初三定语从句Module.doc

Module 7that 引导的定语从句修饰某一名词或代词，有时可修饰一个句子的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 如：that, which, who, whom, whose, as when, where, why等一、关系代词的基本用法人/物作主语作宾语作定语指人 who/thatwho/whom/ that/省略whose指物which/thatwhich/that/省略whose二、that作关系代词时的用法1.that 可以指人，相当于who/whom. 注意that作宾语时，常省略。 如： The woman athlete (that/who/whom) I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal. 我在报纸上看到过的那位女运动员刚刚获得了一枚金牌。2.也可以指物。指物时， 相当于which. 注意that作宾语时，常省略。 如： The tomato is a vegetable that/which is good for health. 西红柿是一种对健康有益的蔬菜。三、只能用that 引导的情况1. 当先行词是everything,anything, nothing, all, none, few, little,some 等不定代词时，或先行词被 every, any, all, some, no, little,few, much等词修饰时。 如：（1）Have you written down everything that Mr. Green said? 格林先生所讲的话你都记下来了吗？（2）Is there anything that you dont know? 有你不懂的东西吗？(3) I want to read all the books that were written by Lu Xun. 我想读鲁迅写的所有的书。（4）There is little that I can do for you. 我几乎不能为你做什么。2.当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级，the only, the last(最后的), the same, the very（正好，恰恰） （1）He is the most intelligent man that I have ever met. 他是我曾经见过的最富有智慧的人。 （2）This is the second book that I have read. 这是我读过的第二本书了。 （3）This is the very book that I want to buy. 这正是我想买的书。 3.当有两个或两个以上表示人和物的先行词时。如：We are talking about the people and the things that we have visited in the country.我们在谈论在乡下访问过的人和物。4. 当先行词前有who, which 等疑问代词时。 如; (1) Who is the man that is sitting there? 坐在那里的人是谁？ （2）Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 哪件T恤最适合我？专项习题精练一、请用方框标出句子中的先行词，用横线标出定语从句部分。1.We are going to do a project about countries that we want to visit.2. The camel that I rode had a bad temper.3. The games that they love the most are football, cricket and rugby4. Did the police catch the robber that escaped from the police station?5.The photo that I took in Australia is beautiful.6.Check the ways you study for an English test. 7.Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar. 8.You couldnt understand people who talked fast. 9.I have some ideas that may help. 10.They said something you didnt like. 11.Can you think of any problems you have had recently?12.He would always take pride in everything good I do. 13.My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school. 14.What are some of the rules that a teenager should obey?15If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me. 16Standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some countries. 17If you know someone you know doing this, you can ask them. 18All I ever wanted to do was traveling. 二、补全句子，注意定语从句的规律。1.Here is the pen _(你昨天丢的) 2. I have lost the watch _( 我父亲给我的)3.The man_(昨天在这里的) is a scientist.4.The animal _(有长脖子的) is my favourite. 5.The film _(我最喜欢的) is Harry Potter.5.Anyone _ this opinion may speak outA that againstsB that againstC who is against D who are against6.They talked for about an hour of things and persons _ they remembered in the schoolA whichB that C who D whom7. Who _ has common sense will do such a thing?A which B who C whom D that8. All the apples _ fell down were eaten by the pigsA thatB those C whichD what9.This is the biggest laboratory _ we have ever built in our schoolA which B that C where D /10. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?A thatB / C whichD it11. Is there anything _ to you?A that is belonged B that belongsC that belongD which belongs12.Ill never forget the last day_ we spent together13.It is the third time _you have made the same mistake Module 8which, who, whom引导的定语从句一、which引导的定语从句 which引导的定语从句修饰表示物的先行词，在从句中作主语，也可作宾语，相当于that.如：（1）This is the book which you want.这就是你想要的那本书。（2）The building which stands near the river is our school.那栋靠近小河的建筑物是我们的学校。（3）The room in which there is a machine is a workshop. 里面有一台机器的那个房间是一个车间。（介词后的which不能省略）【归纳拓展】 如果关系代词表示物且其前面使用了介词，此时只能用which,而不能用that. 如：This is the train by which we went to Beijing. 这就是我们去北京所乘的那列火车。二、who引导的定语从句由who引导的定语从句，一般来说，修饰表示人的先行词;who在从句中作主语，口语中也可作宾语。当其在从句中作主语时，后面跟动词；作宾语时，后面跟主语。如：（1）Here comes the man who wants to see you. 那个想见你的男子来这里了。（2）Here comes the man who you want to see. 你想见的那个男子来这里了。（3）Is this the girl who sings very well? 这就是那个唱歌很好的女孩子吗？（4）The old man who you took good care of last year came to see you just now. 你去年照顾得很好的那位老人刚才来看你了。三、whom引导的定语从句 whom在从句中作宾语，修饰表示人的先行词，口语中可以省略。 如： （1）The doctor (whom) you are looking for is in the room.你正在找的那位医生在这个房间。（2）The person (whom) you just talked to is Mr. Li. 刚才和你谈话的人是李先生。The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. (介词后的whom不能省略)（3）The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy. 那些护士正在照看的宝宝们都很健康。专项习题精练1. The building _ we built last year is very tall. A. where B. when C. which D. why2. There are no children _ love their parents. A. that do not B. who does not C. that D. who3. Who is the man _ talked with you just now? A, who B. that C. whom D. whose4. That was the year _I went to America. A. when B. where C. that D. which5.Look at the boy and his dog _ are coming. A. who B. which C. that D. whom6. People _think that there is no earthquake here. A. who study earthquake B. whom study earthquake C. who studies earthquake D. that studies earthquake7.The young man _ is a friend of mine. A. who I had a talk B. whom I had a talk C. whom I had a talk with D. which I had a talk with8.The computer _ last week has not been fixed. A. which we bought it B. t