culture-shock--文化差异.ppt

C U L T U R E S H O C K Unit10CultureShock Outline 1 Thedefinitionofcultureshock2 Thestagesofcultureshock3 SymptomsofCultureShock4 TheCultureShockCircle5 TheReverseCultureShock6 Waystomanagecultureshock Discussion Discussingroupsfor5minutes1 Whatdoallthesesituationshaveincommon 2 Whatisyourdefinitionofcultureshock 3 Wheredoescultureshockhappen 4 Whatcouldbethedamagecausedbycultureshock 5 Whydoweneedtostudythisconcept CultureShockis TheinevitableprocessofyourmindandbodyadjustingtoanewplaceAhighlyindividualexperiencethatmaylastweeksorevenmonths Forsomepeople Culturaldifferencesareinterestingandstimulatingandtheywantmore Forothers Culturaldifferencesresultindiscomfortandconfusion theytendtojudgeorevaluateotherpeopleandplacesandreachnegativeconclusions Cultureshockisapsychologicalphenomenonthatisexperiencedmostoftenbythosewho whethervoluntarilyorinvoluntarily intheprocessofadjustingthemselvestoanewculture Itisthetraumaofbewilderment 困惑 紧张 whichpeoplefindthemselvesinwhentheyareisolatedinanalienculture 文化冲击指在大量地收到一种异文化的信息之后 尤其身处异国 不同程度地产生的一种心理反应 这是因为失去自己原有熟悉的社会信号和符号 对于对方的社会符号不熟悉 而产生的深度焦虑症 1 TheDefinitionofCultureShock CultureShock Cultureshockisthepersonaldisorientationapersonmayfeelwhenexperiencinganunfamiliarwayoflifeduetoimmigrationoravisittoanewcountry ortoamovebetweensocialenvironments alsoasimpletraveltoanothertypeoflife 2 PhasesofCultureShock HoneymoonphaseNegotiationphaseAdjustmentPhaseMasteryPhase Honeymoonphase Duringthisperiod thedifferencesbetweentheoldandnewcultureareseeninaromanticlight Forexample inmovingtoanewcountry anindividualmightlovethenewfood thepaceoflife andthelocals habits Duringthefirstfewweeks mostpeoplearefascinatedbythenewculture Theyassociatewithnationalswhospeaktheirlanguage andwhoarepolitetotheforeigners Thisperiodisfullofobservationsandnewdiscoveries Likemosthoneymoonperiods thisstageeventuallyends NegotiationPhase IrritationandHostility Focusturnsfromsimilaritiestothedifferenceswhicharesuddenlyeverywhere Becomeeasilyfrustratedbythedifferences Oftenfeelinadequateandunproductive Littledifficultiesbecomemajorsourcesofirritation Experiencecultureshockastherealityofthenewlifehits Negotiationphase Aftersometime usuallyaroundthreemonths dependingontheindividual differencesbetweentheoldandnewculturebecomeapparentandmaycreateanxiety Excitementmayeventuallygivewaytounpleasantfeelingsoffrustrationandangerasonecontinuestoexperienceunfavorableeventsthatmaybeperceivedasstrangeandoffensivetoone sculturalattitude Languagebarriers stark 完全的 differencesinpublichygiene trafficsafety foodaccessibilityandqualitymayheightenthesenseofdisconnectionfromthesurroundings Hasadoptedsomeofthelocalvaluesandfeelslessisolated Findsincreasedselfconfidence Becomesintegratedintoanewsocialnetwork Crisisisoverandslowlylearntofunctionundernewconditions PhaseThree AdjustmentPhase Adjustmentphase Aftersometime usually6to12months onegrowsaccustomedtothenewcultureanddevelopsroutines Oneknowswhattoexpectinmostsituationsandthehostcountrynolongerfeelsallthatnew Onebecomesconcernedwithbasiclivingagain andthingsbecomemore normal Onestartstodevelopproblem solvingskillsfordealingwiththecultureandbeginstoaccepttheculture swayswithapositiveattitude Theculturebeginstomakesense andnegativereactionsandresponsestotheculturearereduced MasteryPhase Biculturalism Increasedenjoymentfoundinnewcustomsandwaysofdoing sayingthings Abilitytofunctionintwocultureswithconfidence Lifemaybejustasgoodorevenbetterthanbefore Realizationthattherewillbethingsyouwillmisswhenyoupackupandreturnhome anticipaterealityofreversecultureshock Masteryphase Inthemasterystagepeopleareabletoparticipatefullyandcomfortablyinthehostculture Masterydoesnotmeantotalconversion peopleoftenkeepmanytraitsfromtheirearlierculture suchasaccentsandlanguages Itisoftenreferredtoasthebiculturalismstage 3 SymptomsofCultureShock Sadness loneliness melancholyPreoccupationwithhealthAches pains andallergiesInsomnia desiretosleeptoomuchortoolittleChangesintemperament depression feelingvulnerable feelingpowerlessAnger irritability resentment unwillingnesstointeractwithothersIdentifyingwiththeoldcultureoridealizingtheoldcountryLossofidentity SymptomsofCultureShock TryingtoohardtoabsorbeverythinginthenewcultureorcountryUnabletosolvesimpleproblemsLackofconfidenceFeelingsofinadequacyorinsecurityDevelopingstereotypesaboutthenewcultureDevelopingobsessionssuchasover cleanlinessLongingforfamilyFeelingsofbeinglost overlooked exploitedorabused 4 Themodelofcultureshock Theprocessofcultureshockcanbeillustratedbyamodelknownasthe W curve seediagramonthefollowingpage Thismodelmaynotrelatetoyourexperienceoronlypartially Sometimestheprocessisfasterorslower Manypeoplegothroughdifferentphasesoftheprocessofadjustmentseveraltimes sopartsofthecurveinthediagrammayrepeatthemselves W CURVE 01 CycleofAdjustment HOSTCOUNTRY goonexchange Moodswouldchangelikethisifyousufferfromcultureshock 5 ReverseCultureShock Re entryShock Theoftenunexpectedanddifficultperiodofdisorientation 迷惑 迷失方向 andreadjustmentexperiencedafterreturningtoone sowncultureafteranextendedperiodoflivingabroad Mostpeopleanticipatesomedegreeofcultureshock Veryfewpeoplebelievetheywillexperiencereversecultureshock ThePhasesofReverseCultureShockarealmostthesameasthoseofCultureShock HoneymoonphaseNegotiation disintegration phaseAdjustment integration phaseMastery biculturalism phase CultureShockandReverseCultureShockarenotjustunpleasantsideeffectsofinternationalliving Theyarethenecessaryingredientsthatbringaboutqualityexchanges 1 Participationisthekey2 Establishnewsupportsystems expatriates locals3 Takecareofyourself physicallyandmentally4 Learnthehostcountrylanguage5 Relaxyourgriponhomeculture6 Stayintouchbackhome7 Blendyourownculturaltraditionswiththenew8 Keepajournal9 Maintainyoursenseofhumor10 Havefaithinyourself11 Experiment expand explore KeystoSurviveCulturalAdjustment Exercises HerearesomeexcerptsfromthepostcardsofEnglishstudentsstudyinginChina Pleaseidentifytheywerewritteninwhichstageofcultureshock Cultureshock DearJoan Lifehereseemsnotsobadafterall Thepeoplearequiteniceonceyougettoknowthemalittlebetterandbegintofigureouttheirwayoflookingatthings GuessI mbeginning justbeginning toknowtheropes LovePeter Cultureshock DearMumandDad I mreallyfeelingfedupwithmylifehereandlongingforhome Gettinganythingdoneoverhereisanightmare thelocalsaresolazyandunhelpful AndontopofallthatIfeelrundownandsleepyallthetime seemtohavelostallmyzest LoveJim Cultureshock DearMichael Thisisafantasticplace Somanyinterestingthingstosee suchastheFor