英语48个国际音标表 (2)

1 英语国际音标概说及练习英语国际音标概说及练习 一一 英语国际音标英语国际音标 英语国际音标表 英语国际音标表 4848 个 个 1 1 元音 元音 2020 个 个 2 2 辅音 辅音 2828 个 个 清辅音清辅音 p p t t k k f f s s ts ts t t tr tr h h 浊辅音浊辅音 b b d d g g v v z z dz dz d d dr dr r r 鼻鼻 音音 m m n n 半元音半元音 j j w w 边边 音音 二二 英语语音初步英语语音初步 长元音长元音 i i u u 短元音短元音 i i u u e e 双元音双元音 ei ei ai ai i i i i e e a a 2 1 1 概说 英语国际音标共概说 英语国际音标共 4848 个 其中个 其中 2020 个元音 个元音 2828 个辅音个辅音 1111 个清辅音 个清辅音 1717 个浊辅音 其中个浊辅音 其中 3 3 个鼻音 个鼻音 2 2 个半元音 个半元音 3 3 个似拼音 个似拼音 1 1 个边音 个边音 2 2 元音元音 1212 个单元音个单元音 5 5 个长元音个长元音 i i u u 7 7 个短元音个短元音 i i u u e e 8 8 个双元音个双元音 ei ei ai ai i i i i e e a a 3 3 辅音 辅音 清辅音和浊辅音 清辅音和浊辅音 清辅音 清辅音 p p t t k k f f s s ts ts t t tr tr h h 浊辅音 浊辅音 b b d d g g v v z z dz dz d d dr dr 3 3 个鼻音 个鼻音 m m n n 3 3 个似拼音 个似拼音 h h r r l l 2 2 个半元音 个半元音 j j w w 3 1 1 个边音 个边音 l l 4 4 巧记巧记 4848 个国际音标个国际音标 单元音共十二 四二六前中后 单元音共十二 四二六前中后 双元音也好背 合口集中八个整 双元音也好背 合口集中八个整 辅音共计二十八 八对一清又七浊 辅音共计二十八 八对一清又七浊 四个连对也包括 有气无声清辅音 四个连对也包括 有气无声清辅音 有声无气浊辅音 发音特点应掌握有声无气浊辅音 发音特点应掌握 5 5 关于语音的几个概念关于语音的几个概念 a AHD 表示美语发音 为 The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language 简称 AHD 标音所用 b KK 音标是一套用于标注美式发音的符号系统 这是一套最 常用的也是最权威的注音法 从此人们把美语标准发音惯称为 KK 音标 c DJ 是根据英国学者 Daniel Jones 编的英语发音字典 English Pronouncing Dictionary 1963 中的标音而来 d 英式读音根据的是 English Pronouncing Dictionary 英 语正音辞典 它们代表了被称为 Received Pronunciation 简称 RP 标准读音 的读音 这在受过教育的英国人尤其 是南部英格兰人中通用 4 1888 年国际语音协会 International Phonetic Association 的语言学家便制定出一套可国际通用的语音符号叫国际音标符 号 IPA International Phonetic Alphabet 希望以一个符 号代表一音 并避免各人使用一套自己的符号所产生的不便 e 音素 音的最小单位 英语中有 48 个音素 f 音节 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位 g 元音 发音响亮 是乐音 口腔中气流不受阻碍 是音节的主要 组成部分 英语中有 20 个元音 h 辅音 发音不响亮 是噪音 口腔中气流受到阻碍 不是音节的 重要组成部分 英语中有 28 个辅音 i 开音节 1 辅音 不发音 e 如 kite cake name bike make take home plane shine 2 辅音 元音 如 he hi go no do be tree three hello j 闭音节 1 辅音 元音 辅音 sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head 2 元音 辅音 如 it is of in on up out ant A chicken is in the kitchen A horse is in the house 5 A mouse is in the cat s mouth A sheep eats some beef and drinks some green tea 三三 英语国际音标练习英语国际音标练习 1 1 元音元音 1 i i 字母组合 ee ea e ie three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean piece receive ceiling 2 i i 发音字母 i y e sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious 3 发音字母 a bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 4 e e 字母组合 ea e a head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any 5 字母组合 ir ur ear er or 6 girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve work worm work world 6 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listen famulus Saturday 7 字母组合 ar a car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm 8 发音字母 u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above 7 trouble rough flourish blood flood 9 字母组合 al or au our ar small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter 10 发音字母 o a hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash watch 11 u u 字母组合 oo o u food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full prude 12 字母组合 oo ou u o look good foot book wood should could put full bull pull push woman wolf 13 ei ei 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey name cake late gate plane April 8 play say may way great break rain paint plain they grey 14 ai ai 发音字母 i y bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye 15 a a 字母组合 ou ow house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town 16 发音字母 o ow oa home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal 17 i i 字母组合 oy oi boy toy joy oil soil voice choice 18 i i 字母组合 eer ear beer deer ear near here fierce idea 9 19 e e 字母组合 ear air ere pear bear chair air fair there where care 20 a a 字母组合 our ower hour tour flower shower 2 2 容易混淆的元音容易混淆的元音 e e bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said i ei i ei real rail greet great mean main read raid e a e a bet bite red write said side head hide a a house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count a a found fond down done gown gone town ton fan fun san son tan ton 3 3 辅音辅音 10 1 p p pen pear play pig pour pull push 2 b b book big boot bike bread break 3 t t tree two ten ton town twenty city 4 d d door dull desk dose do dog dictionary 5 k k king kite key look cook book kitchen sky card cat cream correct climb come account accept fox box oxygen x ray school schedule schema 6 g g girl good goal goat grade long language 7 m m man make moon morning move come comb 8 n n pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean 9 uncle bank English think thank junk sing king morning 10 long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soul 11 r r read red right run room write 12 f f five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh rough physic photo phone 13 v v v very evening even every voice vest of 14 s s six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate 11 piece juice science lance space ace 15 z z zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those whose 16 w w think thank three thirty tooth mouth 17 that this those these though 18 sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attention station social special sure 19 pleasure 20 h h hot hop home house horse how who 21 w w when what where window wind wood 22 j j yes year yell you your yolk yellow 23 t t child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach 24 dz dz age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk 25 tr tr tree country try treat track trunk 26 dr dr dry dream drop drive drink 27 ts ts students boots boats goats nuts 28 dz dz goods woods moods hoods 4 4 容易混淆的辅音 容易混淆的辅音 12 v w v w vest west vet wet vine wine very well s s sink think mass math miss myth sort sought z z close cloth breeze breathe n n thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing 5 5 字母 组合音节发音规律字母 组合音节发音规律 1 a ei ei late private grade bake grape nation station page active hand bank fan parent family glad flag accept about above formative machine cinema fast last glass class past father wash what watch want 2 e i i e e 不发音 appreciate extremely secret she me he letter left message generate pebble decide pretty previous result restore problem prosperous student confident active table late wife store lecture 13 3 i ai i ai i high price library ice cream wife size line fist pick chicken piano fianc city unit 4 o u u lode host cold note okay old home lose do who whose prove love some other mother honey company today tomorrow together control collect lost hot mock office soft honest 5 u ju ju u ju ju u university refuse unique universe huge put push pull full bull but brush bucket duck bubble support suggest 6 c k k s s country camp camera courage cable city ceiling celebrate cell cease 7 g g d g d girl grade glass glade bag flag village vegetable bridge gentleman gym long song sing morning evening 14 8 l l l 读音不同 listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal 9 n n n moon night noodle number uncle hungry angry young 10 r r r right read write grade progress card board door floor form north 11 y j ai j ai yellow year yell young yolk university country pretty happy dyke dying fly buy by my 12 ar farm card garde mark dollar warm quarrel quarter 13 ea i e ei i i e ei i cease season breathe feature meat please bread breast breath meadow weather great break idea realize 15 14 ear i learn earth earn heard hear near clear ear fear 15 er i deserve serve her person teacher driver ang