15选10答题技巧 2016.docx

15选10（篇章词汇理解）答题技巧一. 题型分析篇章词汇理解是考查的是考生对篇章中词汇的理解能力这类试题兼有记叙，说明和议论的成分，文章长度为个单词左右，从中留出个单词的空格，要求考生从个备选单词中选出个填入空格处，使文章语句通畅，表达正确测试重点：考生对连贯性一致性及逻辑关系等语篇语段的整体特征以及单词在实际语境中的理解既考查宏观结构，又考查微观理解 十个空缺考察的全部为实词，其中1-2个副词（ad.），2-4个名词(n.)，2-3个动词(v.)和2-4个形容词 (a.) ，每个正确选项都有干扰项，15个单词中3个名词正确答案+1个名词干扰答案、3个动词正确答案+1个动词干扰答案、3个形容词正确答案+2个形容词干扰答案、1个副词正确答案+1个副词干扰答案。选项中动词时态与文章时态保持一致。二 答题步骤及技巧1. 通读全文，抓住中心（首段，首句原则）2. 阅读选项，词性分类（注意分析动词时态）2.1名词 ：名词在句中通常作主语或宾语，如果空格处位于主语或宾语的位置，就应该用名词，然后再判断名词的单复数。 名词前面最常见的是冠词或形容词，可以作为判断的标志。2.2.动词：动词通常作谓语或伴随状语。如果空格处所在句子缺少谓语，就应该用动词，然后通过语境确定动词的具体形式。 动词的现在分词一般用于下列情况：1用于进行时态，与be动词构成进行时；2用作形容词，作表语、定语或状语；3作伴随状语 动词的过去分词一般用于下列情况：1用于完成时态，当空格前出现has, have和had时，就应该首先考虑用过去分词；2用于被动语态；3作形容词，作表语、定语或状语；4做伴随状语2.3形容词形容词可作表语和定语。在形容词前后常见的是名词、副词、be动词或系动词，这些可作为判断形容词的标志，当空格前为more或most时，可先考虑形容词。2.4. 副词 副词可作状语、表语和定语。副词在每年考试中都会出现两个选项，几乎都是二选一。3. 前后结合，寻找线索， 全盘考虑，灵活选择（根据所需词性缩小范围，每词只能用一次）根据上下文的信息来选择根据空格前后的词语来选择3.1在空格后面如果是and/or这样的表示并列结构连词，那么该空的词性以及贬义褒义都和and/or之后的词性贬义褒义保持一致。eg.Some believe that the means of forecast is rather _ and is often incorrect. (出自读写教材Unit6 课后作业15选10) 该空后面由and 连接，之后的形容词是incorrect（不正确的，表示 贬义）所以该空也要选择形容词 而且是贬义的形容词，结合文章意思，该处选择是arbitrary （任意的；武断的）3.2 介词如of by ,for 之后如果需要加动词，一般是动宾结构3.3还有一些固定搭配，比如 be able to do sth, depend/rely on.3.4 利用不定冠词(a/an)判断考点是否为元音开头，缩小选择范围eg.After an _ six-month search, first lady Laura Bush announced Sunday that Comferford was chosen from hundreds applicants to head the executive kitchen.(extensive, expansive, executive,)extensive为正确答案， 3.5 注意一词多性： 词库中的词有的既是名词又是动词，有些分词也可以充当形容词，确定空白处所需单词词性后要全面考虑词库中的单词词性，不能遗漏(respect, result, range)4复读全文，核查答案（快速复读，用语感判断是否通顺准确）备注：由于十五选十在四级中所占分数比例偏小，建议在考试中会出现时间吃紧以及该题正确率不高的考生将此题挪到最后完成，降低失分率。三 真题 出自2016年6月第二套四级真题 Contrary to popular belief, older people generally do not want to live with their children. Moreover, most adult children _(26)every bit as much care and support to their aging parents as was the case in the good old days, and roost older people do not feel _(27). About 80% of people 65 years and older have living children, and about 90% of them have _(28)contact with their children. About 75% of elderly parents who dont go to nursing homes live within 30 minutes of at least one of their children. However, _(29)having contact with children does not guarantee happiness in old age. In fact, some research has found that people who are most involved with their families have the lowest spirits. This research may be _(30), however, as ill health often makes older people more _(31)and thereby increases contact with family members. So it is more likely that poor health, not just family involvement, _(32)spirits. Increasingly, researchers have begun to look at the quality of relationships, rather than at the frequency of contact, between the elderly and their children. If parents and children share interests and values and agree on childrearing practices and religious _(33)they are likely to enjoy each others company. Disagreements on such matters can _(34)cause problems. If parents are angered by their daughters divorce, dislike her new husband, and disapprove of how she is raising their grandchildren, _(35)are that they are not going to enjoy her visits.A.abandoned B.advanced C.biased D.chances E.commitment F.dampens G.dependent H.distant I.frequent J.fulfillment K.grant L.merely M.provide N.understandably O.unrealistically参考答案 26. M provide 27. A abandoned 28. I frequent 29. L merely 30. C biased 31. G dependent 32. F dampens 33. E commitment 34. N understandably 35. D chances模拟题：模拟题一 选自华研外语5套预测 Model Test 2 参考答案1-5 MDOJE 6-10 IGBCKPoor people have I.Q.s significantly lower than those of rich people, and the awkward conventional wisdom has been that this is in large part a_1_ of genetics. After all, a series of studies seemed to indicate that I.Q. is largely inherited. Identical twins raised apart, for example, have I.Q.s that are remarkably _2_. If intelligence were deeply connected in our genes that would lead to the depressing conclusion that neither schooling nor antipoverty programs can _3_ much. Yet while this view of I.Q. has been widely held, new evidence shows that it is_4_ wrong. Richard Nisbett, a professor of psychology at the University of Michigan, has just proved it completely wrong in a new book Intelligence and How to Get It.Professor Nisbett strongly advocates intensive early childhood education because of its proven ability to_5_ I.Q. The Milwaukee Project, for example, took African-American children considered at risk for mental retardation (迟钝) and assigned them_6_ either to a control group that received no help or to a group that enjoyed intensive day care and education from 6 months of age until they left to enter first grade. By age 5, the children in the program _7_ an I.Q. of 110, compared with 83 for children in the control group. Another proven _8_ is to tell junior-high-school students that I.Q. is expandable, and that their intelligence is something they can help shape. Students exposed to that idea work _9_ and get better grades.The implication of this new research on intelligence is that if we were to_10_ early childhood education and support schooling , we just might be able to raise the United States collective I.Q. significantly.A) previously B) intervention C) harder D) similarE) raise F) factor G) averaged H) interfereI) randomly J) profoundly K) push L) analyzedM) function N) diligent O) accomplish模拟题二选自星火英语一本全 P127 参考答案1-5BMLKF 6-10 IGJHNWhen we are feeling blue we are told to count our blessings, but according to a study recently published in Psychological Science, counting our money might be a more useful activity. Psychologists Xinyue Zhou, investigated the psychological, physical and social _1_of money.To examine this, the researchers asked one group of _2_ to count out eighty $100 bills and another group to count eighty _3_ pieces of paper. They then played a computerized ball-tossing game called Cyperball. Out of those _4_ in the Cyperball game, people who had counted the money rated lower social distress than those who only counted paper.In another experiment, the scientists made people _5_to hot light for 30 seconds after they counted either money or paper. _6_ those counting money rated a lower intensity of the light and physical pain than those who counted paper. Adding a twist to the experiment, the scientists asked a group of participants to list their monetary _7_ from