2019届高三英语第三次模拟考试题二.doc

此卷只装订不密封班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号 2019届高三第三次模拟考试卷英 语 （二）注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AFour Free Mobile Apps to Help You Learn English FasterHave you realized that you can put your smartphone to really good use for learning English? Here are 4 free mobile apps that will help you do just that.Hello EnglishIt covers all the aspects of language learning, including vocabulary, translation, grammar, spellings, spoken and reading skills. It uses interactive games to teach different English lessons and offers new audiobooks, latest news, and books. However, you should already understand basic English structures and alphabets, for the app cant help you learn English from scratch(从零开始).DuolingoIf you want to learn English from scratch, then this is the app you are looking for. Duolingo uses interactive games to help you learn English. For beginners, the app focuses on helping you learn verbs, phrases and sentences.LingbeIf you are ready to practice your spoken skills in the real-world, youll need Lingbe. Its a community-based app where people help each other and share their native languages. It connects you with real people on call who are native English speakers.HelloTalkHelloTalk is similar to Lingbe as it connects you with native speakers to help improve your language skills. However, it adds a few extra functions that might interest you. You can view the information about users to find a match that interests you. Additionally, you can also send text and audio messages, and even do video calls with other people.If you are a beginner, start from Duolingo and then use Hello English to take full command over the language. For fluent spoken English learners, you can try out Lingbe or HelloTalk.21. What should you already understand to use Hello English?A. Good reading and writing skills.B. Basic listening and speaking tips.C. Different English lessons and books.D. English letters and basic structures.22. Which app is the best choice for an English beginner at first?A. Hello English.B. Duolingo.C. Lingbe.D. HelloTalk.23. What can you do on Lingbe?A. Read the latest news.B. Enjoy the interactive games.C. Practice your spoken English.D. Talk with native speakers in the flesh.BWhen a driver slams on the brakes to avoid hitting a pedestrian crossing the road illegally, she is making a moral decision that shifts risk from the pedestrian to the people in the car. Self-driving cars might soon have to make such ethical(道德的) judgments on their own but settling on a universal moral code for the vehicles could be a tough task, suggests a survey.The largest ever survey of machine ethics, called the Moral Machine, laid out 13 possible situations in which someones death was unavoidable. Respondents were asked to choose who to spare in situations that involved a mix of variables: young or old, rich or poor, more people or fewer. Within 18 months, the online quiz had recorded 40 million decisions made by people from 233 countries and territories.When the researchers analysed these answers, they found that the nations could be divided into three groups. One contains North America and several European nations where Christianity has been the dominant(占支配地位的) religion; another includes countries such as Japan, Indonesia and Pakistan, with strong Confucian or Islamic traditions. A third group consists of countries in Central and South America, such as Colombia and Brazil. The first group showed a stronger preference for sacrificing older lives to save younger ones than did the second group, for example.The researchers also identified relationships between social and economic factors in a country. They found that people from relatively wealthy countries with strong institutions, such as Finland and Japan, more often chose to hit people who stepped into traffic illegally than did respondents in nations with weaker institutions, such as Nigeria or Pakistan.People rarely face such moral dilemmas, and some cities question whether the possible situations posed in the online quiz are relevant to the ethical and practical questions surrounding driverless cars. But the researchers argue that the findings reveal cultural differences that governments and makers of self-driving cars must take into account if they want the vehicles to gain public acceptance.At least Barbara Wege, who heads a group working on autonomous-vehicle ethics at Audi in Ingolstadt, Germany, says such studies are valuable. Wege argues that self-driving cars would cause fewer accidents, proportionally, than human drivers do each year but that people might focus more on events involving robots.Surveys such as the Moral Machine can help to begin public discussions about these unavoidable accidents that might develop trust. “We need to come up with a social consensus,” she says, “about which risks we are willing to take.”24.Why is it difficult to set universal moral rules for programming self-driving cars?A.Social values always change with the times.B.Moral choices vary between different cultures.C.Drivers have a preference for sacrificing the weak.D.Car makers are faced with decisions of life or death.25.The researchers conducted the study by _.A.using a massive online quiz worldwideB.comparing different cultures and customsC.dividing the respondents into three groupsD.performing a series of controlled experiments26.According to the study, in which country are drivers more likely to hit a pedestrian crossing the road illegally?A.Nigeria.B.Colombia.C.Finland.D.Indonesia.27.Barbara Wege would probably agree that _.A.Self-driving cars will greatly improve the traffic environmentB.Accidents caused by self-driving cars might receive more attentionC.Problems involving self-driving cars might shake the public trust in societyD.Car makers neednt take the risk of solving self-driving car ethical dilemmasCSixty-four-year-old Pierre Deom has spent his entire life close to the woods and fields that he loves. Twice a year, his magazine, La Hulotte, focuses on an animal or plant native to the French countryside.The 100th edition was published in November. The magazine counts more than 150,000 subscribers in many countries, and is doing very well financially. Deom says it all began in January 1972, when he was teaching science in a one-room schoolhouse here. “It upset me how the forests and swamps were beginning to be ruined. The word ecology(生态学) didnt really exist yet. Some friends and I wanted to call attention to the issue. So we said, lets educate the kids. Theyre ready to hear our message.” So he took a step into the unknown, planning to publish his nature journal.Deom does all the research and writing and the illustrations(插图) of the magazine by hand. He combines science and humor in his writing and drawing to describe the daily life and sufferings of his creatures. Animals you might overlook or consider dull are magically and vividly brought to life in La Hulotte. “I try to write about animals and plants that are easy to find because I want kids to put on boots, take a magnifying glass, go to the woods and fields to observe and be amazed by what they find,” Deom says.And it seems to work. Biologist Jerome Fournier began subscribing to La Hulotte when he was just eight years old. “For me it was the first contact with nature when I was a child. And maybe its the beginning for my life of scientist. I think so.”Whats amazing is its approach. The magazine has realistic drawings and also a little cast of cartoon creatures who comment on things and give a different views. You can read it as an adult or a child; it can be understood on two different levels. So scientists, regular people and children all get something out of it. “Its extraordinary.” Fournier says, who works at the Museum of Natural History in Paris, where he says La Hulotte has a crazy following.28. What does the underlined word “subscribers” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Readers.B. Editors.C. Sellers.D. Collectors.29. Whats the purpose of creating the magazine?A. To make a lot of money.B. To finish the task of teaching.C. To enlarge the areas of forests.D. To promote peoples awareness of ecology.30. Which words can best describe the magazine La Hulotte?A. Scientific and interesting.B. Magical and dull.C. Vivid and unreal.D. Hard to understand.31. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. The magazine is a cartoon one.B. Adults find the magazine too easy.C. Many scientists are the fans of the magazine.D. The magazine is not fit for regular people to read.DGold is one of the rarest materials on Earth and has always been considered a valuable and precious resource. Its very likely that someone in your family owns something made of gold, especially since China is one of the worlds biggest buyers of gold jewellery. Its even in our smartphones they contain parts made from this expensive material.But where does this beautiful metal actually come from? The answer: outer space.This August, Chinese scientists became the first in the world to witness gravitational waves(引力波) caused by the collision of neutron(中子) stars, reported Xinhua News Agency.The sight was witnessed at Chinas Kunlun Antarctic Station at the South Pole, and Insight, Chinas first X-ray astronomical satellite, also contributed to the discovery.Although collisions of black holes have been recorded before, this was the first time that two neutron stars were known to have collided. Its believed that such collisions lead to huge explosions of energy, and even to the creation of precious metals such as gold and silver.“The collision of neutron stars is like a very large gold factory in the universe,” Jin Zhiping, a researcher at the Purple Mountain Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told Xinhua.According to an article published by , scientists have long believed gold and other materials are created in this way, but it wasnt until the recent collision that their theory was confirmed.“The origin of the really heaviest chemical elements in the universe had confused the scientific community for quite a long time,” Hans Thomas Janka, a senior scientist at the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics in Germany, said in a news release. “Now, we have the first observational proof for neutron star mergers(合并) as sources.”Indeed, the recently observed collision is thought to have produced an amount of gold that would weigh 10 times more than Earth, according to New Scientist.Dont expect to be showered in gold any time soon, however. The collision actually took place 130 million years ago, taking all that time for the events light to reach Earth.But at least if you want to see a piece of space up close, all you have to do is to look at the ring on your moms finger or the smartphone in your pocket.32.Whats the authors purpose of writing the first two paragraphs?A.To emphasize the rareness of gold.B.To list some uses of gold in daily life.C.To explain the reasons for the popularity of gold.D.To interest readers about the source of gold.33.What would the collision of neutron stars lead to according to Xinhua?A.The creation of black holes.B.The death of the stars.C.The disappearance of gravitational waves.D.The creation of gold.34.Whats the text mainly about?A.Chinas Kunlun Antarctic Station does research into gold.B.Collisions between two neutron stars result in gold.C.Collisions contribute to the discovery.D.Gold is considered a valuable and precious resource.35.What can we learn from the article?A.The amount of gold produced by the collision was very small.B.The collision was the largest reported in history.C.China played a big role in the new discovery.D.The collision took place 130 years ago.第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Rich and FamousTwenty years ago the most common ambition of American children was to be a teacher, followed by working in banking and finance, and then medicine. But todays situation is quite different. 36 Instead they most commonly say they want to be a sports star, or an actor in other words, they hope to become a celebrity.According to experts, young people desire these jobs largely because of the wealth and the fame. 37 Lets take athletes and singers as an example. Their careers are short-lived. Many athletes best time only lasts a few years and singers can have a very limited career. The field that was once the focus of their lives becomes something they have little or no involvement in. As a result, theyll have a feeling of worthlessness and a lack of control. 38 The truth is quite simple: they have been so far removed from it for so long.In spite of these disadvantage, there is greater ambition than ever among young people to achieve that status. They are not satisfied just making a living they want to be rich and famous. Globally, more and more TV shows provide talent competitions where winners can achieve their goals in just a few weeks or months. 39 They unrealistically believe that this lifestyle is easily obtained and leads to great satisfaction.While many people argue that there is nothing wrong with having such ambitions, others feel that this trend will finally lead to dissatisfaction as more and more people are unable to reach their goals. 40 That means they ignore the simple fact that great effort is needed before success. As a result, many people wont realize their childhood dreams, which could have a negative effect on their happiness.A. The younger generation dont favor these professions any more.B. In many ways this has been brought about by the celebrity culture.C. Unfortunately, they do not always have a positive effect on peoples life.D. Besides, it can be difficult for them to adapt back to a normal everyday life.E. People no longer have a sense of satisfaction once their goals have been achieved.F. This quick way of gaining wealth and fame creates a celebrity culture among people.G. The reason is that they dont realize it takes talent and hard work to be rich and famous.第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。One day, while I was walking to work, I decided to bring some flowers that I had picked from my garden that morning. On the way, I 41 a stranger and presented the bunch to him with a smile card. 42 by the sense of joy, I felt from giving flowers to another person, and may be 43 his day, I wanted to do it again.When I got to my office, I had the 44 of anonymously(匿名) leaving flowers around the workplace. The impersonal(无人情味的) 45 of the building where I work makes me 46 . It just feels a little boring sometimes, 47 its a nice building with great light. I 48 lots of people might feel the same way, so why not put a little 49 there, and throw in an inspirational quote while Im at it? 50 , who doesnt like flowers?So, for the past month, Ive been putting flowers in a little cup on the sink in the 51 . Each week, I 52 the flowers and the quote. It always feels 53 for me to read quotes like Henry David Thoreaus “If one advances 54 in the direction of his dreams, he will meet with a 55 unexpected in common hours.” and Gandhis “The fragrance(香味) always 56 on the hand that gives the rose.” If anything, I figured, it at least makes me 57 each time I visit the bathroom.Then today, when I walked in, I 58 new flowers in the cup, and a quote that someone else had written! It said, “Be the change you wish to see in the world.” Gandhi.The little act 59 that at the end of the day, were all just people with hearts, 60 the various roles and different hats we may wear in the workplace.I did a little dance and I am smiling wide for the rest of the day!41. A. picked outB. came acrossC. called upD. pointed at42. A. StruckB. InformedC. SurprisedD. Honored43. A. calmingB. determiningC. reflectingD. brightening44. A. beliefB. wayC. ideaD. aim45. A. designB. atmosphereC. decorationD. regulation46. A. uncomfortableB. impoliteC. impatientD. unconscious47. A. whenB. unlessC. becauseD. though48. A. concludedB. consideredC. doubtedD. expected49. A. mysteryB. adventureC. beautyD. courage50. A. More or lessB. After allC. At mostD. In no case51. A. kitchenB. officeC. bathroomD. dinning-hall52. A. countB. checkC. cleanD. change53. A. refreshingB. interestingC. satisfyingD. puzzling54. A. confidentlyB. surprisinglyC. quicklyD. effectively55. A. prizeB. truthC. successD. shock56. A. holdsB. attachesC. remainsD. focuses57. A. strongB. happyC. excitingD. shocked58. A. noticedB. foundC. enjoyedD. put59. A. introducesB. warnsC. suggestsD. reminds60. A. regardless ofB. in terms ofC. in addition toD. instead of第三部分 英语知识运用第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。The makeup of British families has changed 61 (rapid) over the last two hundred years. The traditional family structure(结构) before the Industrial Revolution was the extended family in 62 three generations lived under one roof. The early twentieth century saw the 63 (grow) of the nuclear family parents and a small number of 64 (child) would form a single famil