《大学英语(2)》考试复习题一参考答案.doc

大学英语（2）考试复习题一本复习题页码标注所用教材为：大学英语（2）戴丽萍2009年1月第1版北京交通大学出版社书如学员使用其他版本教材，请参考相关知识点一阅读：30%( 1 )Every artist knows in his heart that he is saying something to the public. Not only does he want to say it well, but he wants it to be something that has not been said before. He hopes the public will listen and understand what he wants to teach them, and what he wants them to learn from him.What visual artists like painters want to teach is easy to make out but difficult to explain, because painters translate their experience into shapes and colors, not words. They seem to feel that a certain selection of shapes and colors, out of the countless billions possible, is exceptionally interesting for them and worth showing to us. Without their work we should never have noticed these particular shapes and colors, or have felt the delight which they brought to the artist.Most artists take their shapes and colors from the world of nature and from human bodies in motion and at rest; their choices indicate that these aspects of the world are worth looking at, that they contain beautiful sights. Contemporary artists might say that they merely choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern, that there is nothing more in it. Yet even they do not choose entirely without reference to the character of their subjects.If one painter chooses to paint a decaying leg and another a lake in moonlight, each of them is directing our attention to a certain aspect of the world. Each painter is telling us something, showing us something, emphasizing somethingall of which means that, consciously or unconsciously, he is trying to teach us.1. An artist hopes that the public will _. A. understand him and learn from him B. notice only shapes and colors in his work C. teach him something D. believe what he says in his work正确答案：A解析：参见文章第一段。2. It is hard to explain what a painter is saying, because he/ she _. A. does not express himself /herself well B. uses unusual words and phrases C. uses shapes and colors instead of words D. does not say anything clearly正确答案：C解析：参见文章第二段。3. The writer points out that contemporary artists might say their choices of subject _. A. carry a message to the public B. only provide interesting patterns C. have no pattern or form D. teach the public important truths正确答案：B解析：参见文章第三段。4. The writer also points out that contemporary art contains _. A. nothing but meaningless patterns B. uninteresting aspects of the world C. subjects chosen partly for their meanings D. completely meaningless subjects正确答案：A解析：参见文章第三段。5. What is implied in this passage? A. A painting is more easily understood than a symphony. B. Art is merely the arranging of shape and color. C. Every artist tries to say something to the public. D. One must look beyond shape and color to find what the artist is saying.正确答案：D解析：参见文章最后一段。 (2)It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that they are possessive and dominant; that they do not trust their children to deal with crisis; that they talk too much about certain problems and that they have no sense of humor, at least in parent-child relationship.I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they themselves felt when young.Young people often irritate parents with their choices in clothes and hairstyles, in entertainers and music. This is not their motive. They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet accepted. So they create a culture and society of their own. Then, it turns out that their music or entertainers or vocabulary or clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents; this gives them additional enjoyment. They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste.Sometimes you are resistant, and proud because you do not want your parents to approve of what you do. If they did approve, it looks as if you are betraying your own age group. But in that case, you are assuming that you are the underdog(处于劣势者): you cant win but at least you can keep your honor. This is a passive way of looking at things. It is natural enough after long years of childhood, when you were completely under your parents control. But it ignores the fact that you are now beginning to be responsible for yourself.If you plan to control your life, cooperation can be part of that plan. You can impress others, especially your parents, into doing things the way you want. You can impress others with your sense of responsibility and initiative, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do. 6 This passage is primarily meant for_. A. parents B. teenagersC. educatorsD. psychologists 正确答案：B解析：从文章最后两段来看，作者用的you 都是指年轻人，说明文章是为他们写的，因此选项B是正确答案。 7 The first paragraph is mainly about_. A. the teenagers criticism of their parents B. the misunderstandings between teenagers and their parents C. the parentcomplaints about their children D. the dominance of the parents over their children 正确答案：A解析：文章第一段的主题句是“It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them.”，因此选项A是正确答案。 8 Teenagers tend to have strange clothes and hairstyles because they _. A. want to irritate their parents B. have a strong desire to be leaders in style and taste C. have no other way to enjoy themselves better D. want to show their existence by creating a culture of their own 正确答案：D解析：文章第三段中第四句话“So they create a culture and society of their own.”说得正是他们热衷于与众不同的服装和发式的动机。需要注意的是，从第三段最后一句话可以看出选项B不是正确答案，因为这不是主要动机，但很容易被误解为是正确答案。 9 Teenagers do not want their parents to approve of whatever they do because they_. A. have a desire to be independent B. feel that they are superior in a small way to the adults C. are not likely to win over the adults D. have already been accepted into the adult world 正确答案：A解析：根据文章第四段第二、三两句可知，他们不愿被人看成是一个失败者，希望保持自己的地位和尊严，因此选项A是正确答案。 10 To improve parent-child relationships, teenagers are advised to be_. A. obedient B. independent C. responsible D. cooperative 正确答案：D解析：文章最后一段第一句话“If you plan to control your life, cooperation can be part of that plan.”是本段的主旨，因此选项D是正确答案。 (3)The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label: store in the refrigerator.In my fridgeless Fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily. The milkman came daily, the grocer, the butcher, the baker, and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus（剩余的） bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted, and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on, food deliveries have ceased; fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country.The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. A vast way of well-tried techniques already existed natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling .What refrigeration did promote was marketing marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price.Consequently, most of the worlds fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away（不断地嗡嗡作响） continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintain an artificially-cooled space inside and artificially-heated house while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge.The fridges effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you dont believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet（橱柜） and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers, but at least youll get rid of that terrible hum. 11 The statement “In my fridgeless Fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily.” (Para. 2) suggest that_ . A. the author was well-fed and healthy even without a fridge in his fifties B. the author was not accustomed to using fridges even in his fifties C. there was no fridge in the authors home in the 1950s D. the fridge was in its early stage of development in the 1950s 正确答案：C解析：词语释义题。in ones fifties表示“在50年代”，fridgeless一词作形容词，意思是“没有冰箱的”，因此选项C是正确答案。 12 Why does the author say that nothing was wasted before the invention of fridges? A. People would not buy more food than was necessary. B. Food was delivered to people two or three times a week. C. Food was sold fresh and did not get rotten easily. D. People had effective ways to preserve their food. 正确答案：D解析：细节题。在文章第二段中作者说“nothing was wasted”，并在第三段中给出原因“a vast way of well-tried techniques already existed（存在许多被证明有效的方法）”， 所以选项D“人们用各种有效的方法来保存食物”为正确答案。 13 Who benefited the least from fridges according to the author? A. Inventors. B. Consumers. C. Manufacturers. D. Traveling salesmen（巡回推销员）. 正确答案：B解析：推断题。根据常识，冰箱投放市场，发明冰箱的人自然得利；冰箱畅销，生产厂家也获利；厂家雇用一批人为其推销产品，如推销成功，巡回推销员也获利。作者在第三、第五和第六段中依次提到：冰箱的发明对食物保存无多大贡献；每年冬天当外界免费提供所需温度时，消费者却要花大价钱以维持一个人工制冷时间；冰箱对环境的影响是显而易见的，而对人类幸福的贡献却无足轻重，据此可以得出结论消费者从冰箱身上获益最小，因此选项B是正确答案。 14 Which of the following phrases in Para.5 indicates the fridges negative effect on the environment? A. Hum away continuously. B. Climatically almost unnecessary. C. Artificially-cooled space. D. With mild temperatures. 正确答案：A解析：细节题。文章第五段的第一句说的是冰箱销往的国家，意为“世界上大多数冰箱不是用在热带地区，而是在富有的、气候温和的不太需要的地方”；第二句谈的是冰箱的负面效应，意为“每年冬天，上百万的冰箱不断地嗡嗡作响”。由此可见，选项A是正确答案。 15 What is the authors overall attitude toward fridges? A. Neutral. B. Critical. C. Objective. D. Compromising. 正确答案：B解析：作者态度题。分析所给的4个选项, 选项A意为“中立的”，选项B 意为“批评的”，选项C意为“客观的”，选项D意为“折中的”。在第一段，作者提到冰箱被人们看作是必需品；在第二段，作者却提到在没有冰箱的50年代，他也吃得很好，很健康；在第三段，作者认为冰箱只不过是早已存在的储存食品的另一方法；在第四段，作者认为冰箱只是推动了市场营销；在第五段，作者尤其认为冰箱没有太大的用途，在一些气候宜人的国家，冰箱几乎没必要。 因此，我们可以看出作者是带着一种批评的语气来写这篇文章的，即选项B是正确答案。 考核知识点：参见P80-81二、语法与词汇：40%1 The time will come _ man can fly_ he likes in the universe. A. how . whereB. when . whereverC. where . whereD. what . which 正确答案：B解析：第一个空需要选择when来引导定语从句表示时间，一般来讲表示时间的定语从句只用when引导。第二个空需要选择表示地点的关系副词where来引导定语从句。整个句子的意思是：“人类在宇宙中随心所欲自由飞翔的日子终归会到来。” 2 Is this museum _you visited a few days ago? A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one 正确答案：D解析：本题考查判断关系代词和关系副词的区别。此时需要准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状）。本题中所缺的部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能作宾语，只有the one既可作主句的表语，又可作从句的宾语，更重要的是它可以省略关系代词。整个句子的意思是：“这是你几天前参观的那家博物馆吗？” 3 She is waiting for the doctor _ I know will not come. A. whom B. whoC. whichD. that 正确答案：B解析：此句中的关系词身兼两职，既要作定语从句中know的宾语，又要作will not come的主语，所以只能选who。I know在句中作插入语。整个句子的意思是：“我知道她正在等候的那个医生不会来了。” 4 Is this the place _the exhibition was held? A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one 正确答案：A解析：此句中主句的主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语，表示地点，既可用副词where，又可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而在本题中，介词on 用得不对，所以正确答案为A。整个句子的意思是：“这是要举行展览的地方吗。” 5 Who is John Smith? He is the speaker _ heard last week. A. which we would haveB. we would haveC. weD. we had 正确答案：C解析：因为先行词为人，所以这里需要表示人的关系代词，但可以省略。另外，根据表示时态的短语“last week”可以判断时态应该为过去时，所以正确答案为C。整个句子的意思是：“约翰史密斯是谁？他就是上周给我们作演讲的那个人。” 1-5考核知识点：定语从句, 参见P766 I recognized her_I saw her. A. the instant (that) B. afterC. if notD. unless 正确答案：A解析：此句中包含一个时间状语从句，需要用选项A来表示动作的频繁程度，表示“一就”；而选项B、C和D都不能这么使用。这句话的意思是：“我一见到她，就认出来她了。” 7 _the 1500s_the first Europeans explored the coast of California. A. It was not until . whenB. It is until . thatC. It is not until . whenD. It was not until . that 正确答案：D解析：此题考查“It be not until . that”引导的时间状语从句，意为“直到才”。选项A和C中的when不正确，而选项B不是否定形式，所以不正确，故选项D为正确答案。这句话的意思是：“直到十六世纪，欧洲人才第一次发现加利福尼亚海岸。” 8 He was willing to speak to the reporters_ he was not identified. A. on condition thatB. in caseC. suppose thatD. for fear that 正确答案：A解析：此句为条件状语从句，所以只有选项A和C符合题意，但因为选项C中suppose也可作为整句话的谓语动词，与前面的be相冲突，所以不正确。这句话的意思是：“在不被认出来的条件下，他愿意和记者谈谈。” 9 _he works hard, I dont mind when he finishes the experiment. A. As soon asB. As well asC. So far asD. So long as 正确答案：D解析：本题的选项D为引导条件状语从句的连接词，而选项A、B和C都不符合句子的意思。这句话的意思是：“只要他努力，我不在意他什么时候能完成实验。” 10 Well visit Europe next year _we have enough money. A. providedB. unlessC. untilD. lest 正确答案：A解析：此句为条件状语从句，选项B意为“除非”，选项C意为“直到”，选项D意为“以免”，都不符合句子的意思，只有provided符合句意，在此处表示“条件是”的意思。这句话的意思是：“如果我们有足够的钱，明年就去欧洲旅游。” 6-10考核知识点：状语从句, 参见P111 11 The reason were so late is _. A. for the car breaks downB. due to the car breaking downC. that the car broke downD. because the car broke down 正确答案：C解析：本句是典型的由连词that引导的表语从句，选项A、B、D都是状语从句，不能直接加在be动词之后，故均可排除。句子的意思是：“我们来晚的原因是车抛锚了。” 12 Do _you are told; otherwise you will be punished. A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whom 正确答案：B解析：that在其引导的宾语从句中不作成分，只起连接作用；而which和whom虽然都是连接代词，可是用在句子中意思不正确，只有what用在句子中意思正确。句子的意思是：“按照别人告诉你的那样做，否则你将受到惩罚。” 13 This is _ I want to tell you. A. it B. thatC. whichD. what 正确答案：D解析：这是一个表语从句，句子中缺少一个作tell宾语的连接词，因此只能选择what。句子的意思是：“这就是我想要告诉你的。” 14 Students in his class cannot understand _. A. what does the sentence meanB. what means this sentenceC. what this sentence meansD. what is the meaning of the sentence 正确答案：C解析：疑问句作宾语从句时语序应该使用陈述句的语序，其他选项都不是陈述句语序，故正确答案为C。句子的意思是：“班里的同学们不理解这句话的意思是什么。” 15 We dont doubt _ he can make a good job of it. A. ifB. thatC. whatD. why 正确答案：B解析：及物动词doubt后面缺少一个宾语，由于宾语部分已经完整，这里只需要连接词that起连接作用，而且在句子里不充当任何成分。句子的意思是：“我们不怀疑他能做得很好。” 11-15考核知识点：名词性从句, 参见P23-24 16 The young driver looked over the engine carefully lest it_on the way. A. goes wrongB. should go wrongC. went wrongD. would go wrong 正确答案：B解析：此句是状语从句型虚拟语气的类型之一，以lest（唯恐），in case（万一），for fear that（生怕，以免）引导的目的状语从句，其虚拟语气的谓语动词形式为“may/might/can/could/should +动词原形”，因此正确答案为B。句子的意思是：“年轻的司机仔细检查了引擎，唯恐在途中出现故障。” 17 Its already 5 oclock now. Dont you think its about time_? A. we are going home B. we go homeC. we went homeD. we can go home 正确答案：C解析：此句是特殊型虚拟语气中的it is time 型，即“It is（high，about）time that .”句型。这一句型要求用虚拟语气，表示“早该做还未做”的意思，其从句的谓语动词用过去时的形式，be为单数时多用was，that可省略，因此正确答案为C。句子的意思是：“已经5点了，难道你不认为是该回家的时间了吗？” 18 Id rather you_make any comment on the issue for the time being. A. dontB. wouldntC. shouldntD. didnt 正确答案：D解析：此句是特殊型虚拟语气中的would rather 型，指在would（had）rather，would（just）as soon，had better，would sooner后所接的that 从句中谓语动词要用过去时，表示当时或将来的虚拟情况，可译作“宁愿”，因此正确答案为D。句子的意思是：“我宁愿你没有对目前的事件做任何的评论。” 19 We didnt know his telephone number, otherwise we_him. A. would have telephonedB. must have telephonedC. would telephoneD. had telephoned 正确答案：A解析：此句是含蓄型虚拟语气，即if 条件句不出现，而用某些词或短语表示虚拟条件（主句不变），或靠上下文的衬托来表示虚拟条件的形式，通常由without，but for（要不是），were it not for（要是没有）引导的短语和otherwise，or（否则）作为标志，其主句的谓语动词形式与普通型虚拟语气相同，因此正确答案为A。句子的意思是：“我们不知道他的电话号码，否则我们就给他打电话了。” 20 _,we will set off as we planned. A. Were it good or badB. Be it good or badC. Being good or bad D. Whether good or bad 正确答案：B解析：此句是让步型虚拟语气，即表示假设情况的让步状语从句中的虚拟语气，具体句型为“be it good or bad”。这是倒装省略结构，补全省略部分应为“whether it is good or bad .”。这种结构倒装时要把系动词提前，并把is还原为原形形式be表示虚拟，省略whether，因此正确答案为B。句子的意思是：“无论是好是坏，我们都将按照计划出发。” 16-20考核知识点：虚拟语气, 参见P143三、交际用语(此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对