新潮实用英语综合教程unit.ppt

TextA TextB BasicTranslationTechniques Puns Unitseven ConqueringAdversity Listening Speaking ExpressingReproach CommunicativeFunction Directions Listentothesampledialogue Repeatwhatyouhaveheard Pleasepayspecialattentiontotheunderlinedpartsabouthowtoexpressreproach Task1ListenandRepeat Task2ListenandRespond Directions Listentothedialoguetwiceandanswerthefollowingquestions firstformainideasandthenformoredetails Directions Listentothesampledialoguesandcompletethemissingwords Then makesimilardialoguesaccordingtothegivensituations Task3ListenandSimulate Sample1 Sample2 Directions Practicewithyourpartneronhowtoreproachoverthesituationsbelow Thebeginningofthedialoguesisprovided Continuewiththedialoguesorthinkofasituationofyourwon Ifyouneedhelp youmayusetheexpressionsandsentencepatternsintheUsefulExpressionschart Task4CreateYourOwnDialogues VideoWatching TalkingaboutBeingFrustrated Reading Writing TextA Warm upDiscussion1 Howwouldyoudealwithsomeonewhoisunreasonableanddemanding 2 Whatisthebestwaytodealwithhostilityfromanotherperson legally physically orbyreason Underwhatcircumstanceswouldeachtacticwork 3 Doalllessonsinlifehavetobelearnedthehardway BackgroundReferencesofTextA EleanorRoosevelt 1884 1962 AnnaEleanorRoosevelt wifeofthethirty secondpresidentoftheUnitedStates wasaphilanthropist 慈善家 author worlddiplomat 外交家 andcampaignertohelptheunderprivileged 社会地位低下者 EleanorRooseveltwasborninNewYorkCityonOct 11 1884 intoaneconomicallycomfortablebuttroubledfamily HerfatherwasElliottRoosevelt theyoungerbrotherofTheodoreRoosevelt 26thpresident afuturepresidentoftheUnitedStates EleanorRooseveltbeganattendingMademoiselleSouvestre sschoolatSouthFields Englandat15 MademoiselleSouvestretaughtasenseofsocialserviceandresponsibility whichEleanorbegantoactuponafterherreturntoNewYork Rooseveltplungedintosocialwork butsoonhertall handsomecousin FranklinDelanoRoosevelt begancourtingher TheyweremarriedinMarch1905 BeginningsofaPublicCareerBetween1906and1916 theRooseveltshadsixchildren oneofwhomdiedininfancy 婴儿期 幼年 ThefamilylivedattheirestateatHydePark fromwhichFranklinpursuedhispoliticalambitionsintheDemocraticParty HeservedatermintheNewYorkStateSenatebeforePresidentWoodrowWilsonappointedhimassistantsecretaryoftheNavyin1913 AmajorturningpointinEleanor slifecamein1921 whenFranklincontractedpolioandpermanentlylosttheuseofhislegs Eleanornursedhimbackintoactivity Withinafewyearshehadregainedhisstrengthandpoliticalambitions Meanwhile sheenteredmorefullyintopubliclife SheactedasFranklins legsandears DuringFranklin sNewYorkgovernorship shesawthelastofherchildrenofftoboardingschoolandkeptbusyinspectingstatehospitals homes andprisonsforherhusband APresident sWifeRoosevelt selectiontothepresidencyin1932meant asEleanorlaterwrote theendofanypersonallifeofmyown Shequicklybecamethebestknown andalsothemostcriticized FirstLadyinAmericanhistory Sheundertookasyndicatednewspapercolumnandaseriesofradiobroadcasts andshetraveledbackandforthacrossthecountryonfactfindingtripsforFranklin SheassumedthespecialroleofadvocateforAmericansthatsocialprogramsduringtheDepressiontendedtoneglectandsecuredequalopportunitiesforwomenundertheNewDeal sworkreliefprojects WorldFigureAstheUnitedStatesmovedtowardwarinthelate1930s EleanorRooseveltspokeoutforcefullyinfavoroftheadministration spolicyofaidingantifascist 反对法西斯主义的 governments OncetheUnitedStatesformallyenteredthewar shemadenumeroustripstoEngland Europe andthePacificareatoboosttroopmorale 士气 斗志 andtoinspectRedCrossfacilities AfterRoosevelt sdeathinApril1945 Eleanorwasexpectedtoretiretoaquiet uneventfulprivatelife Yet bytheendoftheyear however shewasbackinpubliclifeandcontinuedtoworkforinternationalunderstandingandcooperationasarepresentativeoftheAmericanAssociationfortheUnitedNations Duringthelastdecadeofherlife EleanorRoosevelttraveledtonumerousforeigncountries includingtwotripstotheSovietUnion andauthoredseveralbooks ShediedinNewYorkCityonNov 6 1962 Editedfrom 2 EleanorRoosevelt sQuotes1 Absencemakestheheartgrowfonder 2 Friendshipwithone sselfisallimportant becausewithoutitonecannotbefriendswithanyoneelseintheworld 3 Greatmindsdiscussideas averagemindsdiscussevents smallmindsdiscusspeople 4 Happinessisnotagoal itisaby product 5 Ibelievethatanyonecanconquerfearbydoingthethingshefearstodo providedhekeepsdoingthemuntilhegetsarecordofsuccessfulexperiencebehindhim 6 Ithinkthatsomehow welearnwhowereallyareandthenlivewiththatdecision 7 Iflifewerepredictableitwouldceasetobelife andbewithoutflavor 8 I msogladIneverfeelimportant itdoescomplicatelife 9 Inthelongrun weshapeourlives andweshapeourselves Theprocessneverendsuntilwedie Andthechoiceswemakeareultimatelyourownresponsibility 10 Itisbettertolightacandlethancursethedarkness 11 Itisnotfairtoaskofotherswhatyouarenotwillingtodoyourself 12 Lifemustbelivedandcuriositykeptalive Onemustnever forwhateverreason turnhisbackonlife 13 Myexperiencehasbeenthatworkisalmostthebestwaytopulloneselfoutofthedepths 14 Neverallowapersontotellyounowhodoesn thavethepowertosayyes 15 Noonecanmakeyoufeelinferiorwithoutyourconsent 16 Thefuturebelongstothosewhobelieveinthebeautyoftheirdreams 17 Understandingisatwo waystreet 18 Whenlifeistooeasyforus wemustbewareorwemaynotbereadytomeettheblowswhichsoonerorlatercometoeveryone richorpoor 19 Womenareliketeabags Wedon tknowourtruestrengthuntilweareinhotwater 20 Youcanneverreallyliveanyoneelse slife notevenyourchild s Theinfluenceyouexertisthroughyourownlife andwhatyou vebecomeyourself Source 3 Tchaikovsky sTheNutcracker TheNutcrackerandtheKingofMice Thestorybehindtheballet TheNutcrackerBalletisbasedonthestory TheNutcrackerandtheKingofMice writtenbyE T A Hoffman Althoughwhatisseenonthestagetodayisdifferentindetailfromtheoriginalstory thebasicplotremainsthesame ItisthestoryofayoungGermangirlwhodreamsofaNutcrackerPrinceandafiercebattleagainstaMouseKingwithsevenheads WhenMariusPetipahadtheideatochoreograph 为 编舞 thestoryintoaballet itwasactuallybasedonarevisionbyAlexanderDumas awellknownFrenchauthor HisversionreflectsmoreofwhatwehavecometoloveastheNutcrackerBallet ThePartySceneItisChristmasEveattheStahlbaumhouse Alargeandgrandhousewiththemostbeautifultreeimaginable TheStahlbaumsarehostingtheirannualChristmasparty welcomingthearrivaloftheirfamilyandfriends Thechildren ClaraandFritz aredancingandplayingastheywelcometheirfriendstoo ThepartygrowsfestivewithmusicanddanceasgodfatherDrosselmeyerarrives Heisaskilledclockandtoymakerandalwaysfullofsurprises Drosselmeyerdrawseveryone sattentionashepresentstwolife sizedolls Theyarethedelightoftheparty eachtakingaturntodance ThechildrenbegintoopengiftswhenDrosselmeyerpresentshistoClaraandFritz AlthoughhisgifttoFritzisquitenice hegivesClaraabeautifulNutcrackerthatbecomesthehitoftheparty Fritzbecomesjealousand havingabitmorespunkthanaboyshouldhave grabsthenutcrackerfromClaraandpromptlybreaksit ClaraisheartbrokenlookingonasDrosselmeyerquicklyrepairstheNutcrackerwithahandkerchiefhemagicallydrawsfromtheair Astheeveninggrowslate theguestsdepartandtheStahlbaumfamilyretiresfortheevening Clara worriedaboutherbelovedNutcracker sneaksbacktothetreetocheckonhim fallingasleepwithhiminherarms TheFightSceneAstheclockstrikesmidnightstrangethingsbegintohappen ClarabeginsshrinkingasherbeautifulChristmastreegrowshighaboveher Thetoysaroundthetreecometolifewhiletheroomfillswithanarmyofmice leadbythefierceMouseKing AstheNutcrackerawakens heleadshisarmyoftoysoldiersintobattlewiththemice TheMouseKingcornerstheNutcrackerandbattleshimone on one TheNutcrackerseemstobenomatchfortheMouseKing TheNutcrackerandhisarmycangoonnolongerandarecapturedbythemiceandtheirKing ClaramakesafinaldaringchargethrowingherslipperattheMouseKing hittinghimsquareonthehead TheMouseKingdropstothefloorandthemicerunaway carryingofftheirleader slifelessbody TheLandofSnowTheNutcrackerturnsintoaPrinceandtakesClaraonajourneytotheLandofSnow anenchantedforestwonderlandwheretheyarewelcomedbydancingsnowflakes TheLandofSweetsThePrinceescortsClaratotheLandofSweetswheretheyaregreetedbytheSugarPlumFairy ThePrincetellsherabouttheirdaringbattlewiththearmyofmiceandsherewardsthemwithacelebrationofdances Asafinale theSugarPlumFairyandtheCavalierdanceabeautifulPasDeDeux TheDreamEndsClaraawakensfromherdreamandfindsherselfbyherChristmastreewithherbelovedNutcracker ABadPrincipalTaughtMeaGoodLessonManaSolavn T 1Shestoodatthefrontoftheroomandfacedusallasifwewereprisoners KeepinmindthatI mtheboss shesaid Youwilldoasyouaretold andifyoudon t I llmakeyourlivemiserable Thiswasmyfirstfacultymeetingoftheyearandthiswomanwasmyprincipal 她站在房间前面 像看囚犯一样地看着我们 记住 我是这里的老板 她说 照我说的去做 否则 你们就别想有好日子过 这就是当年我第一次开教师大会的情景 而这个女人就是我的校长 坏校长给我上了人生深刻的一课 teach givesomebodya good lesson教训某人 Mr SmithstaredatJohn readytoteachhimagoodlesson Thiscaraccidenthastaughthimagoodlesson miserableveryunhappyoruncomfortable痛苦的 不舒适的 Hefeltdepressedandmiserable ShewasmiserableformonthsafterherbreakupwithMike misery痛苦 悲惨 不幸n astateofill beingduetoafflictionormisfortune afeelingofintenseunhappiness Warbreedsmiseryandruin ItbroughtyearsofmiserytoLebanon and ofcourse nopeaceintheendtoIsrael facultyn 1 alltheteachersinaschool collegeoruniversity全体教员 TheUniversityofTorontohasabout55 000studentsand12 000facultyandstaffmembers Thefacultywasamixedethnicgroup astheschoolmainlytaughtforeignlanguages 2 anyofthepowersofthebodyormind官能 能力 Theoldmanhaslosthisfacultiesandcan ttakecareofhimself 3 specialability特殊才能 Thefacultytogiveagreatspeechcanbelearned 2Young vulnerable andreluctanttostandupformyself Iwastheperfectvictim Whileeveryonelaboredunderthetension bymysecondyearitbecameapersonalbattle Shewasouttogetme Herfirsthostileactionwastomoveme withoutcause toadifferentclassroominanoisy high trafficarea WhenItoldherthatparentshadprotestedthatthisenvironmentinterferedwiththechildren slearning shelashedout You restayingexactlywhereyouare andyou dbetterdealwiththeparents becauseIwon t T 年轻 软弱 不敢坚持自己立场的我就成了绝佳的牺牲品 尽管大家都战战兢兢地在工作 但到了第二年 这种局面就变成了一场私人恩怨的战斗 她专门找我的麻烦 她的敌意首先表现在课室的安排上 她无缘无故地把我的课室换到靠近喧闹的高速公路旁的教室 当我向她转达家长的抗议 因为那种环境会影响孩子们的学习 她却生气地吼叫道 你就给我在那间教室里呆着 家长的抗议你自己去解决 因为我是不会出面的 standupfor support支持 Healwaysstandsupforwomen srights Tomwouldstandupforwhathethoughtwasrightnomatterwhatthecosttohim victimn someonethatsuffersfromanaccident illnessorbadluck受害人 牺牲者 ThemajorityofthevictimsofthediseasearethechildrenofAfrica Theboy sparents whoareseparated callhimavictimofTVandabrokenhome tensionn astateofnervousness worryortense紧张 不安 Theseincludeincreasesinbodytemperature muscletensionandweakenedeyesight Therealwayshasbeensometensionbetweenthenavyandthecitizenswholiveontheisland be outtodosomething tryorhopetodosomething力图 一心要 Theywereouttonegotiateforthenewcontract Shewasouttogetthejobofvicepresidentofthecompany hostileshowingstrongdislike veryunfriendly怀敌意的 敌对的 Inbecomingmorehostiletonations BushisisolatingAmericafromcountriesthatwereoncefriendsandallies Hehasalargemajorityandpublicopinionmaybelesshostilethansomeofhiscriticssuggest hostility h stil ti n 敌意 敌对 敌视 对抗 Thishostilitycanleadtoaggressiveactionsor insomecases violence arean aplace区域 地区Therearen ttoomanyhousesbeingsoldoverthepastmonthinthisarea UnitedNationspeacekeepingforcesintheareacouldnotstoptheattacks Thisparkprovidesalargeareawhereanimalsliveintheirnaturalenvironment protest1 v expresspubliclystrongdisagreementordisapproval抗议 反对 IraqhascalledforArabstoprotestthisweekendasSecretaryPowellvisitstheMiddleEast 2 n statementoractionshowingone sstrongdisagreementordisapproval抗议 反对 HesentlettersofprotesttoMexicangovernmentofficials interferev preventsomethingfromhappening妨碍 干涉 Theheavyrainsthisspringinterferedwithourplanstoplantthecrops Peopleinthisareaexperiencenoiselevelsatnightthatinterferewiththeirsleep lashout suddenlyspeakangrilyorcriticizesomeoneangrily责骂 Outoffrustration 失望 themanagerlashedoutathisemployees Iwrotealettertothepresidentofthecompany andlashedoutoverwhathadhappened Laterduringtheirafternoonbreak theemployeeslashedoutoverwhatthemanagerhadsaid dealwithhandletheproblemortask处理 交涉Youscrewedupandyouhavetodealwithityourself Everyonemustdealwiththeirownproblemsandresponsibilities 3Shewouldyellatmeinfrontofmycolleagues Can tyoudothingsright You restillababywearingdiapers Comedownfromtheclouds You retoomuchofadreamer Shenevermissedanopportunitytohumiliateme 她还会当着其他同事的面冲我大喊大叫 你怎么老做错呢 你还是个系尿布的娃娃 别想入非非 你真是个了不起的梦想家 总之一有机会 她都会百般地羞辱我 T yellatshoutorsaysomethingveryloudlyto对 叫喊 Whydoyouyellatmewhenmistakesweremadebyyoutoo Yellingatpeoplewillusuallymakemattersworse notbetter Itisnotconsideredpolitetoyellatpeopletogettheirattention infrontofinthepresenceof inapositionfurtherforward当某人的面 在 前面Thebusstopisinfrontofthesupermarket Shegaveherlectureinfrontofacrowdofnearly500people Manypeopleworrywhentheymustgiveaspeechinfrontofalargeaudience Can tyoudothingsright 你怎么老做错呢 can tyou whycan tyou 你难道不能 用来表示 责备 批评 例如 1 Can tyoucallmeifyouknowyouaregoingtobelate 2 Whycan tyoubemorecarefulinexams Comedownfromtheclouds 别想入非非了 Stopyourdreaming Or Getbackdowntoearth reality You retoomuchofadreamer 你真是个太了不起的梦想家 本句为反语 是校长对作者的讽刺 muchofa意为 称得上 的 agood notmuchofa意为 不太好的 notagood 例如 1 Heisnotmuchofafootballplayer 2 Anythinginexcesscouldbetoomuchofagoodthing 3 Thenewcompetitorswerenotmuchofamatchforthechampion 4Afterthreeyearsofworkinginthisenvironment myhealthbecameaffected Iexperiencedbadheadachesandgrewincreasinglydepressed 三年如一日地在这种环境下工作 我身心受到了伤害 我老是头痛 人也变得越来越压抑 T depressedn verysadandwithouthope沮丧的 抑郁的 Thechildrenofdepressedwomendidpoorlyontestsoflanguageskillsandunderstandingwhattheyheard Thelastgroupincludedwomenwhowerenotdepressedandhadnotsufferedphysicalorsexualabuse depression di pre n n 沮丧 不景气 忧愁 Depressionaffectstheentirebody notjustthemind HerecalledtheeffectoftheGreatDepressioninBoston 5ThenIfoundarayofhope I dreadthesewordsbyformerfirstladyEleanorRoosevelt You renobody svictimwithoutyourpermission IknewthatIhadtotakecontrolofmylifeandstopblamingmyprincipal Icouldn tcontrolherbehavior butIcouldcontrolmyreactionstoit 后来我终于发现了希望的曙光 我读到前第一夫人罗斯福 埃莉诺说过的一句话 没有你的允许 谁也不能伤害你 我明白了我必须掌握自己的命运 停止埋怨校长 我虽然控制不了她的行为 但是我可以控制自己的应对方法 T arayofhopeasmallamountofhope一丝希望 Despitehavingaterriblesemester hefoundarayofhopeaftertalkingtohisteachers Oncethecompanyhiredher wehadarayofhopethatthingswouldimprove Somepeoplefindarayofhopeinsomeofthesimplestthings permissionn theactofallowingsomebodytodosomething许可 允许 Iftimepermits Iwillvisitmyformerteachers Peoplewouldneedlegalpermissiontoownhandguns Thegovernmentwouldrefusepermissiontoenteriftheywerecriminals 构词 permitv 允许 使有可能 You renobody svictimwithoutyourpermission Ifpeoplecontrolyou it syourownfault 没有你的允许 谁也不能伤害你 takecontrolofhavethepowertodecide克制 控制 Stopbeingsuchacrybabyandtakecontrolofyourself Ifyoudonottakecontrolofyourlife someoneelsemight reactiontothewayyoufeelorbehaveasaresultofsomethingthathashappened对 反应 Therehasbeenanimmediatereactionagainsttheirgovernmenttaxincreases Thereactiontothenewstonightdidnotsurpriseme Thereactionstohisideaswerefavorable 6Idecidedtoattendaseminarthatemphasizedeffectivecommunicationstrategies ThereIlearnedthatbulliesareusuallycowardswhoactupontheirfearsandinsecurities Ialsolearnednon confrontationalphrasestouseinconversation suchasstartingastatementwith Inmyopinion 我决定参加一个强化如何进行有效交流的研讨会 那次研讨会使我明白 其实那些欺凌弱小的人往往都是懦弱的人 他们的举止行为是出于恐惧和缺乏安全感 我还学会了如何运用非对抗性语言与人交谈 譬如在陈述观点前 先说 依我看来 T statementn somethingyousayorwritetoletpeopleknowyourintentionsoropinions陈述 声明 Thefinalstatementlistedtwentypoints An apology isastatementexpressingregretoraskingpardonforafaultoroffense 7IplannedaheadwhenIknewIwouldhavetospeakone on onewiththeprincipal First Iwouldjudgehermoodthatday andifIfoundherunapproachable Iwouldwriteheranoterequestingameeting AndImusteredmycourageandcontactedmyunionrepresentativeforadvice 当知道我必须和校长单独谈话时 我预先做好准备工作 首先 我会揣摩她当天的情绪 当发现她难以接近 我就写张字条要求和她面谈 然后我鼓足勇气与工会代表联系 征求他们的忠告 T IplannedaheadwhenIknewIwouldhavetospeakone on onewiththeprincipal 当我知道我必须和校长单独谈话时 我预先做好准备工作 speakone on one speakface to face or speakalonewiththatperson judge1 v formanopinionaboutsomethingorsomebody审判 评判 ThejudgedeterminedthatJohnwasguilty Thelocalcourtdidnothavethepowertojudgethecase Manyvotersjudgeacandidate sabilitybythewayhemakesapublicspeech 2 n personwhodecidescasesinalawcourtorwhowinsinacompetition审判官 法官 裁判员 ThejudgegavethefirstpricetoJohn spainting musterone scouragebringtogetherone scourage鼓足勇气 Youmustmusteryourcourageifyouplanongoingintobusinessforyourself Hehadtomusterhiscouragebeforehewenttotalktotheprettygirl representativen someonewhohasbeenchosentospeak vote etc forsomeoneelse代表 代理人 MichaelVlassoffistherepresentativefortheUNPopulationFundinIndia HeservedsixtermsasarepresentativeinCongressfromthestateofWyoming 8Sherecommendedmetodocumenteverythingmybosssaidanddidtome Ifsheaskedtomeetwithme Ishouldinsistonhavingathirdpartypresent Inaddition therepresentativeprovidedmewithaguidebooklistingmylegalrights 工会代表建议我在与老板交涉时 记录好她的一言一行 如果她要见我 我应坚持要有第三者在场 另外 工会代表还给了我一本员工权力指导手册 T document1 v proveorsupportwithpaper form book etc 记载 Butseveralcompromiseshadtobereachedbeforemajorindustrialnationswouldagreetothedocument Thepolicedocumentedtheircasewithaccountsoftheaccidentsbypeoplewhosawit Forathesis thestudentmustlearntodocumenttheirsourcesofinformation 2 n paper form book etc givinginformation evidenceofsomething文件 公文 Thefinalpartofthedocumentdealswithhowtocarryouttheagreement insistondemand keepdoingsomething坚持 Ifyou reasupervisor youmustinsistonyouremployeestodotheirjob Herparentsinsistedonherbeinghomebefore10o clock additionn 1 somethingaddedtowhatyoualreadyhave增加的人或物 Annwillbeaveryusefuladditiontoourteam Althoughmystockportfolioisdiversifiedprettywell Ithoughttheadditionofforeigninvestmentswouldbeagoodidea 2 theprocessofaddingsomethingtosomethingelse加 加法 Childrenlearnadditionandsubtractioninelementaryschool 词组 inadditionasanextrapersonorthing加之 除 之外 Inaddition theinsectcarriesdiseasesthatcanharmfruitsandotherplants Inaddition expertssaytheplanmustbecombinedwitheffortstoteachpeoplehowtousethedrugs 9Mymostsuccessfulstrategywastosubstitutepositive self supportivethoughtsfornegativeones suchas Problemscanbeseenaschallengesasopposedtosetbacks and Somewherein