已阅读5页，还剩51页未读， 继续免费阅读
版权说明：本文档由用户提供并上传，收益归属内容提供方，若内容存在侵权，请进行举报或认领
文档简介
2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 1 Sessiono2 IntroductiontoLogistics Whatislogistics LogisticselementsUnderstandinglogisticscostsLogisticsperformancemeasurementLogisticsintegration 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 2 Whatislogistics Inreality peoplebuyproductsforarangeoffactorsapartfromtheirtangiblequalitieslogisticsisaboutensuringthatthefactorswhichinfluencecustomers choicearedeliveredcosteffectivelyandinaccordancewithcustomers expectations 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 3 LogisticsDefined theprocessofstrategicallymanagingtheacquisition movementandstorageofmaterials partsandfinishedinventory andrelatedinformationflows throughanorganizationanditsmarketingchannelstofulfillordersmostcosteffectively Source Gattorna J L 1990 HandbookofLogisticsandDistributionManagement 4thed page5 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 4 TheInterfaceofLogistics Itisdifficulttovisualizeaccomplishinganymarketing manufacturing orinternationalcommercewithoutlogistics Whenconsumerspurchasegoods ataretailstore overthetelephone orviatheinternet thyexpectproductdeliverywillbeperformedaspromised Infact theirexpectationisfortimely error freelogisticseverytimetheyorder Production Marketing Finance Logistics 1 2 3 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 5 LogisticsMission 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 6 OperatinginaTurbulentEnvironment Deregulationhasloosenedcontrolsinanumberofareas bothlocallyandinternationallyProductchangesareoccurringmorefrequentlyandtherearemoreproductsonofferTechnologyisevolvingatanincreasinglypaceCustomersarebecomingfarmoredemandingoftheirsuppliers 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 7 OnCopingwithTurbulentTime Theonecertaintyaboutthetimesaheadisthattheywillbeturbulenttimes andinturbulenttimesthefirsttaskofmanagementistomakesureoftheinstitution scapacityforsurvival tomakesureofitscapacitytosurviveablow toadapttosuddenchange andtoavailitselfofnewopportunities Source PeterDrucker ManaginginTurbulentTimes 1980 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 8 LogisticsChallenges Logisticsisconcernedwiththeinter relationshipofallfactorswhichaffecttheflowofinformationandproductsnecessarytofulfillordersThisflowstartswhenacustomerdecidestoplaceanorderandendswhentheorderisdeliveredtothecustomerandthecustomerhaspaidfortheproductsreceived 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 9 TheScopeofLogistics 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 10 LogisticsElements InventoryFacilitiesCommunicationsUnitizationTransportMaterialsManagementProductionScheduling 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 11 Inventory Stockholdingiscentraltoeffectivelogisticsmanagement Keyissuesinclude howmuchinventoryshouldbeheldwhereshoulditbeheldinwhatquantitiesshoulditbeheldhowfrequentlyshoulditbereplenished 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 12 Inventory Inventorydirectlyimpactsanorganization scustomerserviceanditsworkingcapital 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 13 Facilities Facilitiesarerequiredtoholdstock Questionsare howmanyfacilitiesdoweneedwheredowelocatethemhowlargeshouldtheybeshouldtheybemechanisedorautomatedandtowhatdegree 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 14 Communication Moderncommunicationsandcomputertechnologycanprovideuswithinventoryvisibilitybacktooursuppliersandforwardtoourretailcustomers outlets Inthiswayinformationcanbesubstitutedforinventory 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 15 Unitization UnitizationreferstothepackagesinwhichproductsareoriginallypackedandthemeansbywhichthosepackagesareassembledintounitloadsUnitizationandcontainerizationhaverevolutionizedthewayinwhichproductsarestoredandtransported 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 16 Transport Transportdecisionsinvolve whatmodeoftransportshouldweuseshouldweownorhireourtransportfleethowfrequentlyshouldwedelivertodifferentcustomergroupshowshoulddeliveriesbescheduled 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 17 MaterialManagement Itisnotpossibletoconsistentlymanufactureproductstoanappropriatestandardwithouteffectivecoordinationandcontrolofamanufacturer spurchasingfunctionandtheinboundmovementofrawmaterials componentsandpackagingmaterials 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 18 ProductionScheduling Theconceptof Just in Time wouldnotbepossibleifmanufacturingenterpriseswerenotcapableofmanagingproductiveresourcesinaneffectiveyetresponsivemanner Asinventorylevelsshrink thisbecomesevenmoreimportant Theconceptof Just in Time wouldnotbepossibleifmanufacturingenterpriseswerenotcapableofmanagingproductiveresourcesinaneffectiveyetresponsivemanner Asinventorylevelsshrink thisbecomesevenmoreimportant 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 19 UnderstandingLogisticsCosts Alltoofrequently logisticscostsaresummarizedintheenterprise sProfit LossStatementundertwoorthreeheadings typically warehousingdistributionBeforewecanachievetheobjectivestatedabove weneedtounderstandtheelementsthatcomprisethelogisticscostswithinourenterprise 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 20 LogisticsCostsComposition InventoryholdingcostsWarehousingcostsOrderprocessingcostsTransportationcosts bothinboundandoutbound domesticandinternationalCostsoffundsemployed logisticsinfrastructure Communicationsanddataprocessingcosts tonamebutafew 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 21 Withinabroadrangeofdistributionchannelalternativesweneedtodecidewhichchannelsaremostappropriatetoservicedifferentsegments positioning 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 22 Sinceitmaynotbeappropriatetoserviceallpossiblesegments wemustdecidewhichsegmentstotarget Segmentationrevealsthedegreeofheterogeneityinamarket whichleavesthreebroadchoicesofresponse undifferentiatedmarketingdifferentiatedmarketingconcentratedorfocusedmarketingSource Kotler etal 1980 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 23 Targetsegmentsanddesiredmarketresponsewillinfluencechoiceofchannels Sinceitmaynotbeappropriatetoserviceallpossiblesegments wemustdecidewhichsegmentstotarget 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 24 Wecan tbesurethatsegmentswillonlydealwithonechannel butitisimportanttobeablemeasurevolumeofsalesandassociatedcostsforeach 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 25 LogisticsPerformanceMeasurement PeterDruckerremindsusofthedifferencebetweenefficiencyandeffectiveness statingthat efficiencyisallaboutdoingthingsright whilsteffectivenessisallaboutdoingtherightthings 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 26 LogisticsPerformanceMeasurement Soweneedtoensurethatthethingswedoaretherightthings ietheyaddvalue thendothemefficiently 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 27 LogisticsMeasuresCategories PriceperformanceCosteffectivenessQualityTime delivery responsivenessTechnology InnovationPhysicalenvironmentandsafetyAssetandintegratedsupplychainmanagementAdministrationandefficiencyGovernment SocialInternalcustomersatisfaction 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 28 TheMeasurementDilemma Whatyoucan tmeasureyoucan tcontrolifwewanttocontrolthequalityoftheserviceweprovide wemustmeasurethatqualityasseenfromthecustomer sperspectivePeopleperforminlinewithwhatgetsinspectedratherthanwhatisexpectedofthemtheremustbecongruencybetweenhowweexpectourpeopletoperform dutystatements etc andwhatweinspect performancemeasures 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 29 ThePrinciplesofMeasurements LetyourcustomerssaywhatcountsDevelopanumberofcomplementarymeasuresintoasystemthatbalancesprocess productandsatisfactionmeasures 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 30 ThePrinciplesofMeasurements Makethemeasurementsystemmatter ensurethatachievementofthebalancedsystemofmeasuresisadequatelyreflectedintheenterprise scompensationsystem bothpsychicandmonetary 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 31 Supply sideLogistics StrategicsourcingdecisionsPotentialsupplierassessmentandselectionProcurementandpurchasingactivitiesSupplierperformance inboundlogisticsLogisticsassetutilizationandperformance 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 32 Demand sideLogistics OrderacquisitionandprocessingOrderpickingandassemblyOrderdispatchanddeliveryOrdercompletenessandconditionWarehouseproductivityandperformanceCarrierproductivityandperformanceLogisticsassetutilizationandperformance 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 33 PerformanceMeasures YesorNo Measuresofperformanceareessentiallyguidelinesthattellushowwearegoingagainststandardsthatweset Thecriticalthingthenistoknow Whatshouldbemeasured Whatstandardsshouldweuse 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 34 PerformanceMeasurescontd Essentiallytherearethreeareaswhereapositivebenefitcanbegainedfromperformancemeasures theseare Inputstothelogisticssystem Thelogisticsprocessitself andOutputsfromthelogisticssystem 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 35 KeyAreasforMeasurement Inplanningaperformancemeasurementsystem weneedtodecide Whatmeasurementstrulyprovideanindicationofthesystemsoperationalperformance Howcanthedatabegatheredtoensureitistimely accurateandrepresentativeoftheactivityintheareawewishtomonitor Whatotherdataneedstobecapturedtoenablemeaningfulanalysisofvariationoutsideacceptablestandardstobeconducted 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 36 SettingStandards InitiallyderivedfromthemarketplacebymeansofcustomerserviceauditMatchedagainstinternalobjectivesforcongruencyPeriodicallyreviewedtoensuretheycontinuetoreflectmarketdemand 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 37 KeyCustomerServiceVariables Ordercycletime bycomponentFillrate percentageorderedversusdelivered Orderconsistency varianceindeliverytime ResponsecapabilitytocustomerenquiriesAbilitytoadjustorderquantitiesAbilitytochangerequesteddeliverydatesAbilitytointeractwithproductionschedulesAbilitytosubstituteorback orderlineitems 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 38 KeyLogisticsEfficiencyVariables Logisticsefficiency costs relatedtofunctionalactivitiessuchas transportationwarehousinginventorymanagementproductionplanningandschedulingorderprocessing 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 39 KeyAssetUtilizationVariables Typicallythesewouldinclude inventoryperformancebySKU productgroupandinaggregatewarehousingperformanceincludingMHEutilizationdeliveryfleetperformancewhethercompanyownedorthirdparty 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 40 DevelopingtheMonitoringSystem Asystematicprocedureto IdentifyallimportantlogisticscostcategoriesInstitutesystemsandproceduresforthecollectionofcostandutilisationefficiencydataPrepareasetofusefulratiosandmeasuresbywhichlogisticsperformancecanbeevaluatedSetupamechanismforregularpresentationofstatusreports 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 41 InterpretingResults UnderstandwhatisbeingmeasuredUnderstandimpactofvarianceonenterpriseanditscustomersSnapshotmeasurementscanbemisleadingDynamicmeasurementsindicatetrendsAllsystemswillhavevariation itistheamplitudeofthevariationwemustcontrol 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 42 OperationalPerformance Operationalperformancedealswiththetimerequiredtodeliveracustomer sorder Itinvolvesdeliveryspeedandconsistency Fastdeliveryisoflimitedvalueifinconsistentfromoneordertothenext Firmestypicallyfocusondeliveryconsistencyfirstandthenseektoimprovedeliveryspeed Source DonaldJ Bowersox DavidJ Closs M BixbyCooper SupplyChainLogisticsManagement 2e 2007 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 43 LogisticsViewedasaSystem logisticsactivitiescrosstraditionalfunctionalboundarieswithinorganizationstoachieveoptimaloveralloutcomes itmaybenecessaryforsomefunctionalareastooperatesub optimally 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 44 LogisticsViewedasaSystem Byviewinglogisticsasatotalsystemitispossibletoensurethebestpossibleoutcomeforboththeorganizationanditscustomers 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 45 ManagingLogisticsSystemPerformance 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 46 TheObjectivesofaLogisticsSystem Thefundamentalobjectiveofanylogisticssystemmustbetoprovidethenecessarylevelsofcustomerservice soastomaintainandexpandprofitablebusiness attheminimumtotalcostcompatiblewithsuchservicelevels 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 47 MeasuringLogisticsSystems Ifitcan tbemeasured itcan tbecontrolledIdentifyelementswhichcomprisethelogisticssystemIdentifycostsassociatedwitheachelementandhowthosecostsimpactupontotalprofitabilityIdentifytypeandvolumeofactivityassociatedwitheachelementandtheirimpactonproductivityIdentifypointswithineachelementwhereperformancecanbemeaningfulmeasured 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 48 DevelopingaPerformanceMeasurementandEvaluationSystem DeterminewhichperformancecategoriestomeasureDevelopspecificperformancemeasuresEstablishperformanceobjectivesforeachmeasureFinalizesystemdetailsImplementandreviewsystemperformanceandmeasures 2020 3 26 SchoolofLogistics SouthwestJiaotongUniversity 49 Summary Theemphasisofanyperformancemeasurementsystemshouldbeonuseful thatisactionable informationgathering Beforecollectingdata weshouldbeabletoanswerthequestions Whyarethedatauseful and Whatpositiveactionsdoweforeseebeingtakenasaresult 2020
温馨提示
- 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明，都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
- 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等，如果需要附件，请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
- 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸，网页内容里面会有图纸预览，若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
- 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间，仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理，对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑，并不能对任何下载内容负责。
- 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容，请与我们联系，我们立即纠正。
- 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
最新文档
- GB/T 31595-2025安全与韧性业务连续性管理体系GB/T 30146使用指南
- 2025解除合同公函示范文
- 刀口愈合护理方法
- 贫血常见症状及护理指导手册
- 2025版急性肾小管坏死诊疗与护理指南
- 保安消防安全培训
- 2025版子宫内膜异位症症状解析及护理计划
- 2025年上海安全知识竞赛考试复习题库及答案
- 2025版产前诊断与遗传咨询知识检测答案及解析
- 幼儿科普紫荆花
- JT-T 1409-2022 城市轨道交通运营应急能力建设基本要求
- 2024年助理值班员(中级)技能鉴定理论题库（含答案）
- 高三4月模考“青春的样子”审题立意及范文
- 安环个人述职报告
- 确保体育馆钢结构预埋件施工质量QC成果
- 高中化学选修5：有机化学基础 应用广泛的高分子材料【全国一等奖】
- 预防接种工作规范(2023年版)解读课件
- 数学史选讲解读课件
- 餐饮舞台策划方案
- 数据存储与备份解决方案
- 木工协议书范文精简处理
评论
0/150
提交评论