Diabeticretinopathy糖尿病视网膜病变英文.ppt

Thenormalstructureoftheeyeball Terms 角膜 corneaCorne o Cornea角膜 Megacornea大角膜 Microcornea小角膜 Kerat o Keratitis角膜炎 Keratomalacia角膜软化症巩膜 scleraScler o Scleritis巩膜炎 Episcleritis表层巩膜炎 Episclera巩膜上层 epi beyondsomething epidermis表皮 上皮Epidermal表皮的 外皮的 虹膜 iris Irid o Iridotomy虹膜切开术 iridectomy虹膜切除术 iridocyclitis虹膜睫状体炎睫状体 ciliarybody脉络膜 choroid Choroid o choroidal脉络膜的 choroidoretinitis脉络膜视网膜炎视网膜 retin oretinitis视网膜炎 retinopathy视网膜病变 diabeticretinopathy糖尿病视网膜病变瞳孔 pupil Pupill o pupillomotor瞳孔运动的 pupillometer瞳孔计玻璃体 vitreous Vitre o vitreous玻璃体的 Vitrectomy玻璃体切除术 Vitreretinal玻璃体视网膜的 Vitreretinopathy玻璃体视网膜病变晶状体 lens视盘 opticdisk黄斑 macular视神经 opticnerve中央凹 Fovea Diabeticretinopathy DefinitionCausesSymptomsRiskfactorsTestsanddiagnosisWhentoseekmedicaladviceComplicationsTreatmentsanddrugsPrevention Diabeticretinopathy Definition Diabeticretinopathyisacomplicationofdiabetesthatresultsfromdamagetothebloodvesselsofthelight sensitivetissueatthebackoftheeye retina cause Diabeticretinopathycanhappentoanyonewhohastype1diabetesortype2diabetes Causes Whenyouhavediabetes yourbodydoesn tusesugar glucose properly Causes Ifyourbloodsugarlevelistoohigh yournaturallensmayswell whichcanbluryourvision Causes Eventually toomuchsugarinyourbloodcandamagethetinybloodvessels capillaries毛细血管 thatnourishtheretina Thiscanresultindiabeticretinopathy capillary Capill o n adj 毛细管 的 Capillaritis毛细管炎 Symptoms Atfirst diabeticretinopathymaycausenosymptomsoronlymildvisionproblems Symptoms Youcanhavediabeticretinopathyandnotknowit Infact symptomsareunusualintheearlystagesofdiabeticretinopathy Symptoms Eventually however diabeticretinopathycanresultinblindness InChina diabeticretinopathyisaleadingcauseofblindnessinadults symptoms Infact upto45percentofadultsdiagnosedwithdiabetesinChinahavesomedegreeofdiabeticretinopathy accordingtotheNationalEyeInstitute symptoms Andthelongeryouhavediabetes themorelikelyyouaretodevelopdiabeticretinopathy Symptoms Diabeticretinopathyusuallyaffectsbotheyes Symptoms Astheconditionprogresses diabeticretinopathysymptomsmayinclude A SpotsfloatinginyourvisionB BlurredvisionC DarkstreaksoraredfilmthatblocksyourvisionD PoornightvisionE Visionloss Diabeticretinopathyisusuallyclassifiedasearlyoradvanced Earlydiabeticretinopathy Nonproliferativediabeticretinopathy NPDR isthemostcommontypeofdiabeticretinopathy Itcanbedescribedasmild moderateorsevere NPDR NonProlifertiveDibeticRetinopthy 非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变 WhenyouhaveNPDR thewallsofthebloodvesselsinyourretinaweaken Tinybulges 凸起 protrude 伸入 fromthevesselwalls sometimesleakingoroozingfluidandbloodintotheretina Thesebulgesarecalledmicroaneurysms Microaneurysms 微动脉瘤 微血管瘤 Intheearlystagesofdiabeticretinopathy thewallsofthebloodvesselsinyourretinaweaken Tinybulgesprotrudefromthevesselwalls sometimesleakingoroozingfluidandbloodintotheretina Asdiabeticretinopathyprogresses newbloodvesselsmaygrowandthreatenyourvision Astheconditionprogresses thesmallervesselsmaycloseentirelyandthelargerretinalveinsmaybegintodilate 扩大 andbecomeirregularindiameter 直径 Nervefibersintheretinamaybegintoswell Sometimesthecentralpartoftheretina macula beginstoswell too Thisisknownasmacularedema Macula 黄斑Macularedema 黄斑水肿 terms Extensive 广泛的 大量的Intraretinalmicrovascularabnormalitis IRMA 视网膜内微血管异常Intraretinal 视网膜内部的Microvascular 微血管的Cottonwoolspots 棉绒斑Hemorrhage 出血Rootsthatmeansblood Hemo hema hem haemo haema haem rrhage 出血 流血Gastrointestinalrrhage消化道出血 Advanceddiabeticretinopathy Proliferativediabeticretinopathy PDR isthemostseveretypeofdiabeticretinopathy WhenyouhavePDR abnormalbloodvesselsgrowintheretina Sometimesthenewbloodvesselsgroworleakintothevitreous theclear jelly likesubstancethatfillsthecenterofyoureye 玻璃体 vitreous Vitre o vitreous玻璃体的 Vitrectomy玻璃体切除术 Jelly like 胶状的 Eventually scartissuestimulatedbythegrowthofnewbloodvesselsmaycausetheretinatodetach 脱离 fromthebackofyoureye Ifthenewbloodvesselsinterferewiththenormalflowoffluidoutoftheeye pressuremaybuildupintheeyeball Thiscandamagetheopticnerve Thenervethatcarriesimagesfromyoureyetoyourbrain Peripheral 外围的 不重要的Peri 外围的 周围的Perinatal围产期的 出生前后的Periportal门静脉周的 Periarteritis动脉周围炎 periappendicitis阑尾周炎 Exudativemaculopathy 渗出性黄斑病变Hardexudates 硬渗出物Hardexudatesandhemorrhageslateraltomacula 单侧性黄斑硬性渗出和出血Lateral 侧部的 Apparent 明显的Quadrant 象限 四分之一圆Prominent 显著的 Riskfactors Diabeticretinopathycanhappentoanyonewhohasdiabetes Theriskishighestifyou Riskfactors HavepoorcontrolofyourbloodsugarlevelHavehighbloodpressureHavehighcholesterolArepregnantAreblackorHispanicSmokeHispanic 西班牙人Cholesterol 胆固醇 Riskfactors Thelongeryouhavediabetes thegreateryourriskofdevelopingdiabeticretinopathy Whentoseekmedicaladvice Earlydetectionofdiabeticretinopathyisthebestwaytopreventvisionloss a Ifyouhavediabetes seeyoureyedoctorforayearlydilatedeyeexam 扩瞳检查 evenifyourvisionseemsfine b Ifyoubecomepregnant youreyedoctormayrecommendadditionaleyeexamsthroughoutyourpregnancy c Contactyoureyedoctorrightawayifyouexperiencesuddenvisionchangesoryourvisionbecomesblurry spottyorhazy 模糊或有斑点 Complications Theabnormalgrowthofnewbloodvesselsintheretinacanleadtoseriousvisionproblems Vitreoushemorrhage Thenewbloodvesselsmaybleedintotheclear jelly likesubstancethatfillsthecenterofyoureye vitreous Retinaldetachment 视网膜脱离 Thismaycauseblurredvision spotsfloatinginyourvisionorseverevisionloss Glaucoma Thenewbloodvesselsmayinterferewiththenormalflowoffluidoutoftheeyeandcausepressureintheeyetobuildup Blindness Eventually diabeticretinopathycanleadtocompletevisionloss Glaucoma 青光眼 Testsanddiagnosis Diabeticretinopathyisbestdiagnosedwithadilatedeyeexam Duringtheexam youreyedoctorwilllookfor AbnormalbloodvesselsSwelling bloodorfattydepositsintheretinaDamagetothenervetissueGrowthofnewbloodvesselsandscartissueBleedinginthevitreousRetinaldetachment Testsanddiagnosis Aspartoftheeyeexam yourdoctormaydoaretinalphotographytestcalledfluoresceinangiography Yourdoctoralsomayrequestanopticalcoherencetomography OCT exam Fundusfluoresceinangiography FFA 荧光素眼底血管造影术Fundus眼底 基底 宫底 Fluorescein荧光素 angiography血管造影术 Fundushemorrhage眼底出血Opticalcoherencetomography OCT 光学相干断层扫描Coherence连续性 相关性 一致性Tomography X线断层摄影术 laminography Treatments Treatmentfordiabeticretinopathydependsonthetypeofdiabeticretinopathyyouhave itsseverityandhowwellitmayrespondtospecifictreatments Earlydiabeticretinopathy Ifyouhavenonproliferativediabeticretinopathy youmaynotneedtreatmentrightaway However youreyedoctorwillcloselymonitoryourretinatodetermineifyouneedlasertreatment Advanceddiabeticretinopathy Ifyouhaveproliferativediabeticretinopathy you llneedpromptsurgicaltreatment Sometimessurgeryisrecommendedforseverenonproliferativediabeticretinopathy too Dependingonthespecificproblemswithyourretina optionsmayinclude Treatments