河南专升本英语

从 2001 至今 河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习 普通专 升本 考试只考两门课程 一是公共英语课程 二是专业基础课程 公共英语课程是所有 非英语专业的必考课程 满分 150 分 可见公共英语在专升本考试中的重要性 为了帮应 试学生更好地整体把握考试 给出历年真题的题型及分值统计分析表 2003 2010 专升本公共英语真题题型及分值表 试题 题型 20032004200520062007200820092010 词汇 语法 3030304040404040 阅读 理解 6060604040404040 完形 填空 2020102020202020 翻译2020202020202030 词性 转换 10101010100 作文2020202020202020 总分150150150150150150150150 从该表看出 自 2006 年开始 词汇语法 阅读理解 完形填空 作文都是每年必考的固 定题型 并且分值不变 翻译也是每年必考的题型 从 2003 2009 年每年 20 分 英译汉 10 分 汉译英 10 分 但 2010 年翻译部分增加了 10 分的英汉对话翻译 词性转换自 2005 2009 年每年 10 分 但 2010 年取消该题型 每年固定不变的题型有词汇语法 阅读理解 完 形填空 翻译 作文 可变化的题型有词性转换 补全对话 辨识错误和英汉对话翻译 预 测这几种题型会任选一个 分值 10 分 2003 2010 年专升本公共英语词汇与语法测试试题分值表 考点20032004200520062007200820092010 语法14 20c 19 20c 15 10c 38 20 c 30 20 c 22 20 c 19 20 c 30 20 c 词汇161115 10 2 10 10 10 18 10 21 10 10 合计5050507070707060 比例1 31 31 31 21 21 21 21 3 从表中看出 直接考察语法和词汇知识分值有 70 分 占了总分值的近 1 2 从 2006 年开始 在 40 分的语法词汇部分 语法占的比重大 如 2006 年 语法 词汇是 38 2 2007 年 语法 词汇是 30 10 2008 年 语法 词汇是 22 18 2009 年 语法 词 汇是 19 21 2010 年 语法 词汇是 30 10 而阅读 翻译及写作部分 依然是考核语法 词汇基本知识的 所以学好语法词汇是考好专升本英语的关键 考什么 学什么 河南省教育厅学生处 专升本 考试的要求指出 英语考试要求为大学英语考试三 至四级水平 短短的几句话 包含了英语考试的全部内容 但我们考生很多时候却并不明 白 到底要考什么 Example 1 P52 03 36 Lynda and hundreds of young people like him the post of typist 第 A approach 方法 靠近 走近 B applied for C appealed to 吸引 恳求 上 诉 D approved of 赞成 题干研究 题干研究 1 考查词汇 Q1 like post typist 熟词生意 Post no bills 禁止张贴 Post position of paid employment 职位 2 考查语法 Q2 Lynda and hundreds of young people like him 并列平行结构 并 列连词所连接的并列成分应当在结构和功能上保持一致 这就是并列平行结构 该语法知 识点时常考到 历年真题再现 直接考的有词汇结构题中的 04 P98 24 间接考的有 05 P85 阅读中 4 中句子 A growing number of unemployed Americans waste time browsing the estimated 4 000 to 5 000 online job sites filling them with resum es and then waiting for replies 在这样一个句子中 并列平行结构这一语法知识对于句子的正确理解起到了绝对重要 的作用 选项研究 选项研究 A approach 方法 靠近 走近 B applied for C appealed to 吸引 恳求 上诉 D approved of 赞成 选项考查到 1 形近词 2 词义及语境 在此语境下只能选用某一选项 另外 appeal to 在同一份试卷的第 49 页阅读 3 中出现 综合本题 其主要考查词汇的 考查形近词在特定语境下的区别 但间接的考到了上 述的其他知识 如果不能正确理解上述相关知识 不可能理解本句的意义 也就不可能正 确地根据句义选出正确的答案 同时 需要提醒的是 在本题中间接考到的相关知识点在 另外的题目中就可能直接考到 真题已经说明了这一点 因此 教师要做到举一反三 同 学也要做到这一步 Example 2 04 P65 60 定语从句语法点 They overcome all the difficulties and fulfilled the plan three months ahead of time is something we had not expected A that B what C it D which 此处属于直接考 间接考例子有 翻译阅读同时出现 07 P96 p4 There never seemed to be enough time to go to church which disturbed some friends and relations 阅读出现 06 P85 P4 Internet addicted job seekers may be partly the cause of the fact that it is taking the unemployed 23 longer to find a new position than it took during the las t recession when the benefits online job searching were unavailable 同时注意本句涉及到的其他知识点 1 Internet addicted job seekers the cause unemployed position unavailable 这些都是一些 重要的词汇 在这里间接考到 2 语法要点 第一 定语从句 第二 同位语从句 常考点 07 P99 31 第三 than 比较级句子 专升本本英语考试到底考什么 手段无非从词汇和语法这两个方面来进行 辅之于阅 读 完形填空 翻译和写作这四种方法 因此 上课过程中 我们有时会把阅读的讲解拉 到语法 词汇讲解一块 因为它们本身是难以分开的 但侧重点有所不同 全程计划 词汇与语法 4 5 天 有同学会说单词词汇与结构一题一分 要花费那么多 时间干什么 这种想法是错误的 没有这些一切都不可能 从现在开始大家要把主要精力 花在背诵单词 词组上面 阅读 4 5 天 完形填空 4 5 天 翻译 写作各 1 天 其中完形 填空多占时间 翻译次之 上午课语法为主 下午要讲一部分词汇练习 因为语法学好了 对英语学习我们就有 了一个体系性的认识 所以我们首先从语法开始 但是单词 词组 固定搭配最难 第一部分第一部分 语法与词汇语法与词汇 Part 高频语法高频语法 关于语法 关于语法 语法会不会考 要考多少分 12 16 分 直接考不会少于 12 分 直接考什 么意思啊 要考考什么 通过 2002 2010 真题统计得出 语法考点依次重点为 从句 非谓语动词 虚拟语气 情态动词 形容词和副词 动词时态 动词语态 介词 倒装 独立主格 it 用法 主谓 一致 反义疑问句等 虚拟语气 名词性从句 定语从句 非谓语动词 倒装语序 这五大项排名不分先后 一般直接考 2 分左右 下面还有时态与语态 2 分 1 分 情态动词 have done 1 分 主谓 一致要考 1 分 强调句句型 1 分 专升本本英语考试中出现的语法 大部分都在中学出现过 因此 我们的辅导不宜面 面俱到 只需突出考试中最常考到的一些重点 难点 定语从句 名词性从句 非谓语动词的掌握不仅对于词汇结构直接考查有意义 而且 更为重要的是对于阅读理解意义相当重大 有些语法知识比如虚拟语气 倒装 强调句句 型 主谓一致 反义疑问句则主要对于词汇结构题直接考意义重大 有些语法知识诸如并 列平行结构 状语从句 插入结构 it 指代用法 比较结构则主要对于阅读理解有重大意 义 Studies show that most doctors sincerely believe that the seriously ill do not wan t to know the truth about their condition and that informing them risks destroying their hope so that they may recover more slowly or deteriorate faster perhaps even commit suicide 注意找主干注意找主干 语法涉及到体系性的理论问题 需要靠讲解 但也更需要结合习题来讲解 第一章第一章 定语从句定语从句 考什么 which 引导的非限制性定语从句 一级考点 定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引起的 在句子中充当定语成分 来修饰名词 代词或 句子 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后 这种名词或代词称为先行词 概念与例句 定语从句 关系代词 介词 关系代词 先行词 关系副词 The new points which the president stressed in his report are very important indeed 定语从句 关系代词 先行词 That is the reason why I am not in favor of revising the plan 定语从句 关系代副词 先行词 所有从句都是由连接词引出来的 定语从句的连接词被叫做关系代词 关系副词 具 体而言 有以下几种情况 一 关系代词知识点 关系代词先行词关系代词所作成分例句 that人或物主 宾 表1 which物或整句话主 宾 动词宾语 介词宾语 2 who人主3 whom人宾4 whose人或物定语 相当于先行词的所有格 5 as 人或物或整句话主语 宾语6 例句 1 One should not plant a garden that is too large for him to care for 阅读1 06 2 Because of their frequent wars many of their inventions were no more than improveme nts in the design of Greek weapons with which they were familiar 06 阅读 2 3 There are a lot of women who will do the job as well as men 06 阅读 2 Anyone who brought his sleeping bag and cooking equipment along could stay there for a very small quantity of money 03 月度 2 P48 4 He saw the manager talking with somebody whom he didn t know 5 Many people whose possessions were destroyed in natural disasters eventually considere d their loss as a blessing 06CET 6 12 6 As is often the case the more you use your brain the more active it will become 03 翻译 section B 4 P57 关系代词使用的几种特别规定 关系代词使用的几种特别规定 That 1 先行词是不定代词 常见有 all much any something anything 等 2 先行词被 all any every some a few a little 修 3 先行词被最高级 序数词 the only next same very 修饰时 4 先行词既包括人 又包括物时 5 只用 which 介词后 引导非限制性定语从句只能用 which 介词 which 既可以引导限制 性定语从句 也可以引导非限制性定语从句 该结构中介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的 固定搭配 也取决于先行词的习惯搭配 It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar This is the computer on which he spent all his savings 6 关系代词省略情况 that which 引导定语从句作宾语可以省略 但以下情况不可省略 第一 引导非限制性定语从句中 即使作宾语 which 也不能省略 第二 关系代词紧跟介词后 作介词宾语 此时一不可用 that 只可用 which 或 whom 引 导定语从句 并且不可省略 但当介词谓语定语从句句末时 作为介词宾语的关系代词仍 可用 that 也可以省略 This is one of the things with which we have to put up This is one of the things that which we have to put up with 二 关系副词知识点 关系副词与先行词关系在从句中所作成分 when先行词是表示时间的名词 相当 于介词 which 状语 where先行词是表示地点的名词 相当 于介词 which 状语 why先行词是表示理由的名词 reason 相当于 for which 状语 二练习反馈二练习反馈 长难句分析与理解 1 Do Americans have the capacity and vision to remove these structur al barriers thatthat denydeny democraticdemocratic rightsrights andand opportunitiesopportunities 06CET4 阅 读 2 Culture shock is an occupational disease for people who have been suddenly transplant ed abroad 04 P61 阅读 4 3 For primitive men activity during the day meant hunting and attacking in which he s oon saw as red the color of blood and fire 05 P70 阅读 1 4 The curriculum consisted mainly of the classical languages and the purpose of this kind of school was the preparation of boys for college where most of them would be fitted fo r the ministry 07 P97 改正句子中的错误 1 We grow all our own fruit and vegetables that saves money of course 2 New York is famous for its skyscrapers the highest of them has more than 100 storey 3 My boss even thought that beer was the best drink which he had ever drunk 4 I am pleased with what you have given me and all what you have told me 5 One of the most beautiful natural wonders in the United States is the Grand Canyon w here located in northwestern Arizona 6 The first place where the students visited in the motor factory was the tool room 7 Do you think the reason why he gave is believable 难句挑战 1 This new dictionary contains 16 ooo new words and expressions reflect recent research in science and technology A many of them B many of which C many of that D many of those 2 I ve never been to Beijing but it s the best place A where I d like to visit B in which I d like to visit C I most want to visit D that I want to visit it most 3 The days you could travel without a passport are a thing of the past A in which B on which C of which D at which 4 Sports most young people like very much may make you very strong A that B C which D and 5 In the Europe as elsewhere multi media groups have been increasingly successful grou ps which bring together television radio newspapers magazines and publishing house that work in relation to one another 找主干 第二章第二章 名词性从句名词性从句 考什么 that what 引导的名词性从句 一级考点 所谓名词性从句 就是把这个句子当作名词使用 并在句子中充当一定的句子成分 主语 同位语 表语 宾语 做什么成分 这个名词性从句就是相应的主语从句 同位语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 一主语从句 在句子中担当主语的是一个句子 这个句子就叫做主语从句 How this happenedis still a question It is clear that he has gone 所有从句都是由连接词引出来的 主语从句的连接词有以下几种情况 连词that whether that 在从句中没有任何意义 不作任何成分 但不 可省略 连接代词What whatever who whoever 连接副词When where how why 注意考点 1 In the new country that women go out to work and add to the family inco me is a new pattern of family life 2 What refrigeration did promote was marketing marketing hardware and electricity mark eting soft drinks marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price P81 test3 直接作为单向选择题出现的名词性从句考点有两处 第一 主语从句 第二 同位语从句 而主语从句直接考点最重要的就是关于 that what 区分问题 同位语连接词 that 不作任何 成分 没有任何意义 但在引导主语从句时不可省略 注意 名词性从句中的 that 与定语从句中的 that 有着明显的差别 作不作成分 有没有指 代 二同位语从句 读例子说问题 同位语 同位语从句 同位语连接词 1 The idea that we can invite him tomorrow is quite good 2 The rumor that there ll be earthquake soonspread all over the area 3 The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once 4 After a couple of rounds the only last and serious question remains whether our team can win the majority of the people 专升本考点 1 后面常接同位语从句的抽象名词 Belief certainty concept doubt evidence explanation fact hope idea news order promi se proof question rumor thought 等 2 分隔情况 有时 由 that 引导的同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面 而被谓语动词等隔开 Information has been put forward that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities 3 注意区分 that 引导的同位语从句和定语从句的区别 The suggestion that she should stay in the room is good The suggestion that she has given at the meeting is good 练习反馈 That 在第一个句子中引导的是同位语从句 没有意义 不作成分 但不可省略 难题挑战 1 The argument made by some scientist global warming is just a natural pheno menon has been challenged by new evidence A which B that C of that D about which 2 Because the drug has been studied in humans for only a few years nobody knows its long term effects might be A any of which B that C about which D what 3 The value of having frequent sun baths lies in they can do to our health A that B how C what D the fact that 4 the science of medicine is one of the most useful science is widely accepte d A That B Whether C What D Which 5 Schools libraries and community centers are the only places people have access to all kinds of information A that B where C which D as 三表语从句 如主句主语为 reason 只能用 that 引导标语从句 不可用 because The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies 第三章第三章 非谓语动词非谓语动词 考什么 1 不定式的省略 to 情况 不定式的被动式 完成式 2 涉及到固定搭配需要使用 的动名词形式 3 过去分词与现在分词作状语时候的比较选择 4 独立主格结构 非谓语动词是指那些在句中不能单独充当句子谓语成分的动词形式 基本形式有四种 不 定式 动名词 分词和独立主格结构 1 不定式 06P81 阅读 1 第三段 Freezers make it possible to keep some of the vegetab les to be enjoyed at a later date 第四段 One should not plant a garden that is too large for him to care for 2 动名词与现在分词 Having vegetables in the backyard makes home gardening appealing to many people 一不定式考点 不定式构成 to do 动词原形 1 不定式的时态与语态 时态 语态主动被动 一般式To do where can we get some sickles to cut the rice with 表示不定式动作与 谓语动词动作同时或在其后发生 To be done 完成式To have done Mrs Brown is supposed to have left for Italy last week 表示 1 不定式动作 状态发生于谓语之 前 2 表示将来某一时刻之前不定式 表示的动作 状态完成 We re leaving at six in the morning and hope to have done most of the journey by lunch time To have been done 进行式To be doing 完成进行式To have been doing He was happy to have been staying with his uncle 不定 式动作在谓语动作之前发生 但仍 在持续进行 注意 to have done 的特殊考点 1 should like would like love to have done 表示过去未实现的动作 I d like to have gone with you on your hike last weekend but I was too busy 2 在 wish intend mean expect pretend plan think 等表示 打算 计划 等含义的过 去时动词后面 接 to have done 也表示动作没有实现 I intended to have limited my research to waste water treatment but I was asked to deal with other problems too 2 n to do 介词 I haven t decided which hotel to stay at 3 do but except 结构中 but 前面有 do 的某种形式 but except 后接不带 to 的不定式 另 外 cannot help but 也接不带 to 的不定式 属于特例 4 had better would rather sooner than rather than might as well 之后必须接动词原 形 二 动名词考点 1 时态和语态 时态 语态 主动语态被动语态 一般式Doing I approved of his taking part in the project Being done After being interviewed for the job you will be required to take a language test 完成式Having done The man in the corner confessed to having told a lie to the manager Having been done She resents having been criticized by her boss yesterday 2 专升本英语可能会出现的后接动名词的动词有 admit appreciate avoid consider delay deny imagine mind miss practice resist risk suggest quit enjoy finish 如考到后两词 那属于弱智题 3 专升本英语可能会出现的后接动名词的词组有 be get used to be accustomed to be d evoted to be busy cannot help confess to give up have trouble in have difficulty in h1 it is no use good h2 look forward to object to lead to stick to get down to see t o 等 Used to do VS be used to doing h3 Be accustomed to be used to devote to dedicate to look forward to lead to contribute to object to stick to get down to see to 这里的 to 都是介词 后面只能接动名词 4 在 need want require deserve 等动词以及形容词 worth 后 动名词主动形式表示被动意 义 Your hair wants cutting 三分词考点 本部分结合教材 分词是非谓语动词部分最为重要的一个部分 分词包括 present participle past participle 分词也具有时态和语态的变化 1 现在分词与过去分词的区别点 语态时态 现在分词主动进行 一些特例情况下并不必然表示进行 如 promising young man 过去分词被动完成 还要注意原则上语态服从时态 如 retired general Seeing from the hill you can see the whole city Seeing from the hill the city is beautiful Heated to 100 water will boil Heating to 100 water will boil 2 有些过去分词已经转化为形容词 没有被动的概念和已经完成的概念 如 a practiced ma n 技术娴熟的人 well behaved young man 懂礼貌的年轻人 the cultivated people 有修养 的人 尤其在做阅读理解时候注意及时能从相应的动词意义转变过来 同样道理 有些动 词的现在分词也已转化为固定的形容词 主要是由表示人的情绪的动词变化而来 意思为 令人 如 amusing astonishing boring inspiring promising puzzling 这就要注意过 去分词 现在分词转化来的形容词词义的差别 Boring bored interesting interested satisfying satisfied tiring tired 等 3 现在分词的完成式 被动式 第一 表示一般性动作 不表明动作的先后或与谓语动作同时发生 用现在分词一般式 第二 现在分词所表示的动作先于句子谓语发生 要用完成式 not having done 第三 现在分词的逻辑主语是现在分词动作的对象 要用被动式 not being done not h aving been done 例句研究 1 Over fishing coupled with destructive fishing practices is killing off the fish and ruinin g their environment CET03 1 听力 顺便注意这里的主谓一致 is 过去分词转化的形容词短语作状语 2 They stated their considered judgement painstaking arrived at after thorough inquiry and deliberation CET4 03 9 过去分词做定语的典型例子 四 独立主格结构 我们在前面讲到过去分词和现在分词短语作状语时候 它们的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语 但有时过去分词短语和现在分词短语带有自己的主语 这个主语叫做逻辑主语 该逻辑 主语一般由名词或代词充当 放在过去分词或现在分词短语之前 我们把这一结构称为独 立主格结构 独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词 独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词 She walked along the path her daughter following close behind All the work done you can have a rest Weather permitting we ll go to the Summer Palace 一 独立主格结构特点 1 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同 它独立存在 Weather permitting we are going to visit you tomorrow 2 名词或代词与后面的分词 形容词 副词 不定式或介词短语等是主谓关系 The day being fine we decided to go swimming It being a holiday all the shops were shut 3 独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开 They ll send you the book for 10 postage included 二 with without 的复合结构作独立主语 一个独立主格结构前面可以加上 with without 作伴随状语或定语 我们可以把它理解为 with 的独立主格结构 1 The murder was brought in with his hands tied behind his back 2 The children looked at us with their eyes opening wide 3 With night coming on they went home 4 The river with grass and flowers on both sides runs through our schoolyard 三 练习反馈 1 there was nothing for it but to swim across A The bridge having been destroyed B The bridge was destroyed C The bridge to be destroyed D The bridge has been destroyed 2 With more and more students colleges higher education seems to have become a primary concern in recent years A attend B is attending C attending D are attending 第四讲第四讲 虚拟语气虚拟语气 虚拟语气考什么 虚拟语气考什么 考的是谓语动词形式 所有的虚拟语气考点都在谓语动词形式上 一 If 条件从句虚拟语气情况 时间If 从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式 过去Had doneWould should could might have done 现在Did wereWould should could might do 将来Did were to should doWould should could might do 错综时间虚拟语气 If he had prepared very carefully yesterday he could perform well now 连词 if 省略形成倒装 If 条件句中的连词 if 可以省略 但该句就要使用倒装语序 即将 were had should 等置于主 语前 形成倒装 Had you informed her earlier h4 she wouldn t have assigned the contract Were she living happily h5 I would be very astonished 二 用于某些动词的宾语从句中 以及由这些动词变来的分词 名词后的主语从句 表语从 句 同位语从句 其形式是 should 动词原形 表示愿望Desire prefer 表示建议Advise move propose suggest recommend 表示要求 请求Insist maintain oblige request require urge 表示决定Decide determine resolve 其他Arrange deserve intend motion promise 1 宾语从句宾语从句 He insisted h6 that she be in the office at six The doctor suggested h7 that she should take a trip 2 it is 过去分词的主语从句主语从句 It is required that the machine be tested 3 表语从句 同位语从句表语从句 同位语从句 His suggestion is that we go out on a picnic His suggestion that we go out on a picnic next Sunday is wonderful 三 用于 it is 某些形容词 主语从句 It is essential urgent necessary important advisable natural desired vital crutial strange that 的从 句中 谓语形式为 should 原形动词 It is necessary that the machine should be oiled every day 四 用于 it is high about time 从句中 h8 It is high time we went back to college 五 用于