高三英语语法复习课件：状语从句(完整版)ppt课件.ppt

状语从句复习 1 定义 在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句 它可以用来修饰谓语 包括非谓语动词 定语或状语 或是整个句子 2 准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键 同时要注意主从句的时态呼应 3 状语从句一般分为九大类 状语从句类别 时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句目的状语从句结果状语从句条件状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句让步状语从句 4 1 时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的连词有 when while as themoment before after till until since assoonas等 请注意when while as的区别 5 When 当 时候 通常指某一特定的时间点 主句与从句的动作同时发生 WhenIopenedthewindow Isawhimcomeup WhenIhavetime Iwillgotoseeyou 6 WhenIcamehome Imetanoldschoolmateofmine Hesaidhewouldtellheraboutitwhenhesawher 注意 在时间状语从句中 主从句都是将来的动作或状态时 习惯上主句用将来时 从句用一般现在时 7 When 正在 的时候 突然 通常主句是进行时或beaboutto时 在翻译的时候 when可以译成没想到或突然 Iwaswalkingalongthestreet whenImethim Iwasabouttofallasleepwhenmysistercamein 8 Oneevening littleHanswassittingnearthefirewhenheheardaloudknockatthedoor 9 When当从句是进行时 主句是一般时 往往表示不满 SomeoneknockedatthedoorwhenIwashavingbreakfast WhenIwasleavingthehouse thepostmanarrived 10 Whenthechildrenhadgonetobed shebegantoprepareherlessons When after 11 While 在 期间 往往指一段时间 WhilewewereinAmerica wesawhimtwice Whileweweretalking hecamein Strikewhiletheironishot 12 While 表示一种不满情绪 意思是这边在干某种重要的事 而另一边在享受等 Wearecleaningtheclassroomwhiletheyareplayingthefootball Thesoldierfacesthepowderwhilethebeautypowdertheface 13 WhileIamwashingthefloor youcanbecleaningthewindows 14 As 一边 一边 随着 Shewasdoingherhomeworkasshewaslisteningtothemusic Asshegrewolder shebecamemorebeautiful 15 As 当 时 指一个动作紧接着一个动作发生 从句通常用进行时 AsIwasgoingout itbegantorain IsawMaryasshewasgoingonthebus 16 Ashewaseatinghisbreakfast heheardsomeoneknockatthedoor SomeonepattedmeontheshoulderasIwasstandingbeforetheshopwindow 17 Themoment 一 就 assoonas immediately DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher Yes IgaveherthemomentIsawher 18 Not until 直到 才 Hedidn tleavetheofficeuntilhefinishedthework Helefttheofficewhenhefinishedthework Not until可以和when互换 19 Before 在 之前 Thepassengersshouldarriveattheairportanhourbeforetheflightdeparts Didyouworkasastewardessbeforeyoucometothiscompany 20 ItwasnotlongbeforeIforgotitall Itwas willbe before 是常用句型 HeranoffbeforeIcouldstophim 21 After 在 之后 Thecustomerlefttheticketcounterafterhehadaquarrelwiththeticketagent Theplanetookoffaftertheairtrafficcontrollergaveclearance 22 Since 自从 通常主句用现在完成时 IhaveneverbeenthereagainsinceIgraduatedfromtheuniversity Thecaptainhastraveledalmosteverywhereintheworldsincehebecameapilot 23 Itisjustaweeksincewearrivedhere Itis hasbeen since 是常用句型 24 Assoonas 一 就 Jackwenttoschoolassoonashegotwell I llringyouupassoonasIgetananswerfromhim 25 Nosoonerthan 一 就 Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhewentawayagain nosooner than 用于句首要求倒装 Hardly when Scarcely when 26 Onceyouseehim youwillneverforgethim Once 一但 就 27 Everytime eachtime每次whenever每当 Eachtimehecametotown hewouldvisitourschool Wheneverwemetwithdifficulties theycametohelpus 28 1 Weweretoldthatweshouldfollowthemainroad wereachedthecentralrailwaystation 2004辽宁 A wheneverB untilC whileD wherever2 Itisalmostfiveyears wesaweachotherlasttime 2005北京 A beforeB sinceC afterD when3 Simonthoughthiscomputerwasbroken hislittlebrotherpointedoutthathehadforgottentoturniton 2005北京春 A untilB unlessC afterD because4 TheAmericanCivilWarlastedfouryears theNorthwonintheend 2005广东30 A afterB beforeC whenD then5 DidJackcomebackearlylastnight 2005福建 Yes Itwasnotyeteighto clock hearrivedhome A beforeB whenC thatD until6 Wewereswimminginthelake suddenlythestormstartedA whenB whileC untilD before 2004北京春 B B A B B A 29 2 条件状语从句 引导状语从句的连接词有 If unless aslongas incase providedthat onconditionthat 30 If 如果 Ifyoudon thurryup youwillmisstheplane Ifitsnowstomorrow theflightwillbecanceled Ifyouleaveat6o clocktomorrowmorning you dbettergettobednow 31 Unless 如果不 除非 ifnot Wecan tgetthereontimeunlesswebooktheearliestflight Wecannotgetthereontimeifwedon tbooktheearliestflight 32 Don ttroubletroubleunlesstroubletroublesyou Hewillnotjoinusunlesshechangeshismind 33 Aslongas 只要 Wewillsucceedaslongaswekeepontrying Youcan tplaygamesaslongasyouremembertherules Amanisnotoldaslongasheisseekingsomething 34 As so faras 据 所知 AsfarasIknow hespeaksEnglishverywell As SofarasIknow heisanexpertonDNA 35 Incase 假使 如果 Theplanecannottakeoffincaseitrains Sendusamessageincaseyouhaveanydifficulty 36 Providedthat如果 有时省略that Theplanewillbeingoodconditionprovidedthatitistakencareofcarefully Youcanbecomeastewardessprovidedthatyouareingoodshapeandyouhavegotthepropereducation 37 Onconditionthat 条件是 Hesaidthathewouldcometothemeetingonconditionthatnooneaskedhimtospeak ThemotherpromisedtothesontobuyhimatoyairplaneonconditionthathepasseshisEnglishtest 38 注 主从句的动作发生在将来时 则主句用将来时 从句用一般现在时 Ifhearrivestomorrow Iwillbewaitingforhimattheairport Hesaidhewouldnotleaveunlessitwasfinenextday 39 1 youcallmetosayyou renotcoming I llseeyouatthetheatre 2004吉林 A ThoughB WhetherC UntilD Unless2 Whatwouldyoudoifit tomorrow Wehavetocarryiton sincewe vegoteverythingready A rainB rainsC willrainD israining 05全国 3 Youmustkeeponworkingintheevening youaresureyoucanfinishthetaskintime 2005安徽 A asB ifC whenD unless4 you vetriedit youcan timaginehowpleasantitisA UnlessB BecauseC AlthoughD When 06北京 5 Intimeofseriousaccidents weknowsomebasicthingsaboutfirstaid wecansavelives 2006重庆 A whetherB untilC ifD unless D B D A C 40 3 地点状语从句 地点状语从句只有两个连词 Where wherever 41 Where 在 地方 Putthemedicinewhereyoucaneasilygetit Wherethathighbuildingstands thereusedtobesomelow desertedhouses Wherethereisawill thereisaway 42 Wherever 无论哪里 Hefollowsherwherevershegoes Whereveryouare Iwillberighttherewaitingforyou 43 1 Ifyouaretraveling thecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourown pleasedoastheRomansdo 2006天津 A inwhichB whatC whenD where2 Inpeace too theRedCrossisexpectedtosendhelp thereishumansuffering 06江西 A whoeverB howeverC whateverD wherever3 Mom whatdidyourdoctorsay 2006四川 Headvisedmetolive theairisfresher A inwhereB inwhichC theplacewhereD where D D D 44 4 原因状语从句 because as since nowthat 和consideringthat seeingthat这六个连词都用于表示表示原因 但在语气上一个比一个弱 45 Because 因为 通常从句放在主句后 MrSmithwasveryupsetbecausehecouldn tfindhisluggage Hesaidthathecouldn tworkbecausethecomputerwasoutoforder 46 IsucceedbecauseIwilledit Ineverhesitated IdoitbecauseIlikeit 47 As 因为 通常放在句首 Asitisquitewindytoday hedecides Asheishonestandmodest allhisfriendslikehim 48 Since 既然因语气较弱 常译为既然 Sinceeverybodyhascome wecansetoff Sincethepurserdidn ttelluswhattodo wecanrelax 49 Nowthat 既然 Nowthatyouarehere youcanjoinus Nowthatallairlinesofferdiscountprices weshoulddothesame 50 consideringthat 顾及到 Consideringthattheyarejustbeginners theyaredoingquiteagoodjob 51 seeingthat 由于 Seeing that quiteafewpeoplewereabsent wedecidedtoputthemeetingoff 52 1 Parentsshouldtakeseriouslytheirchildren srequestsforsunglasses eyeprotectionisnecessaryinsunnyweather 2004上海 A becauseB thoughC unlessD if2 JennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotatCanada thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured 2006广东 A asB ifC whenD where A A 53 5 结果状语从句 引导结果状语从句的连词有 that sothat so that such that 54 So that 太 以至于so后面应用形容词或副词 有时省略so只用that Boeing747issolargethatpeopleliketocallitjetbomb Theflightscheduledsoearlythatnobodywantedtolookonit 55 Sothat 因而 以便 为了有时so可以省去 CanyoumoveyourluggagealittlebitawaysothatIcanputmineintheoverheadbintoo Speaklouderpleasesothatthepeopleatthebackcanhearyou 56 Whenyouskinyourcustomers youshouldleavesomeskinontogrowsothatyoucanskinthemagain 57 Such that 太 以至于用法与so that相同 但such后面应用名词 Theforeignvisitorwassuchafastspeakerthatnobodycouldunderstandhim 58 TheCanadianairline shangarissuchahugebuildingthatitcanholdtwomedium rangejetsatthesametime 59 6 目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句的主要连词有 that sothat inorderthat forfearthat lest 60 Let stakethefrontseats so thatwemayseemoreclearly So that 以便 从句中常常使用一些情态动词 如 can could may might should等 61 inorderthat 为了 与sothat相同从句中常常使用一些情态动词 如 can could may might should等 Schoolwasclosedearlyinorderthatthechildrenmightgohomeaheadofthestorm 62 forfearthat 生怕 为了防止 某事发生 Hetookthenamedownforfearthatheshouldforgetit Theinstructoremphasizedontheissuethreetimesforfearthatthestudentsdidnotpayenoughattentiontotheproblem 63 incase 万一 Bettertakemoreclothesincasetheweatheriscold Youshouldbringadictionaryincaseyouneedit Pleasetakeanumbrellaincaseitrains 64 Lest 以防万一 Themandecidedtotellhisbossthefactlesthewouldbeangrywithhim Themanageroftheworkshopaskedhisstafftoworkovertimelesttheywouldn tfinishthetaskontime 65 1 Rosesneedspecialcare theycanlivethroughwinter A becauseB sothatC evenD as 04全国卷I 2 I dliketoarrive20minutesearly Icanhavetimeforacupoftea 2005北京 A assoonasB asaresultC incaseD sothat3 You dbettertakesomethingtoreadwhenyougotoseethedoctor youhavetowait 2005广东 A evenifB asifC incaseD inorderthat4 Hisplanwassuchagoodone weallagreedtoacceptit A soB andC thatD as 2006陕西 B D C C 66 7 比较状语从句 引导比较状语从句的连词有 As as notso as as than themore themore 67 As as 像 一样 Ifyoudon twanttomisstheflight youneedtobeattheairportasearlyaspossible Mygrandmatoldmethathereyesightwasasgoodas10yearsbefore Cultivationtothemindisasnecessaryasfoodforthebody 68 Notso as as 不像 ThejobisnotsodifficultasIthoughtitwouldbe Theflightwasnotso asharmfulasthecaptainpredicted 69 than 比 怎么样 用于事物间的比较 more后面用形容词或副词 Peoplebelievethatbeingastewardessisbetterthanmostoftheotherjobs IpersonallythinkthattheAmericanmoviesaremoreinterestingthanChineseones 70 Abeautifulformisbetterthanabeautifulface abeautifulbehavior is thanabeautifulform 71 Themore themore 越 越 Themorehelistenedtothatsong thelessheenjoyedit Themorethingsamanisashamedof themorerespectableheis 72 8 让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句的连词有 Although though as evenif eventhough nomatter however whatever while whether 73 Although though 虽然although和though可以互换 但although常放在句首 Though可以用于倒装 Althoughitwasraining theplanemanagedtotakeoff Althoughitwasnothisfault hetookalltheblame 74 Thoughhedidhisbest hedidn tsucceed Childthoughhewas hedidquitewell 75 As 尽管as引导让步状语从句时 句子通常倒装 可与though互换 Busyasheis henevermissesafootballmatch Hardassheworks shemakeslittleprogress 76 Evenif eventhough 即使 Evenifyoudon tlikeyourboss youshoulddoyourwork Evenifyouarenotfondofflowers youshouldn tmissthechrysanthemumexhibition 77 EventhoughImightbewrong Iwillgomyway Eventhoughhisdeandidn tmeanit hestillfeltembarrassed 78 However 不论 however引导让步状语从句时 句子通常倒装 Hecouldn tgetthereontimehoweverfasthedrove Thefathercouldn tmakehisdaughtersmilehoweverhardhetried 79 Nomatter what when where how 无论 什么 何时 何地 怎样 Theoldmanwouldn tbelieveanythingnomatterwhatyousaid Pleasetellmetheresultnomatterwhenyougetit 80 Hewouldn tforgivemenomatterhowhardIbeggedhim Iwillfindyounomatterwhereyouhide 81 Whatever 不管 Whateverotherpeoplemaysay shewon tchangehermind Whateveryoudo itwon taffectourplan 82 While 尽管 WhileIhavesympathyforyou Ican thelpyou Whileit snoneofmybusiness Iwillwatchyou 83 Whether 不管 常与ornot连用 Whetherheisgoodornot thecompanydecidedtosendhimabroad Whetherhisproposalispracticalornot thedepartmentplanstoadopt 84 1 Ihavetoputitawayandfocusmyattentiononstudythisweek 04上海春 A HoweverthestoryisamusingB NomatteramusingthestoryisC HoweveramusingthestoryisD Nomatterhowthestoryisamusing2 Iacceptthatheisnotperfect Idoactuallyliketheperson 04江苏 A WhileB SinceC BeforeD Unless3 Youshouldtrytogetagoodnight ssleep muchworkyouhavetodo 04湖北 A howeverB nomatterC althoughD whatever4 Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem difficultitwas 05天津 A howeverB nomatterC whateverD although5 Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinion theyaredifferentfromyourown 05湖南 A untilB evenifC unlessD asthough6 Theoldtowermustbesaved thecost 05浙江 A howeverB whateverC whicheverD wherever7 hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge theoldworkerhasalotofexperienceA SinceB UnlessC AsD Although 06全国卷I C A A A B B D 85 9 方式状语从句 方式状语从句常由 as asif asthough 86 as 与 一样 DoinRomeastheRomansdo Leavethingsastheyare 87 asif asthough 仿佛 由asif或asthough引导的从句中可用虚拟语气 Shestoodatthedoorasif asthough shewerewaitingforsomeone 88 状语从句中的省略 89 1 Theresearchissodesignedthatonce nothingcanbedonetochangeit A beginsB havingbegunC beginningD begun2 Theeighteen storiedbuilding when willshutoutthesunlightinguptheroomsinmyhouse A completedB tobecompletedC completingD havecompleted 90 3 IfyougotoBritain you llfindthestreetstherelessbeautifulthancommonly A SupposingB supposedC tosupposeD suppose4 I msureallwillgowellas A beingplannedB plannedC havingplannedD planning 91 什么时候可以省略 怎么省略 1 Don tspeakuntilyouarespokento 2 I llbuyaTVsetifitisnecessary 3 Shestoodatthegateasifshewaswaitingforsomeone 4 Hewasaswimmerwhenhewasachild 5 Thoughitiscold heworeashirt 6 WhileIwaswalkingaloneinthestreet mynamewascalled Iheardmynamewascalled spokento necessary waitingforsomeone achild Thoughcold hewereashirt Whilewalkingalonethestreet mynamewascalled 92 什么时候可以省略 怎么省略 在含有状语从句的复合句中若从句的主句是it或与主句的主语相同 且在谓语中含有be时 常省略从句的主语和be 1 在北京的时候 IpaidavisittotheSummerPalace 2 当是个年轻人的时候 AbrahamLincolnwasastorekeeperandapostmaster 3 Hehasnomoney 要是有的话 hewillgiveus 4 除非修理 themachineisofnouse 5 要是给更多的关注 Theboycouldhaveturnedoutbetter 6 Agirlstoodatthegateoftheschoolasif 跟老师讲话 When WhileinBeijing When Asayoungman Ifany Unlessrepaired Ifgivenmoreattentionto talkingwithateacher 93 一 在含有状语从句的复合句中1 when while as once whenever引导的时间状语从句 2 if unless引导的条件状语从句 3 though although evenif eventhough引导的让步状语从句 4 asthough asif as引导的方式状语从句 5 wherever引导的地点状语从句 若从句的主句是it或与主句的主语相同 且在谓语中含有be时 常省略从句的主语和be 再强调 94 Heshookhisheadasif hewasgoing tosay Don ttrusther Themanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedandlookedasif whetherhewasgoingin therightdirection NMET2003安徽春 A seeingB havingseenC tohaveseenD tosee asifhewasgoingtoseewhether 95 省略在Asif引导的方式状语从句中应用的较多 1 Tomraisedhishandasif hewasgoing tosaysomething 2 Heactedasif hewas afool 3 Shelefttheroomhurriedlyasif shewas angry 4 Hestaredatthegirlasif hewas seeingherforthefirsttime 5 Theplayerisrollingonthegroundasif hewas hurtbadly 6 Heopenedthedrawerasif hewas insearchofsomethingimportant asif用于省略句中 如果asif引导的从句是 主语 系动词 结构 可省略主语和系动词 这样asif后就只剩下不定式 名词 形容词 短语 介词短语或分词 96 高考链接 1 Whenfirst tothemarket theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess NMET2004全国卷II A introducingB introducedC introduceD beingintroduced2 Itshamesmetosayit butItoldaliewhen atthemeetingbymyboss NMET2004全国卷IV A questioningB havingquestionedC questionedD tobequestioned 97 3 Themanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedandlookedasif whetherhewasgoingintherightdirection NMET2003安徽春 A seeingB havingseenC tohaveseenD tosee4 Generallyspeaking accordingtothedirections thedrughasnosideeffect NMET2003上海卷 A whentakingB whentakenC whentotakeD whentobetaken 98 5 Unless tospeak youshouldremainsilentattheconference NMET2003上海春 A invitedB invitingC beinginvitedD havinginvited6 When themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear NMET2002上海春 A completedB completingC beingcompletedD tobecompleted 99 7 Though money hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity NMET2002上海卷 A lackedB lackingofC lackingD lackedin8 toldtostop theexcitedchildrenkeptontalkinginclass soIgotangry A asB whenC whileD though 100 1 Youshouldhavethankedherbeforeyouleft Imeant butwhenIwasleavingIcouldn tfindheranywhere A todoB toC doingD doingit 2 Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet buthismothertoldhim A nottoB nottodoC notdoitD donotto 3 I llbeawayonabusinesstrip Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat Notatall A I venotimeB I drathernotC I dlikeitD I dbehappyto B A D 链接其他省略 101 动词不定式的省略 在同一句或联系紧密的对话里 常把不定式to后内容相同的部分省略 只保留to 1 Areyouasailor No butI A amnotB usedtoC usedtobeD usedtobeing2 Whydidn tyoutakepartinmybirthdaypartyyesterday I butIhadanunexpectedguest A wouldliketoB wouldliketohaveC shouldD wouldn tliketo 如果不定式中含有be have havebeen通常保留be have和havebeen 102 1 Doyouthinkit sgoingtorainovertheweekend A Idon tbelieveB Idon tbelieveitC IbelievenotsoD Ibelievenot2 Theboysarenotdoingagoodjobatall arethey 03北京春招 A IguessnotsoB Ididn tguessC Idon tguesssoD Iguessnot 在I mafraid Ithink Ibelieve Ihope Iguess等开头的作答句中 后面跟so与not分别用于肯定或否定宾语是 宾语从句可省去 103 主 谓 宾等成分的省略 在英语情景会话中 答语常常省略不会引起歧义的主语 谓语或宾语部分 而只保留对方希望了解的内容 在复合句或并列句中 也有省略主 谓 宾的情况 1 WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset hernewbicycle A AsshelostB LostC LosingD Becauseoflosing2 Oneofthesidesoftheboardshouldbepaintedyellow and A theotheriswhiteB anotherwhiteC theotherwhiteD anotheriswh