. 他没有练习，因此输了。The traffic was very happy. As a result, we didnt arrive on time. 交通十分拥挤，因为我们没能准时到达。2）the number of意为“的数量”The number of the students is our class is 50. 我们班学生的人数是50。辨析：the number of和a number ofThe number of 意为“的数量” 后街复数名词，但谓语动词要用单数形式。常跟large,samll等词作表语。A number of意为“大量；许多”相当于many；接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；number前可加small; large; huge等表示程度。The number of the students in our school is 2,000. 我们学校的学生人数是2,000。A number of students are playing football.许多学生正在踢足球。How many students are there in your school?_the students in our school _over two thousand.A. The number of; is B. The number of; areC.A number of; isD. A number of; are解析：a number of“许多，大量”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。The number of“的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。答句句意“我们学校学生的人数是两千多”。答案：A25.We must do our best to protect the Amazon rainforest. 我们必须尽我们最大的努力来保护亚马逊雨林。1） do ones best to do sth. 意为“尽某人最大的努力做某事”，可换成try ones best to do sth.We should do/try our best to study English. 我们要尽全力学习英语。2）protect动词，意为“保护”。常与介词from连用，构成短语protect sb. from sth. 意为“保护免受的伤害”。Wearing dark glasses can protect your eyes from the sun. 戴墨镜可以保护眼睛不受阳光的照射。拓展：protectfrom中，动词protect所接的宾语是被保护的对象。Parents try to protect their children from danger as far as possible. 父母想尽量保护自己的子女免遭危险。26.Tea is the most popular drink in the world besides water. 茶是世界上除了水之外最受欢迎的饮料。Besides介词，意为“除之外（还有）。Five others were late besides me. 除了我以外，还有5个人迟到