初中英语人教版八年级下册unit 8.docx

Unit 7 Whats the highest mountain in the world? 杨光锋一、重点短语1. as big as 与一样大2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一3. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事4. as far as I know 据我所知5. man-made objects 人造物体6. parto f. . 的组成部分7. the highest mountain 最高的山脉8. in the world 在世界上9. any other mountain 其他任何一座山10. of all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中11. run along 跨越 12. freezing weather 冰冻的天气13. take in air 呼吸空气14. the first people to do sth. 第一个做某事的人15. in the face of difficulties 面临危险16. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事17. achieve ones dream 实现某人的梦想18. the forces of nature 自然界的力量19. reach the top 到达顶峰20. even though 虽然;尽管21. at birth在出生的时候22. be awake 醒着23. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去24. walk into sb. 撞到某人25. fall over 摔倒26. take care of 照顾;照料27. every two years 每两年28. cut down the forests 砍伐林木29. endangered animals 濒危动物30. fewer and fewer pandas 大熊猫越来越少31. be in danger 处于危险之中32. the importance of saving these 33animals拯救这些动物的重要性二、重点句型1. It is +adj. + (for sb. ) to do sth.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near thetop.当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。2. . . . is because.One of the main reasons is because people want tochallenge themselves in the face of difficulties.其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己。3. . . . show(s) that.The spirit of these climbers shows us that weshould nevergive up trying to achieve our dreams.这些登山者的精神向我们证明：我们永远都不应该放弃实现自己的梦想。4. How high/ deep/. . . is . ?How high is Qomolangma?珠穆朗玛峰有多高？5. Although. “ ，Although Japan is older than Canada，it is muchsmaller.虽然日本比加拿大有更悠久的历史，但是日本比加拿大小多了。6. sb. spend time/money doing sth.Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eatingabout 10 kilos of bamboo.成年大熊猫一天要花12个多小时的时间吃大约10公斤的竹子Section A1. about 9,600 ,000 square kilometers in size.2. 【解析1】square adj. “平方米” , 用于数字后表面积。an area of 95 square meters 95平方米的面积 n , 正方形；广场Many old people like dancing on the square after supper.【解析2】in size = have /has an area of. （面积）大小2.1，025 meters deep深1，025米【解析1】1,025 meters “深1,025米”【注】在英语中，表示事物的长、宽、高、深等时，主要有两种表达方式：结构1：“基数词 + 单位名词+ 形容词（long,wide,tall, deep等）”。如果数词超过1，单位名词要用复数形式。【注】单位词有： meter; foot; inch; kilogram 等 Yao Ming is over 2 meters tall. The river is 50 meters wide.“基数词+ 单位名词+ in + 名词（length; width; height; depth等） two meters long = two meters in length 2米长three feet high = two feet in height. 3英尺高结构2：长、宽、高、深还可用复合形容词表示“数字+ 量词（单位）+形容词（long/ wide/ tall/ deep等）” .各个词间用连字符连接，常作前置定语修饰名词。Jeremy Shu-How Lin is a 1.91-meter-tall- basketball player.【解析2】deep adj. 深的 take a deep breath.深深呼吸【拓展】adj n deep depth long length high height wide width 3. Qomolangma is _ than any other mountain in the world.珠穆朗玛峰比世界上任何山都_.【解析】“any other +可数名词的单数”任何其他的【用法1】any other “其他任何一个” ,后接可数名词单数，指在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其他任何人或物通常用于比较级，多用于同一范围内相比较。 Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.【用法2】“any other +可数名词单数”可与“the other + 可数名词复”互换，也可用最高级形式表达。Lucy is more careful than any other student in her class. (any other + 可数名词单数）=Lucy is more careful than the other students in her class. (the other + 名词复数）= Lucy is the most careful student in her class.【2013山东烟台】China is larger than _ in Africa.A. the other countries B. any other C. any of the other countries D. any other country4. Its a lot bigger than the population of the US. （中国）人口比美国多对多。【解析1】a lot .得多；很多；非常【辨析】(1) a lot 很多，做副词短语，修饰动词，放在动词之后。相当于very much. It usually rains a lot at this time of year.( ) He knows _ about this event.A. a lot of B. lots of C. many D. a lot(2)a lot of = lots of + 复数名词 =many +复数名词=much+ 不可数名词( ) He drinks _. Hes got _ money but not _ friends. A. a lot; plenty of ; much B. much; a lot of ; many C. a lot; a lot of; many D. a lot of ; a lot; a lot of【解析2】 population 人口；人口数量population做主语且强度整体人口时，谓语动词一般用单数，The population is increasing faster and faster. 当主语时“人口的百分之几、几分之几”时，谓语动词常用复数形式。 Three quarters of the population areworkers. 表示人口的多或少时, 用large或smallThe population of China is very large.中国人口众多询问某国、某地有多少人口时, 用How large.?;How large is the population of your hometown? 你们家乡有多少人口? 提问有多少人口，常用“ what is the population of ?” What is the population of Canada? 加拿大的人口有多少? 表示“某地有多少人口”时，常用“has a population of ”句型 India has a population of more than one billion.5. It has a much longer history than the US. （中国）比美国历史长得多。【解析】much 得多（修饰比较级）类似的词还有：even “更.” , a lot “很多；.得多” a little “比.一点”My classroom is a little bigger than yours.6. The US is not even years old. 美国的历史甚至不到_ 年。【解析】even 甚至 (用在比较级前，表示程度）【2012山东济宁】In the talent show, I performed well and Ann did even _. A. well B .better C. more D. worse7. Feel free to ask me anything on todays Great Wall tour.针对今天的长城之旅，大家可以自由提问我任何问题。【解析】 tour n 旅行 tourist n 旅游者 touristy adj. 游客很多的.tour guide 导游travel v旅行 travellern旅游者 travelling adj.旅行的travel to 到旅行 travel all over the world. 【辨析】tour/ trip/ travel/ journey 词语用法travel一般指长途旅行，到国外或远方旅行。travel 还可作动词tour“旅行，周游，观光” .一般团队都是tourtrip一般指短距离旅行，直达目的地的旅行journey有时并不指真正意义的“旅行”，而只是表示走过一段距离。【记】观光游玩用tour ，长途陆路用journey，短途短期用trip，travel 用法最普遍，特别用于指“游记”8. How long is the wall? 长城有多长？【解析】how long 多长；多久对长度提问 How long is the table? About 1.2 meters.对时间提问，常用for或since引导的时间状语来回答。 How long does it take you to do your homework in the evening? For two hours9. Wow，thats amazing! 哇，真令人吃惊！【解析】amazing adj. 惊人的，令人吃惊的10.The main reason was to protect their part of the country.主要的原因是保卫自己的国家。【解析】 protect v “保护” We should protect children.Protect sb./sth from 保护某人/ 某物使其不受Protect your eyes from the sun. 不要让阳光伤害你的眼睛。11. As you can see , its quite tall and wide. 正如你所看到的，长城非常高，也非常宽广。【解析】as conj.像一样，正如（用来引导状语从句） I was surprised as he opened the door.prep. 作为 I get job as a teacher.12. As far as I know, there are no man-made objects as big as this.据我所知，没有任何一个人造物有长城这么长。【解析】as far as I know据我所知 as far as “就.来说，至于.” , 引导状语从句，强调范围或程度，常与动词know, see,等连用，可放在句首或句中。【记】as far as I can remember 据我所记得的as far as I can see 依我所看的13. One of the words most dangerous sports is mountain climbing,登山是世界上最危险的运动之一。【解析】one of + the adj. 最高级 + 可数名词14. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China. 喜马拉雅山在中国西北部。【解析】southwestern 西南方向的15. Of all the mountains ,Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous.在所有的山峰中，珠穆朗玛峰最高，最有名。【解析】famous = well know adj. 著名的，有名的(1) be famous for 因而著名（某人因某种知识、技能或特征而出名） China is famous for the Great Wall and Pandas(2) be famous as 作为.而出名（某人以某种身份而出名） Lu Xun was famous as a writer16.Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. （比这）更严重的困难包括冰冻的天气条件和强烈的暴风雨。【解析1】include 包括；包含 include v 包括 including prep 包括（放在被包括的对象之前）【解析2】freezing adj. 冻冰的；结冰的freezing adj. 冻冰的，结冰的freeze v Today it is freezing cold.frozen adj. 冻结的，被冰覆盖的 I dont like frozen food.【解析3】condition 条件；状况 out of condition 不健康，身体不好； in good condition 情况良好；完好17.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.并且越接近顶部呼吸越困难。【解析】take in 吸入；吞入（体内）take after（外貌）相像take away 拿开take down 写下，记下take in吸收，吸纳take off 起飞；脱下take it easy 别紧张take to 喜欢，开始从事take pictures照相take care of 照顾，照料18. The first Chinese team did so in 1960 , while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. 1960年第一支中国登山队登上了顶峰，1975年日本的田部井淳子成为第一个成功登上顶峰的女子。【解析1】while conj. 然而 (连接并列句） He is a worker while I am a doctor.conj.当.的时候，（引导时间状语从句） While I was doing my homework, my mother came in .【解析2】succeed v成功，达到 success n成功successfuladj.成功的successfullyadv成功地succeed in doingsth成功地做某事 19.Why do so many climbers risk their lives? 为什么这么多登山者愿意冒生命危险？【解析】risk ones life to do sth某人舍命做某事 There is a risk of sth/ doing sth有（做）某事的危险 take risks 冒险【2012 江苏无锡】It will be a dangerous trip. Are you want to take the _(风险）.20. One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselvesin the face of difficulties. 最主要的原因之一是因为人们在面临困难的时候想挑战自我。【解析