现在分词与过去分词.ppt

Unit20HumorGrammar 现在分词与过去分词英语中的分词有两种 现在分词和过去分词 现在分词由动词原形加ing构成 过去分词由动词原形加ed构成 现在分词表示正在进行或主动意义 过去分词表示已经完成或被动意义 两者之间既有相同之处 又有区别 分词 Isawthenaughtyboyhittingthedog Ismellsomethingburning Lastyearherhusbanddied leavingherwiththreechildren Havingwrittentheletter hewentouttopostit Nothavingfoundthewallet hedarednotgohome laughingaudience A 现在分词表示正在进行的动作 而过去分词则表示完成的动作 e g fallingleaves fallenleavesboilingwater boiledwaterdevelopingcountry developedcountryB 现在分词表示动作主动的意思 所修饰的人或物是分词动作的执行者 过去分词表示被动的意思 所修饰的人或物是分词的承受者 e g anexcitingfilm excitedspeaker IngusedasAttribute theworkingpeopleaninterestingcrosstalkanexcitingeventtherisingsunthecomingweekaflyingkitethedancinggirl 劳动人民 有趣的相声 激动人心的事件 升起的太阳 下周 翱翔的风筝 舞女 laughingaudience 分词在句中的作用 分词在句中起形容词和副词的作用 可作定语 单个分词作定语时常放在被修饰词的前面e g Arethereanylivingthingonthemoon Iamreadinganinterestingbook B 单个分词作定语时有时也可放在被修饰词的后面 e g Thereissomethingmissing 1 themanwalkingalongtheriver2 theoldladytalkingtothechildren3 thesunrisingabovethesurfaceofthesea IngphraseusedasAttribute C 分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词的后面e g ThemansittingontheplatformisaprofessorfromWuhanUniversity Themanwithsun glassesstandingnearacarisamusician areadingroom Icanseesomepeoplereading 作宾语补足语 现在分词与过去分词在句中都可以作宾语补足语 e g Wesawhimclimbingatree Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting Wemustn tleavetheworkhalfdone performcyclejumpdroplaughbreakburnquarrelentershare Peoplesawthepolice thewindowwithahammer Behindthedoorsweheardtheaudience duringtheshow Neighbourswatchedhim somethingheavyintotheriver Youcanseethem everynightthisweekattheNewTheatre laughing breaking dropping performing performcyclejumpdroplaughbreakburnquarrelentershare 5 Icouldhearthenewly marriedcouple everydayoversmallmatters 6 Wewatchedthecyclists downtheroadquickly 7 Canyousmellsomething 8 Wewatchedthreeoldmen thisfoodwitheachother shouting cycling burning sharing B 现在分词和不定式作宾语补足语的意义上有些不同 后者指事物的全过程 目的在于说明发生了事情 前者指正在进行继续的动作的一部分 目的在于将该动作当时进行的情景呈现于读者之前 正当于进行时态 e g Isawhimgoupstairs Isawhimgoingupstairs Iheardhimsingasong Iheardhimsingingasong feel find hear smell watch notice lookat Listento have get keep leave sb sth doing 1 The boywaslastseen neartheEastLake 2000Shanghai A missing playingB missing playC missing playedD missed toplay2 Doyouknowtheboy underthebigtree A layB lainC layingD lying3 Seeingthesun abovethesurfaceofthesea weletoutashoutofjoy A toriseB toraiseC risingD raising4 thelastbusmeanswalkinghome A MissB missedC MissingD Ifmissing A D C C Exercises1 Itwasalreadysixo clock wegothome A thatB sinceC whenD onwhich A 2 Themissingboywaslastseen neartheriver A playingB tobeplayingC playD toplay A 3 Theladywaswatched herroominsilence A hadleftB leftC leaveD toleave D 4 Theyknewherwell Theyhadseenher upfromchildhood A growB grewC wasgrowingD togrow A 5 Wewillmakeit toall sheisanewteacher A knowing thatB known thatC known whoD knowing who B 6 Thebuilding willbealibrary A buildingB havingbuiltC beingbuiltD tobuild C 7 TheEmperororderedthewonder fulcloth forhimwithoutdelay A toweaveB tobeweavingC tobewovenD tohavewoven C 8 There re5pairs butI matalosswhichtobuy A tobechosenB tochoosefromC tochoseD chosen B 9 Heisamanhard with A dealB tobedealtC todealD dealing C ClimbingoutofthewindowJumpingoverthefenceAskingapasser bywherethepostofficeisEnteringthepostofficeandwritingamessagePayingwitharingLeaving