Titleandauthorship

Medical English Writing,研究论文 (Research Paper),The Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals (retrieved from /)标题（Title）作者（Author information）摘要与关键词（Abstract and Key Words）引言（Introduction）方法（Methods）结果（Results）讨论（Discussion ）致谢（Acknowledgements）参考文献（References） (Example on P1),Title Writing,Brief (in 1 line or 2 lines with its subtitle)Noticeable (key words in the title)InformativeImportant word first,标题的常见格式,X = independent variableY =dependent variableZ = species or population and material,Title of result papers,1. Effect of X on Y in ZEffect of -Endorphin on Breathing Movement in Fetal sheep Effect of Membrane Splitting on Transmembrane PolypeptidesEffect of Esmolol on Airway Function in Patients Who Have Asthma,2. Y in ZBlood Supply of the Lymph Node in Sheep3. With more informationMicrovascular Pressures Measured by Micropuncture in Lungs of Newborn Rabbits,Title of methods papers, for doing in Endotracheal Flowmeter for Measuring Tidal Volume and Airway Pressure in NewbornsNoninvasive Method for Monitoring Blood Gases in the Newborn,标题的结构,胃切除后的回流与回流病Reflux and reflux disease following gastric resection 原发性肝癌二级预防的随机分组前瞻性研究Randomized controlled prospective study of secondary prevention for primary liver cancer 糖尿病的护理与预后Diabetes care and patient-oriented outcomes何杰金病放射治疗引起的甲状腺癌Thyroid carcinoma induced by irradiation for Hodgkins disease,控制直肠癌探讨Controlling rectal cancer (动名词短语)原发性肝癌临床诊断探讨On clinical diagnosis of primary carcinoma of liver长期腹痛是外科症状还是精神症状？Chronic abdominal pain：A surgical or psychiatric symptom?,副标题,突出病例数带模支架腔内搭桥治疗动脉瘤六例报告Endoluminal Stent-graft for aortic aneurysms: A report of 6 cases,突出研究重点大动脉炎胸部X线表现及其临床意义Aorto-arteritis: Chest X-ray appearance and its clinical significance糖尿病：新的诊断标准Diabetes mellitus: New diagnostic criteria,突出研究方法肝素疗法前瞻性随机研究Heparin therapy: A randomized prospective study传染性肝炎继发糖尿病患者随访调查Diabetes after infectious hepatitis: A follow-up study胆结石梗阻回顾性研究Gallstone ileus: A retrospective study,表示长篇连载论文各分篇的主题人类血清的理化研究：. 29例肾炎患者的研究Physical and chemical studies of human blood serum: . A study of 29 cases of nephritis人类血清的理化研究：. 多种病例的研究Physical and chemical studies of human blood serum: . A study of miscellaneous disease conditions,说明研究时间中国烧伤护理综合研究：20072012A collaborative study of burn nursing in China: 2007-2012曲张静脉内镜硬化疗法：一年临床经验研究Endoscopic variceal sclerosis: One year clinical experience,标题中的缩略词和数字,标题中应使用公认的缩略词语、代号、符号、公式等。例如：DNA（脱氧核糖核酸）AIDS（艾滋病）HBsAg对非公认的缩略词语，可先用全称，然后将缩略词语放在其后的括号内，如丙型肝炎病毒：hepatitis C virus (HCV)标题中的数字应用阿拉伯数字。,标题的书写格式,(1)Sentence style (仅首词的第一个字母大写)输血后肝炎60例报告Posttransfusion hepatitis: A report of 60 cases(2) Title style (每个词的第一个字母大写)恶性高血压与吸烟Malignant Hypertension and Cigarette Smoking,带连字符的复合词,带前缀成分的词, 后一部分不大写Intra-arterial Embolism Vaso-occlusive Disease由两个单词构成，若已融为常见词，后一部分不大写Full-term babies High-fiber Diets Follow-up Studies,临时组合词：Drug-Resistant Disease, T-Cell Receptors, B-Cell Lymphoma小写体希腊字母后的非希腊词首字母大写Effectiveness of Various -Blockers in Migraine,标题中冠词的用法,(1) 标题首可省略冠词。如：革兰氏阴性杆菌休克的治疗Treatment of gram-negative shock (2) 疾病名称、复数名词前一般不用冠词。如：肛管癌Carcinoma of the anal canal,标题中的常见表达 （P17）,探讨：discussion of/on, an approach to, a probe into, investigation of, evaluation of/on，如：心源性猝死51例临床病理探讨Sudden cardiac death: Clinicopathologic investigation of 51 cases苯对白细胞毒性作用探讨Toxic effect of benzene on leucocytes,观察an observation / observations of /on /in，如：过敏性鼻炎342例脱敏疗效观察报告Clinical observation on 342 cases with allergic rhinitis 窒息后多器官功能受损新生儿细胞内外钙水平观察Levels of plasma calcium and red cell calcium in newborns with multi-organ damage after asphyxia,调查：survey of /on , 如：慢性肾功能衰竭的甲状旁腺切除疗法38例调查Parathyroidectomy in chronic renal failure: Survey of 38 cases体会,经验：experience in / with， 如：治疗革兰氏阴性杆菌血症的新体会Recent experience with bacillemia due to gram-negative organisms,总结： experience ( of )， 如：小儿心肌炎8年临床经验总结Myocarditis among children: An eight year clinical experience35例恶性高血压治疗总结Treatment for malignant hypertension: An experience of 35 cases 问题：problem of, aspect on , 如：甲状腺机能亢进手术治疗的几个问题Certain problems of the surgical treatment of hyperparathyroidism,研究：study / studies (of / on / in) ，如：10例Wilson病临床与病理研究Wilsons disease: A clinical and pathological study of 10 cases 心脏病患者血小板功能的研究Platelet function studies in heart disease 报告：a report of /on ，如：青少年桡骨远端骨骺损伤附51例报告Distal epiphysis injury of radius in adolescence: A report of 51 cases,(药物)治疗：A治疗B（A=药物名称，B=病名），A in the treatment/ management of B, treatment of B with A, Use of A in the treatment of B, A therapy / treatment of B, A in/ for B，如：可乐亭治疗高血压Clonidine in the treatment of hypertension 皮质激素治疗败血性休克Use of steroid in the treatment of clinical septic shockP-磷酸钠治疗转移性癌肿P-sodium phosphate in metastatic malignant disease,（非药物）治疗：A治疗B（A=治疗方法，B=病名），A for / in B, A in the treatment of B, treatment of B by A, 如：甲状旁腺切除治疗慢性肾功能衰竭Parathyroidectomy for chronic renal failure左心室部分切除术治疗晚期原发性扩张性心肌病Partial left ventriculectomy in the treatment of end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy血透析治疗牛皮癣Treatment of psoriasis by hemodialysis,诊断：A诊断B（A=诊断方法，B=病名），A in the diagnosis of B, Assay/Detection of A in B, Diagnosis of B by/with A, Detection of B by A, Application of A to the diagnosis of B，如：胆石症超声诊断Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of gallstones 静脉造影术诊断门诊患者的深静血栓形成Diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis in the outpatient by venography,作者署名,作者的英文署名按国务院规定的汉语拼音拼写，姓和名分开写，而双姓（如司马、欧阳）和双名不分开写，姓和名的首字母都大写。例如：Li Shizhen（李时珍）Zhang Jian （张建）Sima Guang（司马光）Ouyang Jingping （欧阳静萍）等。若两字拼音连写处出现元音字毋a、o、e 开头的音节，用隔音符号“”隔开。如Gao Changan（高长安）,工作单位,