短文改错 谓语动词.doc

短文改错之谓语动词考点1时态前后不一致 典例1 When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there。 典例2 In the mornings，it was full of students exercising. The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid. Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees. 3.A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop.(2015全国)考点2缺少谓语或谓语动词形式错误典例1 We must found ways to protect our environment.(2015全国) 典例2 So real friendship should able to stand all sorts of tests.(2014大纲全国)考点3语态错误Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.典例2 Tony was scared and begun to cry.(2015全国) 典例3 Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles.(2013新课标全国)考点4主谓不一致 典例1 My dream school look like a big garden.(2014新课标全国) 典例2 The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby.(2014辽宁)考点5情态动词误用以及虚拟语气典例1 If you are me，would you talk to them？(2015四川) 典例2 My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile，I found out that with more patience I must make my toys last. My attitude changed from then on.(2012新课标全国)短文改错之动词错误提分技巧一常考考点1.时态使用错误（1）一般现在时和一般过去时的混用；（2）短文中时态的使用前后不一致；（3）在特定语境条件下时态地误用；2语态错误主要包括（1）主动语态与被动语态的误用；（2）被动语态中be动词的遗漏；（3）不及物动词用了被动语态。3非谓语动词的形式变化使用错误（1）动词不定式符号to的赘余或残缺；（2）过去分词和现在分词的混用等；（3）非谓语动词不同的时态和语态相混淆；（4）非谓语动词同谓语动词相混淆。二、解题策略，提分技巧1.动词时态、语态“四根据一辨别”（1）根据全文的时态或行文逻辑进行改错。（2）根据句中的时间状语进行改错。（3）根据连词连接的成分的对称原则进行改错（4根据固定句式里面的时态要求进行该错。（5）仔细辨别主语和谓语时主动关系还是被动关系，看动词时及物动词还是不及物动词。如果是及物动词要看其后有无宾语，是否是跟双宾语的动词等。2.非谓语动词“两识别两判断”（1）识别动词作谓语还是非谓语，若简单句中已有谓语动词，则考虑是否应用非谓语动词；（2）识别三种非谓语动词的基本用法，即动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词；（3）对照谓语动词发生的时间，判断非谓语动词的各种时态变化形式；（4）从非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系判断非谓语语态形式。考点归纳 动词和动词短语常考的几类动词及短语规则1：主动形式表被动含义某些不及物动词及短语，本身表被动含义，所以他们常用主动形式。这类动词及短语有：happen, occur, come out(（出版），cost, turn up(被找到)， come into being（产生）， come to ones mind(想起)， come into use(开始使用)，turn out(证明是，结果是)， come about(发生)， break out， belong to, come up(提出)， be worth, be to blame(受责备)等。某些实义动词的主动形式后跟副词表示主语的某种属性特征，不用被动形式。 这类动词有：sell， wash, write, last, read ,wear等。规则2：接虚拟语气的动词 有些动词表示“命令，建议，要求“等时，其后的宾语从句中要用“（should）+动词原形”结构。它们是;一坚持：insist二命令：order, command三建议：suggest, advise, propose四要求：demand, require, request, ask.规则3：带介词to的动词短语带介词to的动词短语有：be(get) used to, lead to, devoteto., look forward to, stick to, object to, get down to, adapt to等。当他们后面出现动词时候，要用v-ing形式。规则4：need, want, require, demand, deserve后常接动名词作宾语，表被动含义，可换成不定式的被动式。e.g. All cars require servicing regularly.=All cars require to be serviced regularly.3Hello，boys and girls！Today，I am going to talk about what you should do when a fire alarm go off.4I was taking a train to Londons Victoria Station . I had noticed that the carriage was noisy and filled with people.5Suddenly.they were looked like rain！6Suddenly Mary，my best friend，asking me to let her copy my answers.7I wanted to give up，but my grandfather told me to wait a little longer. Finally，there were a sudden pull at the pole and a fish was caught.8Here I am in the middle of a city,350 miles away from our farmhouse. Do you want to know why we move last week？9What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet connection in the