高中英语必修四BOOK 4 Unit 5 Theme parks 构词法讲解及练习题(含答案)

BOOK 4 Unit 5 Theme parks 构词法讲解及练习题构词法讲解及练习题 语言点讲解语言点讲解 1 合成 有两个或更多的词合成一个词 复合名词 class room classroom 名词 名词 black board blackboard 形容词 名词 复合形容词 warm heart ed warmhearted 热心肠的 good looking good looking 相貌好看的 world wide worldwide 世界性的 hard working hard working 努力工作的 复合动词 over come overcome 克服 副词 动词 复合数词 fifty four fifty four 复合代词 everyone somebody anything nobody 不定代词 名词 复合副词 down stairs downstairs 在楼下 形容词 名词 whole heartedly wholeheartedly 全神贯注地 副词 副词 2 派生 是通过在词根上加前缀或者后缀构成一个新词 happy unhappy develop development 前缀 一般只引起意思上的变化而不造成词类的变化 只有少数能引起词类的变化 mis 错误的 understand v 理解 misunderstand v 误解 en large adj 大的 enlarge v 扩大 后缀 一般只引起词性上的变化而不造成意思的变化 care v 照料 careful adj 细心的 work v 工作 worker n 工人 常见的前缀 A 表示否定的前缀 un unfair unhappy non nonsmoker 常用在 n adj adv 前 in inactive 常用在 adj 前 dis disagree disappear dislike im impolite impossible 用在 b p m 开头的词前 B 表示错误或失误的前缀 mis misunderstand misdirect 误导 C 表示两个 双边的前缀 bi bicolor 双色的 bicycle D 表示相互 交互 在一起的前缀 inter interview international internet E 表示又 再 重新的前缀 re review return rewrite F 表示远的前缀 tele telephone television 常见的后缀 动词变名词 tion educate education invite invitation predict prediction ment development movement disappointment er teacher worker runner singer or visitor sailor tutor actor 名词后缀补充 ist 人 名词后缀 science scientist terror terrorist ese 民族 语言 名词后缀 Chinese Japanese 形容词变名词 ness good goodness happy happiness busy business care careless carelessness ity able ability possible possibility 名词变形容词 y windy rainy healthy cloudy funny sunny ish foolish childish girlish some handsome troublesome ous dangerous humorous ful helpful careful peaceful colorful less homeless helpless careless useless ed surprised bored excited relaxed interested ing surprising boring exciting relaxing interesting outstanding 名词变形容词 al traditional international nature natural 5 名词 形容词变动词 ify beauty beautify simple simplify ize realize en quicken sharpen widen 3 转化 是指有一种词类转化为另一种词类 单词转化后的意义往往与之前的意义 联系密切 常见的转化形式 动词 名词 名词 动词 形容词 动词 动词 名词 water n 水 water vt 浇水 stop v 停止 n 车站 watch v 观看 n 手表 look v 看 have a look n 看 walk v 散步 走 take a walk n 散步 love v 爱 your love n 爱 名词 动词 hand n 手 vt 上交 seat n 座位 vt 坐 nurse n 护士 vt 护理 oil n 油 vt 上油 time n 时间 vt 定时 测时 show n 展示 秀 vt 表演 秀 形容词 动词 open adj 开着的 open v 开 clean adj 清洁的 clean v 打扫 slow adj 慢的 slow v 放慢 4 截短法 缩略法 截短法 即将单词缩写 词义和词性保持不变 主要有截头 去尾 截 头去尾等形式 1 截头 telephone phone aeroplane plane omnibus bus 2 去尾 mathematics maths co operate co op examination exam kilogram kilo laboratory lab taxicab taxi 3 截头去尾 influenza flu refrigerator fridge prescription script 5 混合法 混成法 混合法 即将两个词混合或各取一部分紧缩而成一个新词 后半部分 表示主体 前半部分表示属性 news broadcast newscast 新闻广播 television broadcast telecast 电视播送 smoke and fog smog 烟雾 helicopter airport heliport 直升飞机场 6 首尾字母缩略法 首尾字母缩略法 即用单词首尾字母组成一个新词 读音主要有两种 形式 即各字母分别读音 作为一个单词读音 very important person VIP 读字母音 要人 大人物 television TV 读字母音 电视 Testing of English as a Foreign Language TOEFL 托福 同步练习同步练习 用所给汉语的适当形式填空 1 重要 重要的 1 Anybody can see the of good health 2 It is to see that the brakes on your bicycle work properly 3 More the teacher should make the total meaning of the dialogue clear to the students before having them repeat it 2 发明 创造 1 Necessity is the mother of 2 He a story to explain why he was late 3 It was absolutely new method by himself 3 兴趣 使发生兴趣 有趣的 引起兴趣的 1 Geology him 2 He s a most man 3 He did not seem at a in the subject 4 I will be most to hear your personal views on the station there 5 Local colour added to the novel 4 善良 好心 仁慈 和蔼 1 I want to thank you for your to me 2 The policeman treated the lost child 3 Taking a blind man across the street is a act 4 Will you be so as to answer a few questions 5 迟 晚 后来 最近 最新 1 I was getting up this morning 2 Tom came to school and missed the first lesson 3 Nine months they were divorced 4 They have equipped the office with the business machines 5 What have you been doing 6 生命 生活 谋生 活的 活着的 生动的 活泼的 1 Eat to but do not to eat 2 Because of all the arguments the meeting was a one 3 Language is a and continually changing thing 4 He earns his by growing rice 5 Many people lost their in the accident 7 爱 喜爱 可爱 好看 美好 1 How your roses are looking 2 It was a garden with soft green grass 3 Though his income was small he to buy books 8 领导 领先 首先 领袖 领导人 1 Our football team has a of two goals 2 The blind man had a dog to him 3 What you to think that 4 Our led us through the forest 5 What the country needs most is wise 9 长 长的 长度 1 What is the of the movie 2 How is the speech 10 运气 好运 幸运的 侥幸的 1 Diligence is the mother of good 2 You are than most women 11 主要 主要部分 主要的 主要地 大部分 1 He is the character in the story 2 Our meal is in the evening 3 His money comes from business interests 12 管理 经营 设法完成 经理 管事人 1 The prime minister really the government 2 He to escape to South America 3 Mother hasn t much money and it is only by good that she is able to buy all we need 4 Only a good can run a household on fifty dollars a week 13 意思 意义 意思是 1 What s the of this word 2 The words are spelt differently and quite different things 3 Smoke usually fire 4 Thoughts are expressed by of words 5 Taking a plane is the quickest of getting there 14 医学 医疗 医药 1 research may find a cure for cancer 2 Tuition rooms books and care are all free 3 This is a good kind of for colds 4 Always keep where children can t get at them 15 错误 弄错 错误的 1 I you for your brother 2 Bob has the idea that tomorrow is a holiday 3 I was about her age 4 When I am tired I frequently make silly arithmetical 16 混合 搅和 混合物 1 Green is a of blue and yellow 2 Shake the before taking 3 His feelings about his daughter s marriage are rather 4 this oil with the paint and stir well 17 最 最多 大多数 主要 大部分 1 Of course of them don t agree with his opinion 2 Of these sports I like rowing 3 The guests are friends of the bride 参考答案参考答案 1