词义猜测技巧之通过上下文进行词义猜测.ppt

词义猜测题解题策略 Leadin ThescientistsuseddetailedgeneticanalysistoprovethattheAfricansavannaelephantandtheAfricanforestelephanthavebeendistinctspeciesforseveralmillionyears ThedivergenceofthetwospeciestookplacearoundthetimeofthedivergenceofAsianelephantsandwoollymammoths Thisresultamazedallthescientists 67 Theunderlinedword divergence inparagraph4means A evolutionB exhibitionC separationD examination 词义猜测题常见的考查形式 1 Thephrase inthesentencecouldbereplacedby 2 Theworld intheparagraphrefersto 3 Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordintheparagraph Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean 4 Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtothephrase 5 Theworld mostnearlymeans 6 Whatdoyouthinktheexpression standfor 词义猜测题解题策略之 通过上下文进行词义猜测 猜词是英语阅读的重要技巧 也是高考中常考的题型 考生要学会 顺藤摸瓜 通过构词 定义 对比 因果 联想 上下文等线索 各种已知信息 确定词义 要求猜测词义的词一般为实词 动词 名词 形容词等 就方法来说 主要根据上下文线索和构词法 高考阅读文章中更侧重前者 技巧点拨 例1 Inslangthetermjamconstitutesastateofbeinginwhichapersonfindshimselforherselfinadifficultsituation 词义 困境 Skill1 通过 进行猜测 定义句的谓语动词多为 becalled beknownas define represent等 be mean dealwith beconsidered tobe referto Practice Hisuncleisazoologist anexpertwhodoesresearchonanimals 词义 动物学家 定义或释义关系 技巧点拨 例2 1 Theytraveledalongway atlastgottoacastle alargebuildinginoldtimes 2 Weareonthenightshift frommidnightto8a m thisweek 3 Infact onlyabout80ocelots anendangeredwildcat existintheU S today NMET2005浙江 古城堡 夜班 野猫 Skill2 通过 进行猜测 同位关系 Practice Youshouldneverputacottonswaborotherobjectintotheearcanal Butyoucanuseaswaborclothtocleantheouterpartoftheear Theexpertsagreewiththeoldsayingthatyoushouldneverputanythingsmallerthanyourelbowinyourear Whatdoesa swab mostlyprobablymean A somethingsoft smallandusedinclinicsB somethinghard longandusedathomeC somethingthin wetandlikeanelbowD somethingsafe bigandlikeatoy 技巧点拨 例3 Ifyouagree write yes ifyoudissent write no 2 Althoughalargenumberofpeopleconsideredhimtohavestolenthemoney Iwassurethathewasinnocentofthething 不同意 无辜的 Skill3 通过 进行猜测 对比关系或反义关系 表示对比 类比或转折的常见信息词有 yet despite inspiteof instead等 有时也用破折号或冒号等符号 but however while ontheotherhand onthecontrary 例4 Somefamilynamesweremadebyaddingsomethingtothefather sname English speakingpeopleadded sor son TheJohsonsaredescendantsofJohn theRobertsfamily sancestorwasRobert IrishandScottishpeopleaddedMacorMcorO perhapsalloftheMacDonnellsandtheMcDonnellsandtheO DonnellsaredescendantsofthesameDonnell NMET2010江苏 Theunderlinedword descendants meansaperson s A latergenerationsB friendsandrelativesC colleaguespartnersD latersponsorsname English speaking Skill4 通过 进行猜测 例证 表示举例或同位语表示释义或举例词语的信息词有 等 也有e g 举例 i e 也就是 forexample forinstance suchas inotherwords thatistosay namely Practice Onthefarmtheymainlyraisepoultry suchaschickens ducksandgeese fortheireggsandmeat 词义 家禽 例5 Whensomekindofpainkillerwasbroughtoutrecently researchersfoundthatthecoloursturnedthecustomersoffbecausetheymadetheproductlookweakandineffective Eventually itcomeonthemarketinadarkblueandwhitepackage bluebecausewethinkofitassafe andwhiteascalm NMET2004广东 Theunderlinedpart thecoloursturnedthecustomersoff meansthatthecolours attractedthecustomersstronglyB hadweakeffectsonthecustomersC trickedthecustomersintoshoppingD causedthecustomerstoloseinterest Skill5 通过 进行猜测 因果关系 表示因果关系的信息词有 等 也有e g 举例 i e 也就是 because as since for thus so therefore 例6 Tomcan tfindhissneakers C shoes Tomcan tfindhiswhitesneakers Tomcan tplaytennisnowbecausehecan tfindhiswhitesneakers A money B bowls Skill6 通过 进行猜测 生词所在的上下文 1 WhenIfirstbecameareporterIknewamanwhogaveupaverywell paidrespectablejobattheDailyTelegraphtogoandeditasmallnewspaper AtthetimeIwasastonishedbywhatappearedtometobehiscompletelyabnormalmentalstate HowcouldanyoneturnhisbackonFleetStreetincentralLondonforasmalllocalarea Iwantedtoknow NMET2006广东 Theunderlinedphrase turnhisbakeon mostprobablymeans leaveforB returntoC giveupD relyon 2 Therewasagardenerwholookedafterhisgardenwithgreatcare Towaterhisflowers heusedtwobuckets Onewasashinyandnewbucket Theotherwasaveryoldanddilapidatedone whichhadseenmanyyearsofservice butwasnowpastitsbest Whatdoestheunderlinedword dilapidated probablymean A Dirty B Dark C Worn out D Plain looking 2011全国IIE Ididn thearthemcallmyname explainedShelleyHennigtoActiveTeens AT asshetalkedaboutthatexcitingmomentonnationaltelevisionwhenshewonthehonorofMissTeenUSA2004 Areyouready iswhatsheheard Thenshesaid Ishookmyheadno andthentheysaid yes anditwasannouncedagain Itwasfourdaysafterthatlifechangingmomentfortheseventeen year oldhighschoolstudentfromDestrehan Louisiana shewasstilloncloudnine Iwassoshocked Ineverbelievedthatitcouldactuallyreallyhappen Presentintheaudience 观众 thatdaywere hermotherandfather olderbrother herfriends andherdanceteac