英语语法-定语从句.ppt

定语从句 1 Heisanhonestboy 2 Weloveourcountry 3 What syourtelephonenumber 4 Thebookonthetableismine 5 TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada attribute 定语 作用 修饰 限定 位置 单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面 Wevisitedthefactorywhichmakestoysforchildren Mostmanagerswhoarepresentatthemeetingagreedtotheplan Thestudentyouwanttoseehascome TheletterthatIreceivedyesterdaywasfrommyfather In1998 hereturnedtothesmalltownwherehegrewup IstillrememberthedaywhenImethimforthefirsttime Thereasonwhyhemissedthespeechwasthathedidn tcatchthebus LookandSee TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolisfromCanada 先行词 关系词 1 引导定语从句 whovisitedourschool 2 在从句中作一成份 主语 3 代替先行词 theforeigner 在从句中的位置 在复合句中 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句 TheAttributiveClause 拆分成两个句子 定语从句 由一个句子充当定语 从句的位置 在名词或代词后 先行词 引导定语从句的词关系代词 who whom whose which that 关系副词 when where why 被定语从句修饰的词 作用 1 引导定语从句 2 在从句中作一成份 3 代替先行词在从句中的位置 关系词 关系代词先行词指人 作主语 who that作宾语 who that whom作定语 whose先行词指物 作主语 which that作宾语 which that作定语 whose 讲义讲解 关系代词作宾语时可省略 1 Thewoman livesnextdoorisateacher 5 Thenurse looksaftermysisteriskind 3 Kevinisreadingabook istoodifficultforhim 8 Ihaveafriend likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic 4 Manypeople sawthefilmwereafraidtoswiminthesea 9 Itisaboutabigwhiteshark attacksswimmers 2 Yesterdayshetalkedwithonewoman husbanddiedinthataccident 7 Thehouseismine roofisbrown 6 Haveyouseenmybook coverisred who that whose which that who that who that whose whose 10 Theman youmetjustnowismyteacher 11 Thisisthepen heboughtyesterday who whom that which that who that which that 连句步骤 EX1 讲义 注意事项 A 只用that不用which的情况 一 当先行词被形容词最高级 序数词包括thelast等所修饰时 1 ThebiggestbirdthatIcaughtisthisbird2 ThisisthefirstbookthatIboughtmyself 二 先行词为all much little something nothing everything anything等不定代词 1 Doyouhaveanythingthatisimportanttotellme 2 That sallthatIwanttosay 三 当先行词既有人又有物时 1 Iwon tforgetthethingsandthepersonsthatIsaw 2 Hetalkedabouttheschoolandtheteachersthathehadvisited 四 当先行词被all any no not little few every each thevery theonly等修饰时 1 Ihavereadallthebooksthatyougaveme 2 Ihavesomebooksthatareverygood 3 ThisistheverybookthatIlostyesterday 五 主句是who which引导的特殊问句时 1 Whoistheboythatwasherejustnow 2 Whichisthebookthatyourfatherboughtyou 六 关系代词在从句中作表语时 Thevillageisnolongerthepoorplacethatitusedtobe C 先行词受such thesame修饰时关系词常用as I veneverheardsuchstories hetells Thisisthesamedictionary Ilostlastweek D 以theway为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由inwhich或that引导 而且通常可以省略Theway heansweredthequestionswassurprising 当先行词为one ones anyone those he等人称代词时 B 指人时用who不用that的情况 He doesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman Those haveanydifficultywithpronunciationshouldpractisemore 以 方式 who who as as that inwhich Fillintheblankswithsuitablerelativepronouns 1 Thisistheonlybook Igotlastyear 2 Thisisthelargestanimal Tomsawinthezoo 3 Rosestillremembersthetreesandteachers exist 存在 inthemotherschool 4 Allthedesks areboughtlookreallywonderful 5 Thisisthesecondwatch myfatherboughtforme that that that that that Exercises All weneedistobesuppliedwithfoodandclothing A whatB thatC whichD whom2 Theman talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer A whoB whoseC whichD what 3 Canyoutellmethenameofthefactory youvisitedlastweek A whatB inwhereC D when4 Idon tliketheway youspeaktoher A thatB inthatC whoD whose 5 Themostimportantthing weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing Ihavesaid A which thatB that whichC which whichD that that6 Shespentthewholeeveningtalkingaboutthethingsandpersons noneofushaseverheardof A whichB whoC whomD that 7 Whoistheperson istalkingabouttheaccident happenedonHighway104 A which whichB who whatC that thatD what what 1 Thisisall Iknowaboutthematter A thatB whatC whoD whether2 Isthereanythingelse yourequire A whichB thatC whoD what3 Thelastplace wevisitedwastheGreatWall A whichB thatC whereD it4 Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks interestedhimgreatlyintheschool A whichB thatC itD whom5 Thereisnodictionary youcanfindeverything A thatB whichC whereD inthat6 Thisisoneofthebestbooks A thathaveeverbeenwrittenC thathaswrittenB thathaseverbeenwrittenD thathavewritten B B B C A A 7 Hewrotealettertome tellingmeeverything hesawonthewaytotheParis A whatB thatC whichD where8 Isoxygentheonlygas helpsfireburn A thatB C whichD it9 Isthereanything toyou A thatisbelongedB thatbelongsC whichbelongsD thatbelong10 Thescientistandhisachievements youtoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall A whichB thatC whoD whose11 Whichofthebooks wereborrowedfromhimisthebest A whichB whatC thatD whose B A B B C 二 由关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词有when where why 在从句中担任状语 1 when的用法when指时间 修饰表示时间的先行词 在定语从句中做状语 相当于at in onwhich 如 October1 1949isthedaywhen onwhich thePeople sRepublicofChinawasfounded Ishallneverforgetthetimewhen duringwhich weworkedonthefarm Doyouremembertheafternoonwhen onwhich wefirstmetthreeyearsago 2 where的用法where指地点 修饰表示地点的先行词 在定语从句中作地点状语 相当于in on atwhich 如 Thisistheplacewhere at inwhich wefirstmet Thehotelwhere inwhich westayedwasn tveryclean I dliketoliveinacountrywhere inwhich thereisplentyofsunshine 3 why的用法why指原因 修饰名词reason 在定语从句中作原因状语 相当于forwhich Ididn tgetapayrise butthiswasn tthereasonwhy forwhich Ileft Thereasonwhy forwhich hewaslatewasthathemissedhistrain Idon tknowthereasonwhy forwhich yougotsoangrywithme 1 AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown hegrewupasachild A whichB whenC thatD where 2 Pleasetakeanyseat isfree A whichB whereC inwhichD that 3 Myhomevillageisnolongerthesame itusedtobe A whichB asC whereD when 4 Theboy compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup A whoB whoseC thatD which 5 Idon tliketheway youspeaktoher A B thatC inwhichD AllA B andC 6 Suchabook youshowedmeisdifficulttounderstand A thatB whichC asD like 7 Thespeakerspokeofsomewritersandsomebooks werepopularthen A B thatC whichD who 8 Thisisthestore wevisitedthefamousshopassistants A whereB thereC thatD which 9 Ifashophaschairs womencanparktheirmen womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop A thatB whichC whenD where 10 Whydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelp Thereisnooneelse isthere A whototurntoB shecanturntoC forwhomtoturnD forhertoturn 11 Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar awayvillage A untilB whichC whenD where 12 He sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane A whereB whichC whileD why 13 Isthatthesmalltown youoftenreferto Right justtheone youknowIusedtoworkforyears A that thatB which whichC whereD what which that 三 介词提前的定语从句常常由 介词 which whom whose 引出 Theschool heoncestudiedisveryfamous Theschool heoncestudiedinisveryfamous TomorrowI llbringherethemagazine youaskedfor TomorrowI llbringherethemagazine youasked Thisistheboy Iplayedtenniswithyesterday Thisistheboy Iplayedtennisyesterday inwhich which that forwhich whom who that withwhom Themanager companyIworkinpaysmuchattentiontoimprovingourworkingconditions Themanager companyIworkpaysmuchattentiontoimprovingourworkingconditions whose inwhose Thisistheclassroom westudiedinlastyear Thisistheclassroom westudiedlastyear Thisistheclassroom westudiedlastyear inwhich that which where Iwillneverforgettheday mydaughterwasbornon Iwillneverforgettheday mydaughterwasborn Iwillneverforgettheday mydaughterwasbornon which that onwhich when 注意 1 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开 介词仍放在短语动词的后面 如 lookfor lookafter takecareof等 2 介词 关系代词 前还可有some any none all both neither many most each few等代词或者数词 Heloveshisparentsdeeply bothofwhomareverykindtohim Thereare50studentsinourclass two thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing 介词的选定1 依据定语从句中短语的习惯搭配 Whoisthegirlwithwhomyoujustshookhands Whoisthegirl that who whom youjustshookhandswith shakehandswithsb 2 介词常受先行词的制约 介词和先行词的搭配 Hebuiltatelescopethroughwhichhecouldstudythesky throughwhich即throughthetelescope 3 the 名词 of 关系代词 which whom 结构中的名词和后面的关系代词有所属关系 whose n ThisisthebookthecoverofwhichisdesignedbyMr Jones Thisisthebook whosecoverisdesignedbyMr Jones Thisisthebook ofwhichthecoverisdesignedbyMr Jones Canyouworkthemout Fillintheblankswithproperprepositions 1 Thesungivesusheatandlight whichwecan tlive 2 Thestudent whomweweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass 3 I llneverforgettheday whichshesaidgood byetome 4 Whocangivemethereason whichhehasn tturnedupyet for about on without 1 Doyouknowwholivesinthebuilding thereisawell A infrontofitB infrontofwhoseC infrontofwhichD infrontwhich2 I llneverforgettheday IjoinedtheLeague A onwhichB inwhichC whichD atwhich3 Thewoman mybrotherspokejustnowismyteacher A whoB towhomC towhoD whom4 Jeannewasheroldfriend sheborrowedanecklace A fromwhoB fromwhomC tothatD towhom5 Hisglasses hewaslikeablindman felltothegroundandbrokeitsleg A whichB withwhichC withoutwhichD that C A B B C 6 Sheisateacherofmuchknowledge muchcanbelearned A whoB thatC fromwhichD fromwhom7 Hebuiltatelescope hecouldstudytheskies A inwhichB withthatC throughwhichD byit8 Doyouknowthereason hewaslate A thatB whichC forwhatD forwhich9 Ihaveboughttwoballpens writeswell A noneofwhichB neitherofwhichC noneofthemD neitherofthem10 TheSecondWorldWar millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945 A duringwhichB inthatC whereD onwhich D C D B A 11 Chinahasmanyrivers theChangjiangRiveristhelongest A whichB inwhichC amongwhichD oneofwhich12 Thisistheveryknife Iusedtocutapplesyesterday A thatB bywhichC whichD withwhich13 Thespeed whichyoudriveyourcarmustn tbetoohigh 14 Intheparktherearemanyflowers thecolours whicharebrightandnice 15 Thelittlegirlisreadingabook whichtherearemanypictures 16 Whatwerethethings whichhewasnottoosure C D at of in about 17 Theyheldameeting whichthehospitaldirectormadeaspeech 18 Thebook whichhepaid6yuan isworthreading 19 Isthistheman whosehousethepolicefoundthelostcolouredTV 20 Thevillagersdugalongtunnel whichtheycouldgotothefieldswithoutbeingfoundbytheJapanesesoldiers 21 WuDong wh