A-Fundamental-Technique-in-Handling-People.ppt

AFundamentalTechniqueinHandlingPeople DaleCarnegie retainvt 保持 保留 记住 聘请e g Hisspeechcouldnotretaintheinterestofhisaudience e g Iwillretainmyright applyto 对 适用e g Thislawdoesnotapplytothepresentsituation applyto 向某机构提出申请e g Youhavetoapplytotheschoolauthorities applyfor 为某事提出申请e g Doyouknowhowtoapplyforascholarship putsbonthedefensive tomakesbtrytodefendhimselffromattacksorcriticismstrivevi attemptbyemployingeffort toexertmucheffortorenergy奋斗 努力 力求 斗争e g Thescientistsstriveforabreakthroughincancerresearch Weshouldallstrivetoreunifythemotherland justifyvt showtobereasonableorprovideadequategroundfor showtoberightbyprovidingjustificationorproof替 证明 正当 adjustthespacesbetweenwords调整版面e g Nothingcanjustifyyourcheatingonanexam rightjustify右端顶满leftjustify左对齐justificationn 辩护 正当的理由 arousev callforth emotions feelings andresponses stopsleeping causetobecomeawakeorconscious叫醒 唤醒 激起 睡醒e g Hefellintoasoundsleep don tarousehim Thesloganwasdesigndtoarousethepeople Hissufferingsarousedoursympathy arouse与rouse的不同 rouse 较正式用词 用主动语态时 强调弄醒别人的努力 用被动语态时 指轻而易举地醒过来 可用于引申意义 arouse 除表示一般的唤醒外 多作引申用 arouse主要指唤起引起无形的东西 通常与fear curiosity等抽象名词连用 e g Thisarousedmysuspicion rouse则常以具体的人或动物为对象 指把某人叫醒 引起某人的兴趣 e g Theprofessor sspeechfailedtorousehisaudience arousesympathy引起同情arouseattention唤起注意arousecuriosity引起好奇心arouseconcern引起关注 忧虑arousesuspicions引起怀疑arousepity引起同情arousediscussion引起议论arousecriticism引起批评arousehatred引起憎恶arouseresistance激起反抗 as aspossible ifwhatfollowsthefirst as isanounmodifiedbyanadjective thenthearticle a shouldbeplacedbeforethenoun exhaustive 是形容词 意为 完全的 彻底的 thoroughorcomplete 与之经常搭配的词有work inquiries research investigation treatment等 Thisisapieceofexhaustivework 这是一部完美的作品 Thepolicearemakinganexhaustiveinvestigationofthecrime exhausting 是现在分词 作形容词使用 义 使竭尽的 使疲惫的 tomakeemptyortireout 与之经常搭配使用的词有day job task experiment等 Thisisapieceofexhaustingwork Ajourneythroughthemountainsisexhausting exhausted是过去分词 意为 空竭的 疲惫的 fatiguedortired 用作表语形容词 放在连系动词之后 Aftertakingpartinthecleaningcampaign thechildrenweremuchexhausted indulgevt 迁就 纵情于 放任vi 放纵自己于indulgein沉溺于 纵情于 e g Henolongerindulgedhimselfinsmoking ridicule ridikju l n 嘲笑 愚弄 笑柄v 嘲笑 愚弄e g Tochoosesuchalineofworkistoinviteridicule ridiculousadj 荒谬的 可笑的 practicinglawyer见习律师 开业律师attorney t ni n 辩护 律师 主要用于美国 指代理当事人处理遗嘱检验等法律事务的律师 有时可与lawyer通用 泛指辩护律师solicitor s lisit s lis t n aBritishlawyerwhogiveslegaladviceandprepareslegaldocuments律师barrister b rist n 出庭律师 在英国有资格出席高等法院进行辩护 oncetoooften又一次 e g Heexceededthespeedlimitoncetoooftenandwasfined 10 You veletmedownoncetoooftenandIshallnottrustyou roarwithlaughter哄堂大笑roarwithpain痛苦地号叫roarwithrage咆哮如雷 愤怒地吼叫 indignation indig nei n n afeelingofrighteousanger愤怒 愤慨 义愤 较正式用词 指出于正义或对不公正之事而发出的愤怒 e g Iexpressedmyindignationatbeingunfairlydismissed boiledwithindignation怒火中烧 beindignantwithsb 对某人感到愤慨 challengen 挑战 邀请比赛 盘问 质疑v 向 盘问 质疑challengesb sthe g Ididnotthinkhewasright soIchallengedhim Newcompetitorsareemergingtochallengetheoldeconomicarrangements challengesbtosth要求某人做某事e g Hechallengedmetoadebate challengesbtoaduel agameoftennischallengesbtodosthe g Neverchallengeafooltodowrong risetothechallengevi 接受挑战 应付某种复杂局面 takeupthechallengevi 应战 fighttothedeath fightuntiloneiskilledstabsbtodeathstarvesbtodeathboresbtodeathwhipsbtodeathstonesb todeaththrustsb todeath将某人戳死frightensb todeath把某人吓得要死 1 invaluableadj 无价的 非常珍贵的valuableadj 贵重的 宝贵的pricelessadj 无价的2 valuelessadj 无价值的 不值钱的 不足道的worthlessadj 无价值的 无用的 可鄙的 blundern 大错e g Hemadeablunderinfrontofhisgirlfriend v 失策 绊倒 弄糟e g Thebestworkmansometimesblunder pacethefloorpacetheroom在房间里踱来踱去incompetentadj 无能力的 不称职的 不能胜任的n 没有能力的人incompetencen 无能力 不合格 不能胜任 malicen feelinganeedtoseeotherssuffer恶意 怨恨 蓄意maliciousadj 怀恶意的 恶毒的holdone speacev 闭口不说holdone stongue保持沉默 Judgenot thatyebenotjudged Para5 勿对人非议 以免自己受非议 ThisiswritteninarchaicEnglish InmodernEnglishwewillsay Donotjudgeothers sothatyouwillnotbejudgedbythem ye英 ji pron 你archaic英 keiik keik adj 已不通用的 古老的 古代的 occasionn 场合 时机 理由 机会 盛大场面e g Therewasnooccasionforyoutobesorude vt 引起 致使e g Stephen sbehaviouroccasionedhisparentsmuchanxiety onoccasion偶尔 有时ontheoccasionof值此 之际 risetotheoccasion应付自如occasionaladj 偶然的 临时的 不时的occasionallyadv 偶尔地 retreatn 撤退 改变 隐居处v pullbackormoveawayorbackward撤退 改变 退避 缩回象棋的棋子retire retreat withdrawretire 指从公开或公共场合退下到私下场所 也指被免除职务或自动辞职 退役等 retreat 含消极意味 多指被迫采取退下或退却的行动 withdraw 侧重因某种原因而有意离开 常含礼貌 谦恭等理由 也指军队的撤退 delugen 大洪水 暴雨 泛滥e g Igotcaughtinthedelugeonthewayhome v 泛滥 大量涌入e g Weadvertisedthejobandweredelugedwithapplications surgen 汹涌 波涛 猛增e g Oilwastheprimecauseofthepricesurge v 汹涌 涌起 激增e g Angersurgedupwithinhim procrastinatev postponedoingwhatoneshouldbedoingpostponeordelayneedlessly延迟 拖延 耽搁 delaypostponedefersuspendprolongputoff delay 普通用词 多指因外界原因推迟或耽误 也可指有意推迟 postpone 正式用词 语气较强 多指有安排的延期 常指明延期到一定的时间 defer 正式用词 语气强于postpone 多指故意拖延 suspend 指暂时中断以待某种条件的实现 prolong pr l 指把时间延长至超过正常或通常的限度 putoff 口语用词 与postpone同义 但较通俗 allmannerofadj 各种各样的 形形色色的e g Inthedepartmentstoreyoucanbuyallmannerofthings point blankadj 近距离平射的 短射程的 直截了当的 坦白的e g DoyoumindifIaskyousomepointblankquestions adv 直接地 正面地 坦白地e g ItoldhimpointblankwhatIthoughtofhisbehaviour recedevi 后退 减弱e g Asthetiderecededwewereabletolookforshells vt 撤回restraintn 克制 抑制 束缚e g Thepoliceappealedtothecrowdforrestraint restrainvt 抑制 阻止 束缚 剥夺e g Hecouldn trestrainhiscuriosity appreciatevt 欣赏 赏识 感激 领会 意识到指对某事物或意义有正确的认识 对其价值的肯定vi 增值appreciationn depreciatev 贬值 降价 magnitude m gnitju d m gn tju d n 大小 重要 光度 地震 级数 星星 等级e g Ihadnotrealizedthemagnitudeoftheproblem Starsofthefirstmagnitudearethebrightest immeasurablyadv 无法计量地 无限地e g Thetaskseemsimmeasurablydifficult Anyhow itiswaterunderthebridgenow 11 Anyhow thethingispastandgone Itisusedforsayingthatyoushouldstopthinkingaboutsthbadthathappenedinthepastandyoushouldforgivepeoplewhodidbadthings impairvt makeworseorlesseffective makeimperfect损害 削弱e g Hisillnesshasimpairedhisefficiency impairedadj 受损的e g Impairedhearingisjustoneofthemimpairmentn 损伤 Thethingforyouisaburialpermit 12 Thethingyouneedisaburialpermit Youreallyhavenoreasontoliveinthisworld Thisisextremelycruelandinsulting MarkTwainwaswildwithangeratthetime Hecouldn treallymeantodelivertheletter decay di kei v 使 衰退 使 腐败 腐烂e g Thedampnessoftheclimatedecayedthebooks Thevegetableshavebeguntodecay n 衰退 腐败 腐烂decayedtoothdecayedteethdecayedfruit stinging sti i adj 刺人的 刺一般的 激烈的动词sting的现在分词 blowoffsteamv 放掉蒸汽 发泄抑制的感情regulatevt 调整 校准 管理 控制regulationn 管理 规章 规则Iamallinfavorofit Iamallforit standpoint st ndp int st nd p int n 立场 观点e g Let slookatthisfromahistoricalstandpoint to suicide theresultingconditionoftobestarvedtodeath tobewhippedtodeath tobetorturedtodeath diplomatic dipl m tik adj 外交的 古字体的 老练diplomatist di pl um tist n 外交家diplomacy di pl um si n 外交diplomat dipl m t n 外交官 通权达变之人diploma di pl um n 文凭 adroitadj 熟练的 灵巧的 机敏的 善于 的e g Heisadroitinhandlingmachinery Hesoonbecameadroitatsteeringtheboat maladroit m l dr it adj 笨拙的bemadeAmericanAmbassadorto country sname 驻某国大使 speakillof tosaybadthingsaboutspeakgoodofe g Alwaysspeakgoodofothersbehindthem don tbeafraidthatthecomplimentscannotbepassedontotheirears ill meansbadorbadlye g ill tempered ill treated ill equipped ill prepared maneuver m nu v vt 巧妙地操纵 使演习 调遣e g Themousehadaquickwitandwasabletomaneuverhiswayoutofdanger vi 演习 调遣 用计策e g Politiciansmaneuveredforposition n 演习 策略 调遣e g Thismilitarymaneuverstrainedthegovernment sprinciplesaswellastheirbudgets 这种军事演习使政府的原则无法自圆其说 也使其预算捉襟见肘 inspectv 检查 视察e g Thegovernmentsenthimtoinspectourschool inspectiveadj 检查的 视察的 留神的 注意的inspectionn 视察 检查routineinspection常规检查 日常检验 periodicinspection定期检查定期检查 定期检 pi ri dik piri dik casualinspection不定期检查 抽检 samplinginspection抽样检查 suspect s s pekt s spekt s spekt v tobelievethatsthistrue esp sthbad怀疑 猜想e g Shehasmoreintelligencethanwesuspectsb ofsth doingsth 相信或怀疑某人有罪e g Theyweresuspectedofundergroundactivities Hewassuspectedofcollaborating withtheenemy collaborate k l b reit vi 合作 通敌 n 嫌疑犯e g Thepolicecouldn tprovethesuspect sguilt adj 可疑的 不可信的e g Hisfitnessissuspect sowecan triskincludinghimintheteam doubtusu meanstobelievethatsthisnottrue e g Idoubtverymuchthathewillbeabletocarryoutthisplan spect tosee tolookspectacle spekt kl spekt k l n 景象 场面 奇观 壮观 公开展示 复 spectacles 眼镜 spectator spek teit n 观众 旁观者prospective pr spektiv adj 预期的 未来的retrospect retr u spekt retr spekt n 回顾 追溯v 回顾 回想 追溯 unon onreturningtotheairport assoonashereturnedtotheairport themomenthereturnedtotheairportbesickwith患 病besickwithworry非常担心 极其担心anticipate n tisipeit n tis peit vt 预期 提前使用 抢 前e g Weanticipatethatwewillmeetacertainamountofresistancetoourplan tongue lashingn 斥责 谴责 unleashv releaseorvent releasefromaleash turnlooseorfreefromrestraint解开 释放 解除 的束缚e g Goatonce orIwillunleashmydogonyou Changingthehabitsunleashyourpowerwithin 顶 0 改变惯性激发行动力 leashn 系狗的 皮带 控制 约束v 用皮带控制 束缚proposetodosth toplanorintendtodosthe g Heproposedtobuyandrunafarm Thecommitteeproposedthatnewlegislationshouldbedrafted OnChrismasEvethatyear Paul abusinessmanager proposedtoher proposal pr p uz l n 求婚 建议 提议 GettysburgAddress Deliveredonthe19thDayofNovember 1863CemeteryHill Gettysburg Pennsylvania Fourscoreandsevenyearsago ourfathersbroughtforthuponthiscontinentanewNation conceivedinLiberty anddedicatedtothepropositionthatallmenarecreatedequal Now weareengagedinagreatCivilWar testingwhetherthatNation oranynationsoconceivedandsodedicated canlongendure Wearemetonagreatbattlefieldofthatwar Wehavecometodedicateaportionofthatfieldasafinalresting placeforthosewhogavetheirlivesthatNationmightlive Itisaltogetherfittingandproperthatweshoulddothis But inalargersense wecannotdedicate wecannotconsecrate wecannothallowthisground Thebravemen livinganddead whostruggledhere haveconsecrateditfaraboveourpowertoaddordetract Theworldwilllittlenotenorlongrememberwhatwesayhere butitcanneverforgetwhattheydidhere Itisforus theliving rathertobededicatedtothegreattaskremainingbeforeus consecrate k nsi kreit v 供神用 奉献 使神圣adj 被献给神的 神圣的 thatfromthesehonoreddead wetakeincreaseddevotiontothatcauseforwhichtheygavethelastfullmeasureofdevotion thatthisNation underGOD shallhaveanewbirthoffreedom andthatgovernmentofthePeoplebythePeopleandforthePeopleshallnotperishfromtheearth AbrahamLincoln 在葛底斯堡的演说1963年11月19日87年前 我们的先辈们在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家 它孕育于自由之中 奉行一切人生来平等的原则 现在我们正从事一场伟