广州版7年级英语下册语法-U6情态动词.doc

广州 初一英语专题学案：情态动词 七年级下册U6同步一、精讲点拨1. 情态动词can, may和must情态动词和不带to的动词不定式一起构成谓语，但ought除外。情态动词有一定的词义，没有人称和数的变化。它表示说话人的语气或情态，如请求、命令、愿望、能力以及可能性等。情态动词含义示例一般疑问句回答can/could能；能够；会；可以We can buy a car to save our time on the road.Can he swim?Yes,can./ No,cant.许可You can(=may) go home now. /用于条件句中If he comes, he can help us.I could come earlier, if necessary./be able to与can同义，常用以表示can所不能表示的将来或完成时的概念She will be able to buy the house by the end of next year.Yes,is(are).No,isnt/arent.may/might允许、请求Excuse me, may I have a glass of water?Yes,may/can.No,cant/ mustnt.可能，或许；用might语气更加不肯定These ideas may seem strange to you.He might get lost. /表祝愿May all your dreams come true.must必须，应该All the staff must arrive at the square before 9.must not意为“不可以”，“不许”；而need not才是must通常的否定回答We must not spit on the ground.-Must I return the book next week?-Yes, you must./No, you neednt.Ex1: 请选择最佳答案1. -“ _ I borrow your dictionary?” -“ Certainly, here you are.”A. Must B. May C. Need D. Shall2. You _ worry about him. He will take care of himself.A. cant B. neednt C. mustnt D. couldnt 3. We _ talk or sleep in the class, or Mrs. Clark will be very angry.A. dont B. havent C. neednt D. mustnt 4. - _ you understand what I mean? - Not really.A. Can B. May C. Must D. Should 5. - Lets go dancing tonight. - Sorry, I _. I have to go to a meeting.A. may not B. mustnt C. cant D. neednt 6. - Must I park my car behind the building? - No, you _. But you _ park it here.A. mustnt, mayB. may not, mustC. dont have to, mayD. shouldnt, must 7. You _ be late for school again next time.A. mustnt B. neednt C. dont have to D. dont need to8. -Must I do my homework at once?-No, you_. A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant D. may not2. can, may, must 表猜测用法区别情态动词表示“猜测”例句can 表示可能性，常用于否定句表示“不可能”，疑问句表示“会吗？”Can it be true?那会是真的吗？It cannot be true.may表猜测，通常只用于陈述句表示“可能，也许”You may be right.你可能是对的。must表猜测，暗含有很大的可能性表示“肯定，一定”He must be ill. He looks so pale.他肯定是病了。他的脸色那么苍白。Ex.2 请选择最佳答案1. - I saw Johnny in the pub last night. - It _ be him. He went to L.A. and he wont be back until next week.A. neednt B. mustnt C. have to D. cant 2. - Where is mom now? - Im not sure. She _ be in the kitchen.A. shall B. may C. need D. must not 3. - Why didnt Tracy come to school today? - She _ be sick. She didnt feel well yesterday.A. must B. might C. may D. can 二、课后练习一）单项选择1. - Can you speak Japanese? - Sorry, I _.A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant D. may not2. - _ I visit Lucy on Sunday, mum? - Yes, you _.A. must, can B. may, may C. need, need D. may, need 3. This book _ Lucys. Look! Her name is on the book cover.A. must be B. may be C. cant be D. mustnt be 4. - _ I finish the work today? - No, you can do it tomorrow.A. Must B. May C. Can D. Need5. Cars and buses _ stop when the traffic lights are red.A. can B. need C. must D. may6. - Who else will come to the party besides bob and jack? - John _ come, but he isnt very sure yet.A. may B. will C. must D. need7. Youd better go and ask Mr. Brown. He _ know how to use the computer.A. can B. may C. would D. could 8. - Can you drive a car? - No, I _. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. couldnt 9. - May I go swimming now? - No, I _. You must finish your homework first.A. mustnt B. may be C. couldnt D. neednt10. - Must I stay at home the whole afternoon? - No, you _.A. mustnt B. cant C. may be D. neednt二）用情态动词填空（包括否定式）1. - _ you take the box to the classroom? -Yes, I _.2. _ I borrow your ruler?3. I _ look after my little sister. She is only two years old.4. Jim _ speak French, but he _ speak a little Chinese now.5. Excuse me, _ you show me the way to the hospital?6. Children _ play on the road.7. My watch doesnt work. There _ be something wrong with it.8. We _ do something to stop factories from polluting harmful gases.9. When the traffic lights are red, you _ cross the road.10. You _ catch a bus. Its quite near.三）拓展练习1.请根据材料内容，从各题后所给的选项中选择最佳答案。2.划出文中的情态动词 Everyone knows that exercise is important. We need to exercise. Doctors say it is good for us. It keeps our bodies strong. When the daytime comes, we must get up. This is the time for exercise. Exercise means doing things with the body. There are many ways to exercise. You can walk, run, swim, skate, or play ball games. Make sure you excise in the following ways: you have to like what youre doing. Exercise enough-but not too much. It is good to exercise twice each week. Thirty minutes each time is enough. Try all kinds of things until you find one, two or three sports that feel right for you. Exercise can be fun. Friends can exercise together at fitness center, or they can play sports together. How do you exercise?1. In the passage the writer tells us that we all need to_.A. drink B. relax C. exercise D. work2.Which of the following sports cant we find in the passage?A. Fishing B. Running C. Swimming D. Walking3. What does exercise mean?A. It means doing things with the bodyB. It means studyingC. It means doing lessons. D. It means playing4. What can exercise do to the body?A. It can make the body weakB. It can make us sleep moreC. It can make the body sickD. It can make the body healthy5. The words “fitness center” in the passage mean_A.减肥中心 B.健身中心 C.购物中心 D.医疗中心2.（选做）For 99% of human history, people took their food from the world around them. They ate all that they could find, and then moved on. Then around 10,000 years ago, about 1% of human history, people learned to farm the land.The kind of food we eat depends on which part of the world we live in, or which part of our country we live in. For example, in the south of China they eat rice, but in the north they eat noodles. In European countries near the sea, people eat a lot of fish. In central Europe, away from the sea, people dont eat so much fish, but they eat more meat. For example, in Germany and Poland, there are hundreds of different kinds of sausages.In North America, Australia, and Europe, people eat with knives and forks. In China, people eat with chopsticks. In parts of India and the Middle East, people use their fingers to pick up food.Nowadays it is possible to transport food easily from one part of the world to another. We can eat whatever we like, at any time of the year. In Britain, bananas come from Africa; rice comes from India or the U.S.A.; strawberries come from Chile or Spain. Food is a very big business. But people in poor countries are still hungry while people in rich countries eat too much.( ) 1. 10,000 years ago, people _ . A. learned to farm the land B. cooked different kinds of food C. couldnt find food around themD. transported food from one country to another( ) 2. In central Europe, away from the sea, people eat _ . A. more noodles B. much fish C. more meat D .much rice( ) 3. In North America, Australia, and E