名词性从句终极版.ppt

Grammar 宾语从句ObjectClause 表语从句Predicative 主语从句SubjectClasuse 同位语从句AppositiveClause 名词性从句NounClause 从句一律保持陈述语序 主语从句 同位语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 Howshouldweusemoderntechnology Theproblemis Theproblemishowweshouldusemoderntechnology WhenwillmanbeabletoliveonMars isunknowntousall WhenmanwillbeabletoliveonMarsisunknowntousall Wherewillalltheseadvancedtechnologyleadus Ican timagine Ican timaginewherealltheseadvancedtechnologywillleadus Hissuccessinthecompetitionmadeushappy Thathesucceededinthecompetitioninthegamemadeushappy 一个句子 在连词的引导下 在另一个句子中充当名词使用 叫名词从句 Hisjobisimportant Whathedoesisimportant Thisishisjob Thisiswhathedoeseveryday 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词 主语 表语 Idon tlikehisjob Idon tlikewhathedoeseveryday Idon tknowabouttheman Mr White Idon tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher 宾语 同位语 Atlunchtime theradioweathermanreportedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfogintheafternoon Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar Whatsurprisedmemostwasthattheoldmancouldn tseeanything ThefactthatPollydidn taskfortheman snameisapity Findclausesfromthefollowingsentencesandtellthefunctionsofthem AppositiveClause 同位语从句 SubjectClause 主语从句 ObjectClause 宾语从句 PredicativeClause 表语从句 1 连接词有 thatwhether和lf2 连接代词有 whowhomwhosewhichwhat等3 连接副词有 whenwherewhyhow等另外whateverwhoeverwhichever等也可以引导主语和宾语两种从句 名词性从句中的 that 没有词义 也不作任何成分 1 主语从句 从句在句中充当主语成分 1 Thathewillsucceediscertain 2 Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown 3 Whathesaidisnottrue 4 Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout 5 Whoevercomesiswelcome 6 It scertainthathewillsucceed 7 Howwecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeeting 8 Whenthey llstarttheprojecthasnotbeendecidedyet It的用法 形式主语 It possible important necessary clear that 很可能 重要的是 必要的是 很清楚 It said reported that 据说 据报道 It sbeenannounced declaredthat 已经通知 宣布 Itseems appears happens that 显然 明显 碰巧 It snowonderthat 并不奇怪 无疑 It sapity afact acommonknowledge 众所周知 acommonsaying 俗话说 注意 Whatyouleftareonlyseveraloldbooks Whatyousaidisofgreatimportance if 不能引导主语从句 应有 whether 引导 主语从句的 that 一般不能省 what 引导主语从句时 谓语动词 1 常与其后的名词作表语一致2 根据句子的语境而定 hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue A ThatB WhyC WhatD How 2 we llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere 3 isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry theFirstWorld Which belongtob As belongedtoc What belongingtod It belongingto 4 It sknowntousall aformofenergy A waterisB thatwaterisC iswaterD thatwaterto5 Itworriedherabit herhairwasturninggray A whetherB ThatC whatD when6 WhatIsayandthink noneofyourbusiness A isB areC hasDhave 2 宾语从句 从句在句中充当宾语成分 可以作谓语动词 介词 不定式等非谓语动词的宾语 If whether都可用1 Theyknowthatthehabitwillkillthem 2 Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus 3 HeaskedhowmuchIpaidfortheviolin 4 Hemadeitcleartothepublicthathedidanimportantandnecessaryjob 5 Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomework 当whether后紧跟or ornot时 不用if Idon tknowwhetherIwillstayornot介词后面的宾语从句不能用if IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling 注意 1 Whether和if都可以引导宾语从句 注意 1 当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时 从句是什么时态就用什么时态 2 当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时 宾语从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态 但当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时 仍然用一般现在时 Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight fasterthansound travels Theradiosaysit cloudytomorrow be Theheadmasterhopeseverything well go Tomsaysthatthey play basketballatsixo clockyesterdayevening Ihearthey return italready Hesaidthatthey membersofthePartysince1948 be willbe goes wereplaying havereturned hadbeen 6 Ididn tknowwhattimehe theletter write 7 Couldyoutellmewho awaythebookalready take 8 LingFengtoldmehe totheGreatWallseveraltimes be wrote hastaken hadbeen 3 表语从句 从句在句中充当表语成分 一般放在连系动词之后 增加了连接词 asif asthoughbecause Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim That sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry That swhyIwaslate 注意 在表语从句中 表 是否 时 只能用 whether 不能用 If 一般情况下 that 不能省 Itis wasbecause Itis waswhy 3 Thereason why for is wasthat 4Thereasonisbecause why that 1 That s thePartycalledonustodo A whyB whatC howD that2 Thereasonis heisunabletooperatethemachine A becauseB whyC thatD Whether3 Thatis theyseparated A thatB whatC whichD where4 Janeisnolonger shewasfouryearsago A whatB whichC thatD when 4同位语从句 从句在句中充当同位语成分 其一般跟在一些抽象名词 idea belief fact truth problem news等 后面 对名词作进一步解释说明 同位语从句常用that引导或用连接副词when where why how whether 1 Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople 2 WordcamethatNapoleonhimselfwascomingtoinspectthem 3 SydneykepthispromisethathewouldalwaysdoanythinghecouldforLucietomakesureofherhappiness Ihavenoidea whenhewillbeback howhecangetthetreasure wheretheconcertwillbehold whocanfinishthework whyithappened whichpenismine whatweshoulddonext whomtheyaretalkingabout whetherit llraintomorrow thatourfootballteamwonthegame Ihaveheardthenewsthathevisitedourfactory Ihaveheardthenewsthathetoldyoutheotherday 同位语从句和定语从句的区别 1同位语从句 that只起连接作用 不作任何成分定语从句 that是关系代词 起连接作用和充当宾语和主语2同位语从句 同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关系 对名词进行补充说明定语从句 定从和前面的名词是所属关系 对名词进行修饰 加以限定3同位语从句 that不能省定语从句 that在从句中作宾语时 可以省 Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed 2 WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaagain 1 Theinformationhasbeenannouncedthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversity 2 Theinformationthatherevealedatthemeetingisofgreatvalue AT AP AP AT AttributiveorAppositive 名词性从句连接词的选用 1 that和what的选用 that和what都可引导所有的名词从句 但是 what除起连接作用外 还在名词性从句中充当成分 可做从句的主语 宾语 或表语 而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分 只起连接作用 that what 1 hewantsisabook 2 hewantstogothereisobvious 3 Theresultis wewonthegame 4 Thisis wewanttoknow 5 Is hetoldustrue 6 Weshouldpayattentionto theteacherissaying 7 Ihavenodoubt hewillcome 8 Ihavenoidea hedidthatafternoon What That that what what what that what a 主语从句b 表语从句c 同位语从句e 介词后的宾语从句f whethertodo做动词宾语不能用iftodo g whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if if和whether的选用 不能使用if的情况 1 Iaskedher shehadabike 2 wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather 3 We reworriedabout heissafe 4 Idon tknow heiswellornot 5 Idon tknow ornotheiswell 6 Thequestionis heshoulddoit 7 Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion theoldmanwillrecoversoon 8 Idon tknow togo if whether Whether whether whether if whether whether whether whether if whether 其它连接代词和副词的连用 主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义 正确的选择who which when where why how等连接词 这些连接词既具有疑问含义 又起连接作用 同时在从句中充当各种成分 我们何时举行运动会还没有决定 weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided 我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃 Idon tknow broketheglassyesterday 我不知道他长的什么样子 Ihavenoidea helookslike 这就是我忘记眼镜的地方 Thisis Ileftmyglasses When who what where that可省略的情况 that不可省略的情况 主语从句表语从句同位语从句用it做形式宾语的宾语从句并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that不能省略 引导词that的省略 单个宾语从句中的that可省略 1 Idon tthink sheiscoming 2 Itisapity hehasmadesuchamistake 3 Thereasonis heiscareless 4 Thenews ourteamwonthematchinspiredus 5 Idon tthinkitnecessary youshouldreadEnglishaloud 6 Hetoldme hisfatherhaddiedand hehadtomakealivingalone that that that that that that that that that 名词性从句专项练习 1 madetheschoolproudwas morethan90 ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities AWhat becauseBWhat thatCThat whatDThat because2 shecouldn tunderstandwas fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons AWhat whyBThat whatCWhat becauseDWhy that B A B 3 Heisabsentfromschool Itis heisseriouslyill A whyB becauseC thatD thereason 4 hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising AWhoBTheoneCAnyoneDWhoever5 Informationhasbeenputforward moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities AthatBhowCwhereDwhat D A 6 isnopossibility Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch A There thatB It thatC There whetherD It which A 7 IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek Isthat youhadafewdaysoff AwhyBwhenCwhatDwhere8Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday sgame Oh that s AwhatmakesmefeelexcitedBwhateverIfeelexcitedaboutChowIfeelaboutitDwhenIfeelexcited A A fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect AWhatBThatCThisDWhich10 Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview pleaserememberthegoldenrule Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly hewants AwhatBwhichCwhenDthat11 Wemadethesuggestionthathe hiswork AcontinuesBcontinueCcontinuedDhadcontinued B A B 11 Therewillbeaspecialpricefor buysthingsinlargenumberhere A whoB whomC whoeverD Whomever12 Marywroteanarticleon theteamhadfailedtowinthegame whyB whatC whoD that 05 13 Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept helphecanget 05 A whicheverB howeverC whateverD whenever 14 Manynewspaperprintedthegovernor sstatement wouldsupportataxcut andheB wasthatheCwhichheDthathe15 manmustfearwhentravelinginspaceisradiationfromthesun WhichB HowC WhatD That16 Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild heorshewants A HoweverB whateverC whicheverD whenever 1 Canyoumakesure thegoldrings A whereshehadputB wherehadsheputC whereshehasputD wherehassheput 2 Thereasonthathasbeensuchasuccess henevergivesup A isB isbecauseC isthatD iswhat 3 breaksthelawshouldbepunished AWhoeverb Nomatterwhoc anyone d who 4 Thatis Ihadtotaketheriskofbeingwashedaway A whyB reasonwhyC howD what5 Do youthinkisright difficultiesyoumayhave A what howeverB that whateverC whatever whoeverD what whatever6 Theworkersconsidereditimportant thebosswouldagreetogivethemarise A whetherB howC whereD which 7 Alongwiththeletterwashispromise hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas A whichB thatC whatD whether 8 Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal andthisis Idisagree A whyB whereC whatD how 9 Difficultylies wehavenomoney A thatB inthatC inthefactD inthefactthat 10 Idon tthinkthequestionof theyareoldoryoungisimportant A whichB whetherC howD why 11 Itmakesnodiff