深圳牛津版七年级下册知识点总结.docx

精品文档深圳牛津版七年级下册课文知识点复习总结Unit18期末总复习Unit1 People around usKey phrases1. hard-workingadj.“勤勉的，努力工作的”作定语work hard动副结构短语2. be patient with sb.“对某人有耐心“3. take (ones) time to do sth.“花费时间做某事”It takes sb. some time to do sth.=sb. spend some time on sth./(in) doing sth.“做某事需花费时间”4. like doing sth. “喜欢做某事”（表喜欢、爱好某种经常的或习惯性的活动）like to do sth. “喜欢去做”（表喜欢、爱好某种特定的或具体的活动）Eg. I like visiting friends on Sundays and I like to visit Tom this Sunday.like sb. to do sth.“喜欢某人做某事”Eg. We all like him to play the guitarlike 介词Eg. She looks like her father.5. with同，与，和talk with a friend用（工具、手段）cut meat with a knife在身边（随身携带）Do you have any money with you?Take an umbrella with you?以，带着She often talks with smile.6.always 频率副词“总是”be动词或助动词之后，行为动词之前Eg. Our teacher is always kind to us.“一直；（将）永远；老是（用于进行时）”Eg. I will always remember your words.She is always moving things around.He has always been the bablyadv.“大概；很可能”adj.“可能的，大概”Eg.Ill probably be a doctor in the future.It is probable to finish the job before dark.8.in the world世界上all over the world = throughout the world全世界9.neveradv.是 ever 的否定形式，用于加强否定语气。位于be动词或助动词后，行为动词前；语气比not强。反义词alwaysnotadv.“没有，不”表示否定，用在助动词或情态动词后noadv.adj.“没有的；不许的；一点也没有；不”用于否定回答nothing不定代词“没有动词；没有事情”Eg.We never use it.I dont know.Its no use doing it.I have nothing for you.10.as well副词短语，位于句尾，有时与连词and或but搭配使用。“也，又，还有，同样的”同义词：also, tooEg. He speaks English and Spanish as well= He speaks English and he speaks Spanish, too.= He speaks English and he also speaks Spanish.He is a worker and a poet as well.tooadv. 一般位于句尾或插入语放在句中，只用于肯定句，口语中与also通用alsoadv. 用在句中，一般放在be动词或助动词之后，行为动词之前as well as用作介词 “还有，不但而且”在A as well as B 的结构中，语意重点在A,不在B。Eg. He thinks the other way is better. I do, too.He also likes English. = He likes English, too.He can speak Spanish as well as English.11.take care of = look after照顾，照看12.miss sb. very much非常想念某人miss 用作动词时，还有“漏掉，错过（机会）；丢掉”13.to make me laughmake fun of = laugh at取笑，嘲弄14.make a study of = studymake sb./sth. +形容词（作宾补），“使怎么样”Eg.It made me happy.We are doing our best to make our country more beautiful.make sb. Do sth.使某人做某事Eg. His jokes made us all laugh.15.be good at擅长= do well in在某方面做的好反义表达：be poor atEg. He is good at Japanese. = He does well in Japanese.They are very good at playing football. = They do very well in playing football.16.remain作系动词后接名词或形容词“一直保持，仍然（处于某种状态）”17.be full of充满与 be filled withadj.V.The basket is filled with apples.= The basket is full of apples.18.be strict about sth.对某事要求严格be strict with sb.对某人要求严格be strict in sth./doing sth.在（做）某事上要求严格Eg. Our teacher is always strict with us.We must be strict about this problem.Our teacher is very strict in her work19.support 不可数名词“支持”Eg. Please give me some support.I want to get some support from my friends.20.give up动副短语“放弃”不可带宾语可跟名词或动名词作宾语Eg.the problem is too difficult. I shall give it up.lHe has given up smoking. = He has stopped smoking.21.successfuladj.“成功的”success n.Succeed v.Eg. His operation is very successful.He is a successful businessman.Nothing succeeds like success. 一事成功，事事顺利。22.phone sb. = call sb. “打电话”23.ask about sth.(sb.) “询问有关某事（或某人）的情况”ask after sb.“问候某人（的健康）”ask for sth.“要求得到某物或要求与某人见面”ask to do sth.“要求或请求做某事”ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”Eg. They all ask after you.He asked for some water.A Mr Smith is asking for you.They asked me for help.He asked her for her address.He asked to go with us.He asked us to wait for him at the gate.24.take notes = make notes“做笔记，做记录”note与take 构成固定搭配必须用复数形式Key grammar冠词冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。I. 不定冠词的用法：1指一类人或事，相当于a kind ofA plane is a machine that can fly.2第一次提及某人某物，非特指A boy is waiting for you.3表示“每一”相当于every，oneWe study eight hours a day.4表示“相同”相当于the sameWe are nearly of an age.5用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were outThat boy is rather a Lei Feng.6用于固定词组中A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后This room is rather a big one.8用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.II. 定冠词的用法：1用于世上独一无二的事物名词前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean2表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事Would you mind opening the door?3用于乐器前面play the violin, play the guitar4表示“一家人”或“夫妇”the Greens, the Wangs5用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前He is the taller of the two children.6上文提到的事物，再次提到I have a pen,the pen is very beautiful.7用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的词组前He patted me on the shoulder. in the eas8用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前the United States, the Communist Party of China, the FrenchIII. 零冠词的用法：1专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air2名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制I want this book, not that one. /Whose purse is this?3球类，棋类名词前He likes playing football/chess.4与by连用表示交通工具的名词前by train, by air, by landPractice（ ）1.What does Mr Black do?He is _English teacher.A /B theC anD a() 2. _ train goes faster than _bus.A.A; aB. A; theC.The;theD The;a() 3.Its early. We have half _ hour to go.A anB aC theD/() 4.Evening came, we could see _ old man sitting under _ tall tree.A an; /B the;/C a; theD a; the() 5. We have _ lunch in _ middle of _ day.A /;a;/B the;/;anC a;the;/D /;the;the() 6.Which one do you want?_ blue one,I think.A.TheB. AC. AnD.不填() 7.Does Jim have _ ruler？Yes，he has _ Aan；someBa；oneCa；Dany；one() 8.There is _old bike _ old bike is Mr ZhaosAan ；TheBthe；AnCa；TheDthe；The() 9. _ apple a day keeps the doctors aw ayATheBACAnDTwo() 10.How many books do you have？I have _bookThats _English bookAa；anBa；one Cone；anDone；one() 11.At that time Tom was _ one-year-old babyAaBanCtheD() 12. _ tiger is _ChinaAThe；aBA；theCThe；fromDThe；the()13.We cant see _sun at _nightAthe；theBthe；Ca；D；()14. _ useful book it is！AWhat anBHow aCWhat aDWhat()15.One afternoon he found _ handbagThere was _ “s”on the corner of _handbagAa；an；theBa；a；theCan；an；anDthe；a；a() 16. _ old lady with white hair spoke _English well at _ meetingAAn；an；aBThe；anCThe；aDThe；the() 17. _ Great Wall is _longest wall in the worldAA；aBThe；theCA；theDThe；a() 18. _ new bridge has been built over Huangpu RiverAThe；aBA；CA；theDAn；the() 19. _ woman over there is _popular teacher in our schoolAA；anBThe；aCThe；theDA；the() 20.He used to be _teacher but later he turned _writerAa；aBa；theC；aDa；Unit 2 Travelling around the worldKey phrases1.aroundprep. “围绕；在周围”Eg.The earth goes around the sun.adv.“大约；到处”Eg.The bag is around three kilos.I found nobody around.2.be silly to do sth. = Its silly of sb. to do sth.Eg. You are silly to spend so much money on clothes.= Its silly of you to spend so much money on clothes.3.Frenchadj. 法国的， 法国人的；法语的The French (=French people) like delicious food.4.famous 比 well-known 知名度更高Eg.This book is not only well-known, but also famous.众所周知的著名的5.westn.“西，西方，西部”Westernadj.“西面的；西部的”6.places of interest名胜古迹7.such as列举整体之中的部分同类事物；插在被列举事物与前面的名词之间；后面不可有逗号；后接名词或名词词组，可与and son on连用for example 用来举例说明； 在句中作插入语，置于句首、句中、句末；后面需有逗号Eg.I visited some cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Dalian.Id like to keep a pet, for example, a dog.8.be famous for因而闻名be famous as以（身份）而出名Eg.China is famous for the Great Wall.Mark Twin was famous as a story writer.主语是人be famous for因作品或特征而出名be famous as作为某种身份而出名主语是地点be famous for因某种特点（产品、建筑、名胜）而出名be famous as以什么产地/地方而出名Eg.He is famous for his great inventions.He is famous as a great inventor.France is famous for its fine food and wine.The town is famous as a wine-producing place.9.excellentadj.= very good , wonderfulbe excellent at/in sth.在某方面优秀10.make wine酿造葡萄酒be made by sb.由某人制成Eg.This coat was made by my mother.be made of sth. 由制成（能看出原材料）Eg.Our desks are made of wood.be made from由制成（看不出原材料）Eg.This kind of paper is made from grass.be made into被制成Eg.Wood can be made into many kinds of furniture.be made in在地方制作或生产 Eg.This kind of car is made in Shenzhen.11.on the coast在海岸线上，在海岸along the coast 沿海岸线on the beach 在海滩上along the beach 沿海滩by the sea 在海边，靠海by sea经海陆，乘船12.by 就在身边，比near距离更近一些Eg.we spend the holiday by the sea. 看得见海near不明确的附近、不远处Eg.We spend the holiday near the sea.13.prefer to do sth.=like to do sth. better更喜欢做某事prefer +名词/动名词prefer A to B 喜欢A胜过Bprefer to do sth. rather than (to) do sth. 更愿意，不愿Eg. He prefers to walk in the rain.I prefer to spend the weekend at home.Do you prefer meat or fish?I prefer dogs to cats.I prefer to go shopping rather than stay at home.=I prefer going shopping to staying at home.14.try doing sth.尝试着去做某事；经常表示建议做某事try to do努力设法去做某事，试图、尽力做某事Eg.He tried to climb the tree, but he could not.Why dont you try listening to some light music.15.Why not ask for your teachers help?= Why dont you ask for your teachers help.16.in fact 事实上，实际上作状语，强调或订正前句17.metres+tall人物metres+high建筑物18.almost = nearly19.go to +地点名词到达某处同义表达：arrive at/in; reachEg. He gets to school at 7:00 every day.= He arrives at school at 7:00 every day.= He reaches school at 7:00 every day.20.take a lift = go by liftKey grammar专有名词 （proper noun）(1)专有名词可表示的名称：人名如：Jenny地名如：China节日名称如：the Spring festival星期名称如：Sunday月份名称如：May组织机构名称 如：the Red Cross书籍报刊名称如：China Daily(2) 注意事项： 一般情况，专有名词的第一个字母大写，前面不能用不定冠词“a”或“an”，通常没复数形式。Eg：Beijing is the capital of China. 有时专有名词可以转化成普通名词，转化后它具有普通名词的特性，可以在其面前加不定冠词“a” ，也可以在其词尾加表示复数形式的“s”。Eg：A Mr Green called just now. 姓氏是专有名词，一般情况下，没复数形式，前面也不能加定冠词“the”。但如果姓氏前面加定冠词“the”，并后面加上“s”时。则表示“一家人”（其谓语用复数）。Eg: The Blacks are having dinner. 有些专有名词表面上看是复数形式，但实际使用中谓语动词通常用单数形式。Eg: The United States is in America.并列连词：and， but， soPractice用连词and， but，和so填空。My brother is ill, _ I have to stay at home.He has a lot of money, _ he spends little.Take some medicine, _ you will feel better.I came to see him, _ he wasnt at home.Work hard, _ you will pass the English exam. 单项填空1. They are good at swimming, _ I am not.A. andB. butC. soD. or2. The old woman cant read _ write.A. andB. orC. butD. and can3. _ John felt tired, _ he still went on working.A. Because; soB. Although; butC. /; soD. /; but4. He is rich, _ he isnt happy.A. butB. andC. orD. so5. Lucy has seen the film, _ Lily hasnt.A. andB. orC. butD. so6. Would you like to go to the cinema with me?- Id like to, _ I m afraid I have no time.A. soB. orC. andD. but7. Jenny, put on your coat _ you will catch a cold.A. butB. andC. orD. so8. Last night I went to bed late, _ I am really tired now.A. soB. orC. butD. becauseUnit3 Our animal friendsKey phrases1.blindadj.失明的作定语或表语前加定冠词the表示一类人Eg. He is blind.He was a teacher of the blind.【固定搭配】(as) blind as a bat视力极差的，几乎看不见的be blind to .对视而不见turn a blind eye to.对熟视无睹Eg. He is blind to his own faults.2.Television programme3.helpfuladj.有帮助的，有益的近义词：useful反义词:helpless（无助的）Eg. Our teachers are kind and helpful.4.meanvt.过去式：meant“表示的意思”名词：meaning(意思；意义)Eg. What do you mean by saying that?What does this word mean? = Whats the meaning of this word?5.welcomeadj.“受欢迎的”【拓展】感叹词“欢迎”Eg. Welcome to China!Vt.“欢迎（人），欣然接受（意见）”Eg. All the students and teachers welcome Doctor Brown.交际用语 “不用谢，不客气”Eg. -Thank you for your help.-Youre welcome.6.sorryadj.“对不起”用于对别人有伤害或做错事时。be sorry+句子 “对抱歉”【拓展】be sorry to do sth.抱歉做某事Eg. Im sorry to trouble you.be sorry about sth.为某事感到遗憾be sorry for sb.为某人感到难过、同情Eg. Im sorry about whats happened.感到遗憾I am very sorry for the family.十分同情交际口语听到伤心或不愉快的消息时的回答Eg.-Im afraid hes ill.-Im sorry to hear that.Excuse me通常用在打扰别人或吸引别人注意时，在说或做某事之前使用Sorry在说活做这件事之后使用，表示歉意Eg. Excuse me, where is the bank?Sorry, I cant remember your name.7. anywhereadv.“任何地方；无论何处” （用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句）Eg. I havent got anywhere to live.没找到住的地方。Did you try to get help from anywhere.If you go anywhere, take me with you.【拓展】somewhere“在某处”用于肯定句中nowhere“无处，任何地方都不（表示否定意义，等于not.anywhere）”8.by oneself独自在句中用作状语Eg. I can do it by myself.9.apologizevi“道歉，认错” = say sorry【短语】apologize to sb. = say sorry to sb. 向某人道歉apologize for sth. / doing sth.为（做）某事道歉用Eg. You must apologize to her for having kept her waiting.10.leadvt&vi(过去式led)“引导；领导”lead sb. to . 引领某人去某处Eg. The boy led the blind man to the other side of the road.11.fall asleep“入睡”同义：go to sleepsleep为adj.n.-sleepEg. I fell asleep soon after I went to bed last night.不久就睡觉了12.start to do sth. = begin to do sth.还可用start doing sth.Eg.It started rainingto rain.开始下雨了。13.wakevi&vt.醒；唤醒。wake up 醒来；wake up sb.(wake sb. up) 唤醒某人。Eg. His mother wakes him up every morning, for he cant wake up himself.Ill wake him up right now.14.with ones help = with the help of sb.在某人的帮助下Eg. I worked out the problem with Marys help.在Mary的帮助下15.get down蹲下；趴下；下车Eg. She got down on the floor.We get down at the next station. 下车16.next toprep. 紧邻；在近旁Eg. Come and sit next to me.17.get . out of. 使从出去get out of.从出去，离开Eg. The police got the boy out of the house on fire.He got out of the car at the school gate.18.atthe airport在机场19.dangerous things “有害物品，危险物品”dangerousadj.危险的比较级:more dangerous最高级：most dangerousdangern.in danger“处于危险中”Eg.This kind of animal is dangerous.动物是危险的This kind of animals is in danger.面临危险20.appearvi出现，显现反义词：disappearn.appearance外貌、外观Eg. A rainbow appeared in the sky after the rain.出现一道彩虹21.push. away from.把从推开too far away离得太远Key grammarReflexive pronouns反身代词1.反身代词的基本用法是在句子中作宾语或表语。（反身代词反指句子的主语，表示“本人”或“亲自”）Did you enjoy yourself last night?We should not think only of ourselves.He did the homework himself.2.by oneself 形式，其含义为alone（单独地，独自地）I went on holiday by himself. (= I went on holiday alone.)She learnt English by herself.(=)3.反身代词常用于某些固定搭配中。all by oneselflearn by oneselfthink to oneselfsay to oneselfteach oneselfleave one by oneselfmake oneself at home练习用适当的反身代词完成句子。1. Im not angry with you. Im angry with.2. Margraret had a nice time in London. She enjoyedso much.3. My friends had a nice time in London. They enjoyedvery much.4. He never thinks about other people. He only thinks about.5.I want to know more about you. Tell me about.(one person)6. Goodbye! Have a nice holiday and look after.(two people)7. I cookeda meal and then I watched television.8. She put the plates on the table and told them to helpto the food.9. Tom hurtwhen he was playing football.10. We painted the whole house.其他1. Dont worry about me. Im old enough to think for.A. himselfB. herselfC. yourselfD. myself2. Mr. Mre has more money than Mr. Little. But he doesnt enjoy.A. heB. himC. hisD. himself3. 翻译:帮助别人就是帮助自己。 Helping others is helpingPrepositions of position方位介词1. in 的用法1）in 可以用来表示“在一个被包围的空间中”。in a room/a shop/ a car/the water2)in用来表示“在一大片平面的地域内”in a garden/a town/ the city centre/France3)in常见短语in bedin hospital/i