动词不定式的被动语态69777.ppt

Unit2Robots Grammar 动词不定式的被动语态 一 复习各种时态的被动语态 被动语态的基本结构 be done 以thebook publish为例 一般现在 过去时 Thebook 一般 过去将来时 Thebook Thebook 现在 过去进行时 Thebook 现在 过去完成时 Thebook 情态动词 Thebook is waspublished will wouldbepublished is wasgoingtobepublished is wasbeingpublished has hadbeenpublished can could may might bepublished 二 动词不定式的被动语态1 动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式 1 一般式 not never tobedone2 完成式 not never tohavebeendone 表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前 2 动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用1 做主语 常用it做形式主语 Tobeofferedsympathybyarobotisridiculous 被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式 是一大荣幸 2 做表语ThepartyistobeheldnextSaturdayevening 明年 这种新药将在500个过度肥胖的人上进行试验 Itisridiculoustobeofferedsympathyby ItisagreathonortobeinvitedtoattendtheopeningceremonyofAsianGames Thenewdrugistobetestedoutonthe500overweightpeoplenextyear 3 做宾语Shedidn tliketobetreatedasachild Hepretendedtohavebeenbeatenbyhisstep father 这位职员不希望被她的顾客嘲笑 Theclerkwouldn tliketobelaughedatbyhercustomers 4 做宾语补足语Tonyexpectedthehousetobecompletelytransformed 这个残疾的孩子希望由这个主建筑师来设计这座电影院 Thedisabledchildexpectedthecinematobedesignedbythechiefarchitect 5 做定语Whatavictorytobeenviedbythosewomen 英国人对即将在伦敦举行的奥运会感到骄傲 TheEnglishareproudoftheOlympicGamestobeheldinLondon 6 做状语AllthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediatelysoastobereceivedintimeforChristmas 他匆忙赶到订票处 bookingoffice 却被告知所有的票都卖完了 Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonlytobetoldthatalltheticketshadbeensoldout 3 在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思 1 不定式作后置定语 与被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系 但又与该句主语 或另一名词 代词 构成逻辑上的主谓关系时 Hehasnothingtoeat 分析 eat动 nothing宾 he主 eat谓Iwillgiveyouabooktoread 分析 动 宾 主 谓这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布 read abook you read Theelegantladyhadsomethingtodeclare 比较 Ihavealotofletterstotype 我有很多信件要打印 Iwilltypetheletter Ihavealotofletterstobetyped 意思为 Igetsb totypetheletter 1 I llgotoNewYork Haveyouanything take toyourwifethere 2 Haveyouanyclothes wash sir askedthemaid3 IcannotgooutnowasIhavealotofclothes wash tobetaken tobewashed towash 注意 若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时 不定式则必须用被动式 3 在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思 2 在 主语 表语 形容词 todo 中 主语也是不定式的逻辑宾语 即不定式动词和主语之间是动宾关系 Thisquestioniseasytoanswer 分析 answer 动 thisquestion 宾 注意 如果动词为不及物动词 则要注意介词的搭配 Johnisdifficulttodealwith 分析 动 宾 如 这扶手椅坐起来很舒服 这题目很难算出来 dealwith John Thearmchairiscomfortabletositin Thequestionisdifficulttoworkout 4 Therebe结构中 用不定式的主动和被动式来修饰主语 区别不大 Thereisalotofworktodo tobedone 多用主动形式 没有什么可担心的 Thereisnothingtoworryabout 1 Itwilltakeseveralweeksforyourcomputerto repair 2 Iknewhim catch bythepolice 3 Avoteisrequired take inourcompanyatonce 4 Thismakesitpossibleforthem make metalsintoanyrequiredshapes 5 Dickspedonthemotorwayonly fine 6 Whensomemoneywentmissingfromthebank Thomaswasbelieved steal it berepaired tohavebeencaught tobetaken tomake tohavestolen tobefined 练习 7 Ihope admit toZhongshanUniversity 8 Thebookissaidto translate intoseverallanguages 9 Ifeelgreatlyhonored welcome intotheirsociety 10 Comeon Itisaneasysentence translate 11 WhenIcamein hepretendedto read 12 Allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately receive intimeforChristmas 13 MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter notdrive afterdrinking totranslate tobewelcomed havebeentranslated tobeadmitted bereading tobereceived nottodrive 14 Hearingthegoodnews hewastooexcited speak 15 Ithappened rain whenIgotthere 16 Iamterriblysorry lose yourkey 17 Iamsorry say thatheisgoingfrombadtoworse 18 Heasked send totheplacewherehewasmostneeded 19 Whathehopedwas admit intotheuniversity20 Hegottothestationonly find alltheticketshadbeensoldout 21 Iamsorry keep youwaitingsolong tospeak toberaining tohavelost tosay tobesent tobeadmitted tofind tohavekept 22 Ontheirreturnthefatheraskedhisson explain whathehadlearnt 23 Myadvisorencouragedme take asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills 24 Idon tknowwhetheryouhappen hear butI mgoingtostudyintheU S AthisSeptember 25 Thefluisbelieved cause byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat 26 Heseems punish byhisteacheryesterday 27 save thebadlysicklady thedoctorhadanoperationonher 28 Hewastoofrightened say anything toexplain totake tohaveheard tobecaused tohavebeenpunished Tosave tosay 29 Theschoolorderedalltheclassroom clean 30 Mygrandmotherseemstohavealot worry about 31 Iamgoingtothepostoffice Doyouhaveanyletter post 32 Youareluckyenough notcatch intherain nottohavebeencaught tobeposted toworry tobecleaned 二 翻译练习1 据说这会议已经被取消了Themeetingissaidtohavebeencancelled 2 这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣 Thestudentseemstohavelostinterestinpolitics 3 残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑 Thedisableddon tliketobelaughedat 4 没有可以可以浪费的时间了 Thereisnotimetowaste bewasted5 能被邀请