Unit 2lessons from Jefferson(格式正确版).doc

大学英语（二） 课程教案主页 第 5 次课授 课 章 节题 目Unit 2 Lessons from Jefferson学时2课 型讲 授 上机 实验课 习题课 讨论 其他教 具多媒体 模型 实 物 挂 图 音像 其他教学目的、要求：1. Get Ss acquainted with the background information related to the text.2. Familiarize Ss with the structure and the main idea of the text.3. Finish general reading and related tasks.教学主要内容（注明：重点*、难点#）：1. The background information related to the text: Thomas Jefferson, Jeffersons Chronology, the Declaration of Independence, Jefferson and the French Revolution.2. Warm-up questions.3. Part Division of the Text. *4. Comprehension of the text. *作业、思考题：1. Go over the new words and expressions.2. Preview the text.3. Do the vocabulary activities. 参 考 资 料：1. College English Intensive Reading Teachers Book 22. College English Intensive Reading Second Classroom 23.大学英语精读 教师用书 董亚芬 上海外语教育出版社4.实用英语语法 张道真 外语教学与研究出版社5.大学英语精读指南 沈逢桂 华东理工大学出版社6. Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary 闽南理工学院备课笔记 第 5 次课 Unit 2 Lessons from Jefferson I. Teaching Purposes 1. Be acquainted with the background information related to the text- Thomas Jefferson, Jeffersons Chronology, the Declaration of Independence. 2. Familiarize the students with the main idea of the text. 3. Master the new words and expressions.II. Teaching Procedures 1. Lead-in (5 mins) 2. Before Reading (40 mins) 1) Warm-up questions 2) Background information 3) New words and Phrases 3. Global Reading (45 mins) 1) Introductory Remarks 2) Part Division of the Text 3) Comprehension of the Text III. Teaching Contents I) Lead-in (5 mins) II) Before Reading (40 mins) 1. Warm-up questions 1) Of the American presidents, how many do you know? 2) Can you recognize the people in the following pictures and say something about them? 2. Background information 1) Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) is best remembered as a great President and as the author of the Declaration of Independence. He also won lasting fame as a diplomat, a political thinker, and a founder of the Democratic Party. (民主党) Jeffersons interests and talents covered an amazing range. He became one of the leading American architects of his time and designed the Virginia Capitol, the University of Virginia, and his own home, Monticello. He greatly appreciated art and music and tried to encourage their advancement in the United States. Jefferson invented a decoding device, a lap desk, and an improved type of moldboard plow. His collection of more than 6400 books became a major part of the Library of Congress. Jefferson revised Virginias laws and founded its state university. He developed the decimal system of coinage that allows Americans to keep accounts in dollars and cents. Jefferson did not consider himself a professional politician. Instead, he regarded himself as a public-spirited citizen and a broadminded, practical thinker. He preferred his family, his books, and his farms to public life. But he spent most of his career in public office and made his greatest contribution to his country in the field of politics. 2) The Declaration of IndependenceIn April 1775, colonists in Massachusetts took up arms against British troops. The American Revolution had begun. The following year, the Continental Congress in Philadelphia asked Jefferson to write a document declaring Americas independence from Britain. The Continental Congress approved Jeffersons work with few changes. The Declaration of Independence was adopted on July 4, 1776. The bonds that tied the colonies to Britain were broken. Jefferson wanted the reasons for Americas independence stated clearly so the world would 第 1 页 闽南理工学院备课笔记 第 5 次课 understand. He wrote all men are created equal, with rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Governments are created to secure peoples rights. The people could change a government that no longer protected their rights.3) Jefferson and the French Revolution Jefferson served as minister to France from 1785 to 1789 when revolution was imminent in France. He sympathized with the revolution, feeling it was similar in purpose to the American. 3. New words and Phrases Make the students read the new words and phrases, and then ask some students read the words and phrases, correct the pronunciation. III) Global Reading (45 mins) 1. Introductory RemarksThomasJeffersonwasthethirdpresidentoftheUnitedStatesandtheauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependence.Hewasaversatileman,withinterestsrangedwidely.Herearesomeofhisideasandexamplesasmentionedinthetext:“goandsee”;“youcanlearnfromeveryone”;“Judgeforyourself”;“Dowhatyoubelieveisright”;“Trustthefuture,trusttheyoung”.Thesearestillofgreatbenefittousnow. 2. Part Division of the Text Part1 (Para.1): A brief introduction to Thomas Jefferson.Part2 (Para.2-8): Some ideas and principles given by Thomas Jefferson.Part 3 (Para 9-11): His talents in many fields and his contribution to USA 3. Comprehension of the Text 1) Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? ca. George Washington.b. Abraham Lincoln.c. Thomas Jefferson.d. Benjamin Franklin. 2) Jefferson made on-the-spot observations of the South Branch of the James River because_b_.a. he was the youngest member of the committeeb. he believed that personal investigation was an important source of knowledgec. he was not interested in the papers about the riverd. he was sure what had been written about the river was misleading3). It can be inferred from the text that Lafayette did not understand the French Revolution because _b_.a. being a nobleman himself, he took the side of the highest social classb. he was divorced from the common peoplec. he misinterpreted the cause of dissatisfaction among the peopled. he failed to act on Jeffersons advice4). Jefferson attached greater importance to newspapers than to a government because he believed that _a_.a. the people themselves had the ability to make correct judgments if they were well informed b. newspapers never refused to accept peoples opinions as governments often didc. no government could be trustedd. newspapers always told the truth5). Jefferson was determined never to answer his critics because _c_.a. he thought there was no sense in defending obviously correct ideas第 2 页 闽南理工学院备课笔记 第 5 次课 b. he believed silence was a source of strengthc. he believed conflict was inevitabled. he knew the more he said, the more they would resent him.6). what did Jefferson mean when he said “How much pain has been caused by evils which have never happened!”? aa. It was pointless to worry about the future.b. Evils were not to be feared. c. Constitutions and laws should be made perpetual.d. Changes in society necessarily involve pains.7). we can learn from the text that Jefferson was _d_.a. a man of great courageb. an idealistc. a man of many talentsd. all of the above8). In Jeffersons view, a nation could remain free only if _a_.a. its people are well-educatedb. it is industrializedc. its people enjoy perfect equalityd. its people understand self-evident truths第 3 页大学英语（二） 课程教案主页 第 6 次课 授 课 章 节题 目Unit 2 Lessons from Jefferson学时2课 型讲 授 上机 实验课 习题课 讨论 其他教 具多媒体 模型 实 物 挂 图 音像 其他教学目的、要求：1. Make Ss master the usages of some key words and phrases. 2. Make Ss understand how to analyze long and complicated sentences in the text .3. Make Ss further understand the text content and structure.教学主要内容（注明：重点*、难点#）：1. Reviewing the structure of the text.2. Explaining some language points *.3. Analyzing difficult sentences. #作业、思考题：1. Memorize the language points and learn how to use them.2. Read the text and retell the story in your own words.3. Finish the exercises of Unit2.参 考 资 料：1. College English Intensive Reading Teachers Book 22. College English Intensive Reading Second Classroom 23.大学英语精读 教师用书 董亚芬 上海外语教育出版社4.实用英语语法 张道真 外语教学与研究出版社5.大学英语精读指南 沈逢桂 华东理工大学出版社6. Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary 闽南理工学院备课笔记 第 6 次课 Unit 2 Lessons from Jefferson I. Teaching Purposes1. Make Ss further understand the text content and structure.2. Teach Ss how to use some key words and phrases in the text. 3. Make Ss understand how to analyze long and complicated sentences in the text.II. Teaching Procedures1. Review the text structure and new words (10 minutes) 2. Study some key words and complicated sentences in the text. (80 minutes)III. Teaching Contents1. Detailed Reading1. Go and see. Jefferson believed that a free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books and that personal investigation is important. When still a young man, he was appointed to a committee to find out whether the South Branch of the James River was deep enough to be used by large boats. While the other members of the committee sat in the state capitol and studied papers on the subject, Jefferson got into a canoe and made on-the-spot observations.2.（L7-8）Jefferson believed that a free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books and that personal investigation is important.1). Explain the grammatical structure of the sentence.主句Jefferson believed 为一般过去时，而后面从句却用了一般现在时，说明叙述的内容为人们普遍接受的客观道理。2).obtain: vt. get through effort I obtained this record for you with difficulty.你可以从当地图书馆得到有关签证和护照的信息。Information about visas and passports can be obtained from your local library.3). get, obtain, achieve & acquire 4).source: n. place from which sth. comes; place where a river startsThey get their money from various sources.莱茵河的源头在哪里？Where does the Rhine have its source?5).personal: adj. done in person; belonging to a personThe manager will make a personal visit to the supermarket.这是个人爱好问题。Its a matter of personal preference.3. (L9)he was appointed to a committee to find out whether the South Branch of the James Riverappoint: vt. choose (someone) for a position, job, etc.Who will be appointed to the chairmanship when Mr. White leaves?The company has appointed a new sales director.4. (L11-13) While the other members of the committee sat in the state capitol and studied papers on the subject, Jefferson got into a canoe and made on-the-spot observations.1). Translate the sentence into Chinese.杰斐逊认为，一个自由的人除了从书本中获取知识外，还可以从许多别的来源获得知识；他认为，亲自作调查是很重要的。2).Whats the function of “while” in this sentence?Here “while” means “whereas”, introducing sth. different.第 1 页 闽南理工学院备课笔记 第 6 次课 You like sports, while Id rather read.3).on the spot: at the place of actionWhenever shes needed, shes quickly on the spot. The police were called and they were on the spot within three minutes.5. You can learn from everyone. By birth and by education Jefferson belonged to the highest social class. Yet, in a day when few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, and waiters. Jefferson once said to the French nobleman, Lafayette, “You must go into the peoples homes as I have done, look into their cooking pots and eat their bread. If you will only do this, you may find out why people are dissatisfied and understand the revolution that is threatening France.”6. (L14) By birth and by education Jefferson belonged to the highest social class. 1). Paraphrase the sentence.Judging by his family and educational background, Jefferson was a member of the group with top social status.2). Translate the sentence into Chinese.按出身及其所受的教育，杰斐逊均属于最高的社会阶层。3). by birth: so far as family origin or nationality is concernedMy parents are both Indian by birth, but they have American citizenship. birth除了与 by 搭配构成短语by birth以外，常见的短语还有：give birth “生孩子；产仔” give birth to “生（孩子）；产生；引起”7. (L15-17) Yet, in a day when few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, and waiters.1). Translate the sentence into Chinese.然而，在那个贵族除了发号施令以外很少跟出身卑贱的人说话的年代，杰斐逊却想尽办法跟园丁、仆人和侍者交谈。2).humble: adj. Low in position. 学校为出身贫贱的孩子提供了很好的教育。The school had provided a good education for children of humble backgrounds.Having a modest opinion of oneselfIn my humble opinion，we should never have bought the car in the first place.3). go out of ones way (to do sth.): take particular trouble or make a special effort ( to do sth.)Both parties are going out of their way to reach a compromise.It was good of you to go out of your way to meet us at the station.8. (L19-21) “If you will only do this, you may find out why people are dissatisfied and understand the revolution that is threatening France.”1). whats the grammatical function of “if you will only do this”?一般说来，if引导的条件状语从句中表示将来用一般现在时，而不用将来时，但这里的will不是将来时，而表示一种现在的意图、意愿、决心等。For Example:If you will give up smoking, your health will improve.2). threaten: v. hang over dangerously; utter a threat againstIts no use threatening me Im not going to do it. 他们每次争吵时，他妻子总是威胁说要离开他。Every time they have an argument, his wife threatens to leave him.第 2 页 闽南理工学院备课笔记 第 6 次课 9. Judge for yourself. Jefferson refused to accept other peoples opinions without careful thought. “Neither believe nor reject anything,” he wrote to his nephew, “because any other person has rejected or believed it. Heaven has given you a mind for judging truth and error. Use it.”1). Paraphrase this sentence.Jefferson didnt blindly accept other peoples likes or dislikes without careful independent thought.未经过认真的思考，杰斐逊绝不接受别人的意见。10. (L22)“Neither believe nor reject anything,”1). reject: vt. refuse to take, believe, use or consider We rejected his idea for a music club, and decided to have an art club instead. 11. (L25)Heaven has given you a mind for judging truth and error.1). error: n. mistake; sth. done wronglyHe found several errors in his manuscript.这次事故是由人为过错造成的。The accident was caused by human error.12. Jefferson felt that the people “may safely be trusted to hear everything true and false, and to form a correct judgment. Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.”13. (L27-29)Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.”1). hesitate: vi. feel doubtful; be undecided 我们不惜为国献身,更不必说吃点苦了。We do not hesitate to give our lives for our country, let alone suffer some hardships.2). prefer: vt. choose sth. rather than sth. else; like sth. better14. Do what you believe is right. 15. (L30)In a free country there will always be conflicting ideas, and this is a source of strength.conflict:1). vi. be opposed; clashThe statements of the two witnesses conflict. 他们对事件的说法与我们的说法截然不同。Their account of events conflicts with ours. 2). n. disagreement; clash; fightSome people feel there is a great deal of conflict between religion and science.The two companies come into frequent conflicts as a result of competition.16. (L35-38)“If you take one side with decision and act on it with effect, those who take the other side will of course resent your actions.”1). act on: act according toThe police are acting on information received.He always acts on a guess.他总是凭猜想行事。2). resent: vt. feel angry or bitter at I bitterly resent your criticism. 我对你的批评十分反感。17. Trust the future; trust the young. Jefferson felt that the present should never be chained to customs which have lost their usefulness. “No society,” he said, “can make a perpetual constitution, or even a perpetual law. The earth belongs to the living generation.” He did not fear new ideas, nor did he fear the future.” How much pain,” he remarked, “has been caused by evils which have never happened! I expect the best, not the worst. I steer my ship with hope, leaving fear behind.”第 3 页 闽南理工学院备课笔记 第 6 次课 18. (L40)Jefferson felt that the present should never be chained to customs which have lost their usefulness.1). Whats the grammatical function of “chain”?Here chain is used figuratively（象征性地，比喻地）, meaning “bind or restrain.”2). Translate the sentence into Chinese.杰斐逊认为，绝不可以用那些已经无用的习俗来束缚住“现在”的手脚。3).custom: n. established socially accepted practiceIn my country, its the custom (for women) to get married in red.19. (L47-49)I steer my ship with hope, leaving fear behind.”1).What kind of rhetorical device is used here?steer my ship 是隐喻 (metaphor), “驾驶着自己的航船” 未来像航海一样，充满未知性，杰斐逊不但不惧怕，而且对未来充满希望， 表现了其乐观和一往无前的精神。2). leave behind: abandon; fail to take or bring alongI think Ill leave my heavy coat behind; I shant need it on holiday.飞机就要起飞了，我却忘了带票。The plane is about to leave, but Ive left my ticket behind.20. Jeffersons courage and idealism were based on knowledge.21. (L54)and he invented a plow superior to any other in existence.1). superior: adj. good or better in quality or valueThe government troops were superior in numbers.这种布比那种好。This cloth is superior to that.2). existence: n. the state of existi