高中英语复合句精品课件.ppt

英语复合句 根据结构分简单句并列句复合句 主语从句表语从句宾语从句同位语从句状语从句 PleasereadthedialoguesandrecognizethefunctionsoftheNounClause A Tom Whatareyoudoing Jack I mthinkingaboutwhatIshoulddo Tom Whatdoyoumean Jack I vegotamessagethatmygirlfriendwillcomethisafternoon Apartywasholdherelastnight soImustcleantheroombeforeshecomes Tom Takeiteasy I dliketohelpyou TellmewhatIcando Jack Goodguy It sgreatthatIhaveafriendlikeyou Tom Then let sbegin 名词性从句 名词性从句nounclause 主语从句subjectclause 宾语从句objectclause 表语从句predicativeclause 同位语从句appositiveclause 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 1 Thathewillsucceediscertain 2 Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown 3 Whathesaidisnottrue 4 Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout 5 Whoevercomesiswelcome 请思考 主语从句是在复合句中作主语的从句 通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替 而本身放在句末 主语从句引导词有 连词 that whether if 代词 who ever what ever which ever whom ever 副词 when ever where ever how ever why等 主语从句 It作形式主语 It作形式主语代替主语从句 主要是为了平衡句子结构 主语从句的连接词没有变化 Thatheisafamoussingerisknowntous Itisknowntousthatheisafamoussinger WhenhewillgotoAmericaisnotyetfixed ItisnotyetfixedwhenhewillgotoAmerica 1 It be 形容词 that从句 Itisnecessary important obviousthat 2 It be ed分词 that从句 Itisbelievedthat 人们相信 Itisknowntousallthat 众所周知 Ithasbeendecidedthat 已经决定 3 It be 名词 that从句 Itiscommonknowledgethat 是常识Itisasurprisethat 令人惊奇的是 Itisafactthat 事实是 4 It 不及物动词 that从句 Itappearsthat 似乎 Ithappensthat 碰巧 Itoccurredtomethat 我突然想起 1 主语从句一律用陈述句语序 即主语在前 谓语在后 例 误 Whenwillhecomeisnotknown 2 连接词that在主语从句中无实际意义 但不能省略 例 误 Hewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue 正 Whenhewillcomeisnotknown 正 Thathewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue 主语从句中语序与that的省略 注意 主语从句中的 主谓一致 3 主语从句通常被看作一个整体 主句的谓语动词用单数形式 Thattheywillcome certain 4 What引导主语从句时 主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定 Whathewants thesebooks Whathewants somewater 注意 is are is Translation 问题是我们是否可以信任他 我建议买台大电脑 她看起来要哭了 Thequestionis Mysuggestionis Helooked 表语从句 whetherwecanrelyonhim asifhewasgoingtocry thatwe should buyabigcomputer 请思考 表语从句 表语从句是在复合句中作表语的从句 位于联系动词之后 一般结构是 主语 连系动词 表语从句 可接表语从句的连系动词有be look remain seem等 另外 常用的还有thereasonisthat 和Itisbecause等结构 引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样 e g Thequestionis wecanmakegoodpreparationinsuchashorttime Thisis wecan tgetthesupportofthepeople Butthefactremains wearebehindtheotherclasses Thereason heislateforschoolis hemissedtheearlybus whether how why that why that 1 Iwondered youweresoangry 2 Italldependson theywillsupportus 3 Ican timagine madehimactlikethat 4 I mdelighted Ihavepassedtheexam 5 Ifinditnecessary weshoulddothehomework 用适当的连接词填空 why whether what that that 宾语从句 请思考 宾语从句 宾语从句是在复合句中作宾语的从句 通常放在主句谓语动词 及物动词 或介词之后 宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词相同 Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened 作动词的宾语 Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother 作介词的宾语 Iamafraid that I vemadeamistake 作形容词的宾语 It作形式宾语 it不仅可以作为形式主语 还可以作为形式宾语 而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾 特别是在带复合宾语的句子中 Wethoughtitgoodnewsthatthefoghadfinallygone Wethinkitourdutythatweshouldhelpothers Ifinditimpossiblethathecanfinishtheworkintwodays Exercises 1 Ihate whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull A itB thatC theseD them2 Ifeel strangethatheshouldbesocareless A B itC thatD how3 Itworriedherabit herhairwasturninggrey A whileB thatC ifD for4Willyouseeto thattheluggageisbroughtback A weB yourselfC itD them A B B C 1 当主句动词是现在时或将来时 从句根据自身的句子情况 而使用不同时态 Iknow that hestudiesEnglisheveryday Iknow that hestudiedEnglishlastterm Iknow that hewillstudyEnglishnextyear Iknow that hehasstudiedEnglishsince2019 宾语从句中的 时态呼应 宾语从句中的 否定转移 若主句谓语动词为 think consider suppose believe expect fancy guess imagine等 其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义 一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上 从句谓语用肯定式 Idon tthinkhewillcomehere Idon tthinkthedressfitsyouwell 宾语从句一律用陈述句的语序 2 whether和if都可以引导宾语从句 但 1 当whether后紧跟ornot时 不用if 例 Idon tknow Iwillstayornot 2 介词后面的宾语从句不能用if 例 Iworryabout Ihurtherfeeling 宾语从句注意事项 注意 whether whether 3 引导宾语从句的连词that也无实际意义 多数情况下可以省略 但部分情况不可省略 1 在主 谓 it 形式宾语 宾补 that从句中 真正宾语 的句型中不省略 Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay 2 由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中 that不省略 Hetoldmethathewouldcomeandthathewouldcomeontime 宾语从句注意事项 注意 1 Theking sdecisionthattheprisonerwouldbesetfreesurprisedallthepeople 2 Theorderthatallthesoldiersshouldstaystillisgivenbythegeneral 3 HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff Summary 名词news information belief fact order hope idea answer doubt thought question等后可跟同位语从句 同位语从句 同位语从句是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句 一般放在名词之后 用以说明或解释前面的名词 可接同位语从句的名词通常是概括性 抽象名词 少为复数 且通常带冠词 常见者有 fact news idea promise thought answer hope demand doubt decision explanation suggestion order problem question remark reply report belief truth wish等 ReviewNounclause 1 Translation 1 Itisapitythatyoudidn tgotoseethefilm 2 Motheraskedhissonwhathehadforlunchatschool 3 Thequestioniswhetherwecanmakegoodpreparationinsuchashorttime 4 Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwonthegame 1 hesaidsomadeusangry hesaidatthemeetingmadeusangry 2 Acomputercanonlydo youhaveinstructedittodo 3 中国不再是过去的样子了 4 Amoderncityhasbeensetupin wasawastelandtenyearsago A whatB whichC thatD where That What Chinaisnolonger itusedtobe what what 1 Theywanttoknow dotohelpus A whatcantheyB whattheycanC howtheycanD howcanthey 2 Canyoumakesure thegoldring A whereAlicehadputB wherehadAliceputC whereAlicehasputD wherehasAliceput 3 SomeoneisringingMary Goandsee A whoisheB whoheisC whoisitD whoitis B C I 语序问题 D 归纳 在名词性从句中 除了关联词在从句之首外 其它部分应用 的语序 陈述 1 Idon tknow I llbefreetomorrow 2 Idon tknow ornotI llbefreetomorrow 3 Thequestionis thisbookisworthwriting 4 Itdependson wewillhaveenoughmoney 5 theycandoitmatterslittletous 6 youarenotfreetomorrow I llgowithoutyou whether if whether whether whether Whether If a 主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 介词后面的宾语从句只能用 不能用if b 后面紧跟ornot时 用 归纳 whether whether II If whether问题 1 knowledgecomesfrompracticeisknowntoall WhatB WhereC IfD That 2 Itmakesnodifference oursportsmeetwillbeheldthisweekornextweek A thatB eitherC whetherD whenhen 3 Idoubt hewillcomesoon 4 Idonotdoubt hewillcomesoon 5 Doyoudoubt hewillcomesoon D C whether if that that 表示是否时用 表示肯定时用 归纳 whether if that III that与whether if的选择 1 09四川8 Newscamefromtheschooloffice XiaoLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity A whichB whatC thatD where2 09天津9 Itisobvioustothestudents theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture A asB whichC whetherD that3 06上海 Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaris itcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure A howB whyC thatD when 高考链接 同位语从句 主语从句 表语从句 4 上海01年春季 Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon A whenB howCwhetherD why5 2019江苏 Wehaven tsettledthequestionof itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad AifBwhereCwhetherDthat6 96NMET we llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather A IfB WhetherC ThatD Where 表语从句 宾语从句 主语从句 WhileIwaswonderingatthis ourschoolmastertookhisplace 2 Wherethereisawill thereisaway 3 Nowthat Sinceeverybodyishere let sbeginourmeeting 4 I llspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme 5 Socleverwasheastudentthathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems 6 Aslongasyoudon tloseheart you llsucceed 7 Tryashemight hecouldnotfindajob 8 Theoldladytreatstheboyasifhewerehisownson 时间 地点 原因 目的 结果 条件 让步 方式 状语从句的分类 九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词 时间状语从句 when while as before after assoonas till until not until thefirst second lasttime themoment theminute theinstant immediately directly instantly hardly when scarcely when nosooner than where wherever because since as nowthat seeingthat consideringthat if unless now that as so longas incase onconditionthat suppose supposing provided providing although though eventhough if as while nomatterwhich what when where who how whichever wherever whatever whoever whenever however whether or 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 条件状语从句 让步状语从句 九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词 结果状语从句 sothat so that such that sothat incase forfearthat lest how as asif asthough than as as notso as as the 比较级 the 比较级 目的状语从句 方式状语从句 比较状语从句 九种常用的状语从句 时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句结果状语从句目的状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句 状语从句有九种 时地原因条状补 目比结果方让步 连词引导各不同 主句通常前面走 连词引导紧随后 从句若在主前头 主从之间有个逗 考点与难点归纳 1 各种从属连词的含义及用法比较 2 nomatterwh 与wh ever引导的从句的区别 3 状语从句的时态问题 4 状语从句倒装及紧缩问题 5 状语从句与其它从句的区别 考点 难点 1 时间状语从句问题1 1 04北京春 Wewereswimminginthelake suddenlythestormstarted A whenB whileC untilD before2 02上海 Hewasabouttotellmethesecret someonepattedhimonthe A asB untilC whileD when3 05上海 Hetransplantedthelittletreetothegarden itwasthebesttimeforit A whereB whenC thatD until4 05福建 DidJackcomebackearlylastnight Yes Itwasnotyeteighto clock hearrivedhome A BeforeB whenC thatD until5 06辽宁 Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismeal afamiliarvoicecametohisears A whyB whereC whenD while A D B B C 问题2 6 06天津 ThecostoflivinginGlasgowisamongthelowestinBritain thequalityoflifeisprobablyoneofthehighest A sinceB whenC asD while7 04年江苏 Iacceptthatheisnotperfect Idoactuallyliketheperson A WhileB SinceC BeforeD Unless 连接词while的用法小结 1 while引导的动作必须是持续性的 侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比 如 Pleasedon ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking 2 while作为并列连词 意为 而 却 表示对比 3 while可表示尽管 相当于although D A 2 条件状语从句问题1 1 TheWTOcannotliveuptoitsname itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind 2000全国 A aslongasB whileC ifD eventhough2 Itisknowntoallthat youexerciseregularly youwon tkeepgoodhealth 05重庆卷 A unlessB wheneverC althoughD if C A unless相当于ifnot 意思是 除非 如果不 就 这也是高考的热点之一 复习时也应给予高度重视 问题2 1 Icansee thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger 04北京春季 A AslongasB AsfarasC JustasD Evenif2 IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctor s Ihavetowait 05全国卷3 A incaseB sothatC inorderD asif B A aslongas与asfaras都可引导条件状语从句 aslongas表示 只要 asfaras表示 就 而论 而言 题1根据题意应该选用B incase表示 以防 根据题2的句意 不难作出选择 3 让步状语从句问题1 1 Iacceptthatheisnotperfect Idoactuallyliketheperson 04江苏 A WhileB SinceC BeforeD Unless2 Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions theyaredifferentfromyourown 05湖南卷 A untilB evenifC unlessD asthough A B while是高考中的高频词 它既可引导时间状语从句 又可引导并列句 还可引导让步状语从句 表示 尽管 evenif等于eventhough 表示 即使 尽管 asthough等于asif 引导方式状语从句 表示 好像 似乎 问题2 1 Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem difficultitwas 05天津卷 A howeverB nomatterC whateverDalthough2 Theoldtowermustbesaved thecost 05浙江 A howeverB whateverC whicheverD wherever A B nomatterwh 与wh ever的联系及区别 nomatterwh 只引导让步状语从句 此时与wh ever通用 如 Nomatterwhen Wheneverhecomesback heshouldbeinvitedtotheparty wh ever又可引导名词性从句 Nomatterwh 不能 如 WhateverIcandoforyouwillbenothingbutpayingadebt Whoevercanhelpuswillbewelcome 4 状语从句的时态问题问题1 1 Thehousecouldfalldownsoonifnoone somequickrepairwork 04全国IV AhasdoneBisdoingCdoesDhaddone2 Itisalmostfiveyears wesaweachotherlasttime 05北京春季 A beforeB sinceC afterD when 在条件 时间和让步从句中 用一般现在时表示一般将来时 用现在完成时表将来完成时 用一般过去时表过去将来时 在since引导的时间状语从句中 动词一般都用一般过去时 而主句常用现在完成时 C B 5 状语从句的倒装问题问题1 1 Sodifficult ittoliveinanEnglish speakingcountrythatIdeterminedtolearnEnglish 01上海 A IhavefeltB haveIfeltC IdidfeelD didIfeel2 Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver howseriousthepollutionwas 95NMET A didthevillagersrealizeB thevillagersrealizedC thevillagersdidrealizeD didn tthevillagersrealize 状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况 否定词开头 so加adj 开头 as though引导的让步状语从句 D A 特别注意 Hardly when Nosooner than Childasheis Hardlyhadhegottothestationwhenthetrainleft Nosoonerhadhegottothestationthanthetrainleft Childasheis hecanspeaksevenforeignlanguages 6 状语从句与并列句的区别问题1 1 Thoughheisinhissixties heworksashardasayoungmanA yetB butC andD andyet2 Excusemeforbreakingin Ihavesomenewsforyou NMET02 A soB andC butD yet 题1是主从复合句 所以中间不能使用并列连词and or but so等 yet是副词 只有yet可以与though连用 题2为并列句 而 Excuse but 为一固定搭配 在复习中需要细心的分析句子结构和成分 A C 对比训练与巩固 heheardthis hegotveryangry 2 ImetLucy Iwaswalkingalongtheriver 3 achild helivedinthecountryside A whenB whileC as 对比训练1 A B C 1 Wewereabouttoleave itbegantorain 2 ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherson infact Iwastalkingaboutmyson 3 HardlyhadIfinishedmycomposition t