computer concepts 课后填空

1 Computer ownership increased at a gradual pace from the late 1970s until the mid 1990s and then it suddenly accelerated after the opened for commercial use 2 Online social such as MySpace and Frendster added a virtual dimension to the way people interact 3 is a term that refers to objects and entities that exist largely within computer network 4 is the process of converting text number sound animation photos and video into data that can be processed by digital devices 5 is a process by which several technologies with distinct functionalities evolve to form a single product 1 A computer accepts input processes data stores data and produces accotding to a series of instructions 2 The term microprocessor is a synonym for the term microcomputer True or false 3 The program concept enables computers to be multipurpose devices 4 A n specializes in compute intensive problems 5 A n is a special purpose microprocessor that is built into the machine it controls 1 Most computers are devices that work with discrete numbers such as 1s and 0s 2 The number system represents numeric data as a series of 0s and 1s 3 A computer uses codes to represent the numerals in your Social Security number and street address Whereas it uses numbers for numeric data such as your age 4 A n is approximately one billion bytes 5 A n circuit contains microscopic elements such as wires transistors and capacitors that ate packed onto a very small square of semiconducting material 1 The human readable version of a program created in a high level language by a programmer is called code 2 A compiler converts all the statements in a program in a single batch and the sesulting collection of instructions is called code 3 In a machine code instruction such as 00000100 00000001 the left most number is the op code and the remaining numbers are 4 The ALU in your computer s microprocessor performs and logical operations 5 The microprocessor s unit fetches each instruction 1 A n protocol is any method that confirms a person s identitu using something the person knows something the person possesses or something the person is 2 Two factor authentication methods Which verify identity using two elements of confirmation such as an ATM card and PIN are typically more secure than single0factor authentication 3 A n is software that secretly records a user s keystrokes and sends the information to a hacker 4 Tiered passwords have the advantage of reducing the number of passwords you have to remember however their disadvantage is that a hacker who discovers one of your passwords will be able to use it to access many of your accounts True or false 5 A n manager is utility software that generates secure passwords and stores them along with user ISs and their corresponding sites 1 Popular devices include printers digital cameras Scanners joysticks and speakers 2 The first popular personal computers were models and this style remains popular for offices schools and homes 3 Portable computers are classified as notebooks and ultra mobiles 4 Key components of a n PC include a remote control device TV tuner and Viiv technology 5 To assess whether two computers are you have to consider if they run the same software and use the same peripheral devices 1 A microprocessor s speed is provided in a specification such as 3 6GHz 2 Some chipmakers use a number such as 560 To differentiate microprocessors 3 A front side is circuitry that transport data to and from the processor at speeds ranging from 200MHz to 1250MHz 4 A dual processor allows a computer to execute multiple instructions at the same time to achieve parallel processing 5 RAM is which means that it cannot hold data when the computer power is off 6 A computer does not usually run out of RAM because it can use an area of the hard disk called memory 7 The instructions for loading the operating system into RAM when a computer is first turned on are stored in Hint Use the abbreviation 1 time is the average time it takes a computer to locate data on a storage medium and read it 2 A disk drive is a n access device whereas a tape drive is a n access device 3 Higher disk provides increased storage capacity 4 A magnetic storage device uses a read write to magnetize particles that represent data 5 Hard disks are susceptible to head so it is important to make backup copies 6 Data on an optical storage medium such as a DVD is stored as pits and 7 CD RW technology allows you to write data on a disk and then change that data True or false 8 A USB flash drive uses solid technology to store data and programs 1 Computer devices include mice trackpads trackballs and joysticks 2 In the context of computer displays rate refers to the speed at which the screen image is repainted 3 The number of dots that form an image on a monitor or printer is referred to as 4 A printer with printing capability can print on both sides of the paper 5 AGP PCI and ISA are types of expansion 6 A n port provides one of the fastest simplest ways to connect peripherals 1 The Kensington Security is an industry standard security mechanism that s factory installed on many personal computers 2 A power is a sudden increase or spike in electrical energy Affecting the current that flows to electrical outlets 3 Most UPSs have two types of sockets one type offers backup plus surge protection and the other offers only surge protection 4 Many seasoned users have encountered the blue screen of that suddenly replaces the usual graphical screen display with an enigmatic error message written in white text against a bright blue background 5 Mode is a stripped down version of Windows designed for troubleshooting 1 The two main software categories are software and application software 2 Software can be defined as any type of application software that has the potential to help people do their work more efficiently 3 A type of application software that is called is designed to help several people collaborate on a single project using local networks or internet connections 4 A type of system software referred to as software is designed to help you monitor and configure settings for your computer system equipment the operating system or application software 5 A device is software usually run in the background without opening a window and is designed to help a peripheral device establish communication with a computer 1 various kinds of production software provide tools for creating and formatting printed and Web based materials 2 a spelling checker will find an error in The sailor tied a complex not True or false 3 software provides a sort of blank canvas on which you can create numeric models by simply painting values labels and formulas 4 software stores data as a series of records and allows you to establish series of records and allows you to establish relationships between different types of records 5 CD software transfers files from an audio CD to your computer s hard disk 6 Authoring software allows you to add Hollywood style menus to digital videos 1 One advantage of a software is that each application tends to have a similar user interface and it is usually easy to transport data from one application to another 2 System specify the operating system and minimum hardware capacities required for software to work correctly 3 If the opening screen of a software application contains no copyright notice it is not protected by copyright law True or false 4 Domain software is not copyrighted making it available for use without restriction except that you cannot apply for a copyright on it 5 A use license is priced per copy and allows a specific number of copies to be used ai the same time 6 Source software is distributed with its source code so that it can be legally modified and redistributed 1 At least one of the files included in a software package is an file designed to be started by users 2 A application is software that is designed to reside on a computer s hard disk 3 Usually all the files for downloaded software are zipped to consolidate them into one large file True or false 4 software is designed to run from removable storage such as a CD or USB flash drive 5 A software is a small section of program code that replaces part of the software you currently have installed 1 The term threat describes malware that combines more than one type of malicious program 2 A key characteristic of is their ability to lurk in a computer for days or months quietly replicating themselves 3 Unlike a a Trojan is not designed to spread itself to other computers 4 The term refers to software tools used to conceal malware and backdoors that have been installed on a victim s computer 5 When antivirus software finds a virus signature it typically the file by encrypting it and moving it to an isolated folder 1 An operating system manages a computer s such as RAM storage and peripherals 2 To run more than one program at a time the operating system must allocate a specific area of for each program 3 The core part of an operating system is called its 4 A n program stored in ROM tells the hard disk to load the operating system into RAM 5 A user encompasses the hardware and software that helps people and computers communicate with each other 1 The Windows operating system was designed to run on Motorola and IBM processors True or false 2 A n compatible operating system should run application software designed for the operating system s prior generations 3 A n boot computer could boot into Windows and then reboot into Mac OS 4 A computer configured with the correct set of machines could run Windows in a window on the Mac desktop 5 A resource is a companion file created by Mac OS to store information about the file and its data 6 is an open source operating system that can run on the desktop but tends to used for server applications instead 7 Windows Mobile Palm and Symbian are examples of operating systems used for handheld devices True or false 1 Windows file naming are different than for Linux 2 When using windows you cannot use a reserved word such as Aux as a file name True or false 3 On a computer running windows the hard disk letter is usually designated as 4 The root directory of a disk can be divided into smaller lists called that are depicted as folders 5 A file s location is defined by a file path which includes the drive letter one or more file name and extension 6 A file s can be important information when you are planning to transmit it to another computer over a network 7 A file is a sect