Festivals-and-Customs.ppt

Lecture6 FestivalsandCustoms Introduction ImportantFestivals EthicalFestivals ClassificationanddevelopmentofChinesefestivals FestivalsofotherethicalgroupsotherthantheHan Origin history customsandsignificancesofimportantChinesefestivals FestivalsandCustoms Introduction Let stalkabout The24SolarTerms Development Classification CategoriesofChineseFestivals TraditionalFestivals Descriptionofthecontents StatutoryFestivals ChineseFestivals The24SolarTerms Marksoftheseasonalclimaticchanges Establishedonthebasisofthesun sdifferentlocationsontheeclipticandthecorrespondingclimaticphenomenaontheearth Aresultoflong termobservation explorationandsummarizationofastronomy meteorologyandnaturalphenomena Closelyrelatedwithseasons temperature rainfallandnaturalphenomena Helpgraspthecriticalmomentsinfarmingandengageinagriculturalproductioneffectively NamesofThe24SolarTerms BeginningofSpringRainWaterAwakingofInsectsSpringEquinoxPureBrightnessGrainRain 立春雨水惊蛰春分清明谷雨 NamesofThe24SolarTerms BeginningofSummerGrainFullGraininEarSummerSolsticeMinorHeatMajorHeat 立夏小满芒种夏至小暑大暑 NamesofThe24SolarTerms BeginningofAutumnLimitofHeatWhiteDewAutumnEquinoxColdDewDescentofFrost 立秋处暑白露秋分寒露霜降 NamesofThe24SolarTerms BeginningofWinterMinorSnowMajorSnowWinterSolsticeMinorColdMajorCold 立冬小雪大雪冬至小寒大寒 Songofthe24SolarTerms SpringRainAwakeningSpringPureGrainasdaysgoby SummerFullGrainSummerandtwoHeatsfollow AutumnLimitDewAutumnColdasFrostdescends WinterSnowandSnowWinteruntiltwoColdsremain Twosolartermsarrivepermonthonpresetdates Withamarginofoneortwodaysatthemost 6thand21stofeverymonthinthefirsthalfoftheyear And8thand23rdinthesecondhalfoftheyear Songofthe24SolarTerms 春雨惊春清谷天 夏满芒夏暑相连 秋处露秋寒霜降 冬雪雪冬小大寒 每月两节日期定 最多不差一二天 上半年是六廿一 下半年来八廿三 BeforeQinDynasty 221 206BC HanDynasty 206BC AD220 TangDynasty 618 907 DevelopmentofTraditionalFestivals mostofthemalreadyappeared themajorfestivalswereestablished becomeindependentbyfadingitsritualsignificance ImportantFestivals Byorderoftime PureBrightnessFestival DragonBoatFestival TheNightoftheSevens Mid AutumnFestival SpringFestival DoubleNinthFestival SpringFestival SpringFestival China smostimportantfestival fallsonthe1stdayofthe1stlunarmontheachyear FamilymembersgatherjustastheydoforChristmasintheWest Infact withsomanypeoplereturninghome itisthebusiesttimefortransportationsystems SpringFestival Origin What sthis 年YearWhat sthemeaningof 过年关 BeingabletosurvivethecalamitybroughtaboutbyYearbeast SpringFestival Origin SpringFestival Customs SpringFestival Customs 二十三 祭灶官 二十四 扫房子 二十五 打豆腐 二十六 割年肉 二十七 杀年鸡 二十八 去买蜡 二十九 灌烧酒 年三十儿 贴对子儿 年初一 磕头作揖儿 年初二 新媳妇上路儿 年初三 把坟添 年初四 走亲戚 年初五 大扫除 过了 破五 把活做 SpringFestival Customs 二十三 糖瓜粘 二十四 扫房日 二十五 推糜黍 二十六 去割肉 二十七 宰只鸡 二十八 把面发 二十九 蒸馒头 三十晚上守一宿 大年初一扭一扭 小子小子你别馋 过了腊八就是年 腊八粥 喝几天 沥沥拉拉二十三 二十三 糖瓜粘 二十四 扫房子 二十五 糊窗户 二十六 炖猪肉 二十七 宰公鸡 二十八 面粉发 二十九 蒸馒头 三十晚上熬一夜 大年初一街上扭 LabaandtheEight TreasurePorridge Labaiscelebratedonthe8thdayofthe12thlunarmonth The12thlunarmonthiscalledtheLamonth whichmeansaworldoficeandsnow Bameanseight The8thdayofthatmonthwasconsideredadayformakingsacrificestogodsandancestorstoensureapeacefullifeandagoodharvestinthenextyear LabaPorridge AlsocalledtheEight TreasurePorridge Themainmaterialsusuallyconsistofbeanslikeredbeans mungbeans 绿豆 cowpeas 豇豆 haricots 扁豆 peasandbroadbeans andgrainlikerice millet 小米 polishedround grainedrice glutinousrice wheat oat cornandbroomcorn 高粱 The23rddayofthe12thlunarmonthisPreliminaryYear SacrificesareofferedtotheKitchenGodwithfamiliessharingdeliciousfoodfollowedbypreparationsforthecomingSpringFestival Foods decorations newclothesandshoesforchildrenaswellasgiftsfortheelderly friendsandrelativesareprepared Housesarethoroughlycleaned SpringFestival Customs TheseareChinesegoodluckproverbsonredpaper oftenwithgoldentrimmingandareusuallyabouthappiness wealth longevity andasatisfactorymarriage includingmorechildren SpringFestival Customs FamilyreuniondinneronSpringFestivalEve Stayingupaslateaspossibletowaitforthearrivalofthenewyear Settingofffirecrackersatmidnight TheeldergenerationdistributingYaSuiMoneytochildren SpringFestival Customs Dishessuchaschicken fishandtofumustbeincluded forinChinese theirpronunciations respectivelyJi yuanddoufu mean auspicious abundantandblessed SpringFestival Customs Niangaomeans higherandhigher oneyearafteranother Jiaozi ordumpling means biddingfarewelltotheoldandusheringinthenew 辞旧迎新 SpringFestival Customs TheSpringFestivalGala Inrecentyears theSpringFestivalGala broadcastonChinaCentralTelevisionStation CCTV lasting5to6hourshasbeenanessentialentertainmentfortheChinesebothathomeandabroad NewYear DuringthefirstfivedaysoftheSpringFestival relatives friends classmatesandcolleaguesexchangegreetingsandgiftsbyvisiting callingorsendingmessages Telephoneslinesandcablesarebusilyengagedonthesedays LanternFestival TheLanternFestival celebratedonthe15thdayofthefirstlunarmonth iscloselyrelatedtotheSpringFestival ItmarkstheendoftheNewYearcelebrations followingwhichlifereturnstonormal ThemostprominentactivityoftheLanternFestivalisthegranddisplayofbeautifullanterns GuessingRiddles GuessingriddlespastedontolanternsisaLanternFestivaltraditionfromtheSongDynasty Visitorswhosolveariddlemaygetprizes Yuanxiao Alsocalledtangyuan Theyaresmalldumplingballsmadeofglutinousriceflourwithsesame 芝麻 beanpaste jujubepaste 枣泥 walnutmeat 核桃肉 driedfruit orsugarandedibleoilasfilling What smore tangyuaninChinesehasasimilarpronunciationto tuanyuan meaningreunion PureBrightnessFestival ThePureBrightnessFestival orQingmingFestival isadayformourningthedead Itisoneofthe24seasonaldivisionpointsinthelunarcalendar fallingonApril4th 6theachyear Afterthefestival thetemperaturerisesandrainfallincreasesinreadinessforspringplowing 春耕 andsowing HanshiDay 寒食 HanshiDay orColdFoodDay isthedaybeforeQingmingFestival whennofireorsmokeisallowedandpeopleonlyeatcoldfood 寒食 唐 韩翃春城无处不飞花 寒食东风御柳斜 日暮汉官传蜡烛 轻烟散入五侯家 TheStoryofJieZitui ARiversideSceneatQingmingFestival ZhangZeduan 张择端 oftheSongDynastyproducedoneofChina smostfamousworksofart ARiversideSceneatQingmingFestival Therearemorethan500peopleinthepainting aswellasscoresofdifferentanimals carriagesandsedanchairs 轿子 andbridgesandboats Itisavividrecordofthefestivitiesandhustleandbustle 熙熙攘攘 oftheQingmingFestival DragonBoatFestival TheDragonBoatFestivalfallsonthe5thdayofthe5thlunarmonth TheStoryofItsOrigin DragonBoatRacing DragonBoatRacingCompetitionisanindispensablepartofthefestival heldalloverthecountry Teamsindragon shapedboatsrowintimetothebeatofrapiddrums DoubleSeventhFestival TheDoubleSeventhFestival onthe7thdayofthe7thlunarmonth isatraditionalfestivalfullofromance ItoftenfallsonadayinAugust IthasbeenregardedasChina sValentine sDay TheStoryoftheLegendoftheCowherdandWeaverMaid Mid AutumnFestival TheMid AutumnFestivalfallsonthe15thdayofthe8thlunarmonth usuallyinOctober TheroundshapetoaChinesemeansfamilyreunion thereforetheMid AutumnFestivalismostromanticizedinChinaasadayoffamilyreunionandafestivalwithfriends TheStoryofItsOrigin AppreciationofSomeFamousLines Iraisedmyhead thesplendidmoonIsee Thendroopmyheadandsinktodreamsofmyhometown 举头望明月 低头思故乡 Myonewishforyou then islonglife Andashareinthisloveliness themoon far faraway 但愿人长久 千里共婵娟 DoubleNinthFestival TheDoubleNinthFestivalorChongyangFestivaliscelebratedonthe9thdayofthe9thlunarmonth ItusuallyfallsinOctober DoubleNinthFestivalcanalsobecalledHeightAscendingFestival 登高节 whenpeoplecustomarilyclimbmountainsortowers bringingalongchrysanthemumwine 菊花酒 TheStoryofItsOrigin In1989 theChinesegovernmentdesignated 指定 DoubleNinthFestivalasSeniors Day 老人节 asnineistheh