高三英语定语从句公开课教学设计

1 / 9高三英语定语从句公开课教学设计m 语法专题十二定语从句(一).定义定语从句，起形容词的作用，在句中常用来修饰名词或代词。被修饰的词称为先行词,引导定语从句的词称为关系词,关系词的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起引导作用;二是在意义上代替先行词,并在从句中充当一个成分。其中关系代词：who,whom,whose,which,that,as；关系副词：when,where,why。Thepenwhichmyunclegavemeismissing.Helivesinahousewhosewindowsfacesouth.Thefactorywheremyfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.Perhapsthedaywillcomewhenpeoplewillbeabletobreathecleanairincities.关系代词1.先行词是人，作主语，关系代词用 who,that（）neverleavestodaysworktilltomorrow.Theboy()isstandingthereismycousin.2.先行词是人，作宾语，关系代词用 whom,who,that,2 / 9()youvebeenexpectingtomeet.Theman()3.先行词是物，作主语，关系代词用 which,that（）hasjustleftisforGuangzhou.childrenliketoreadbooks()havewonderfulpictures.4.先行词是物，作宾语，关系代词用 which,that,或省略()youborrowedyesterdayisreallyinteresting.Thepen()myunclegavemeismissing.5.先行词是人、物，作定语，关系代词用 whose()namewasjackson.china,（）populationisthelargestintheworld,isdevelopingveryfast.关系副词1.先行词是表示时间的名词，在定从中作时间状语，关系代词用 whentrememberthedate()hewentabroad.Illneverforgettheday()Ijoinedthearmy.2.先行词是表示地点的名词，在定从中作地点状语，关系代词用 where;其中注意表示抽象概念的地点名词，如，situation、stage、degree、point 等表示方面或程度时，3 / 9也需用 where（）UncleWangoncelived.Theyhavereachedthepoint()theyhavetoseparatewitheachother.Hesgothimselfintoadangeroussituation()heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.3.先行词是 reason，在定从中作原因状语，关系代词用whytknowthereason()hewaslate.Noneofusknowthereason()Tomwasabsentfromthemeeting.4.引导定语从句的关系副词也可以用“适当介词+which”来代替。,1949wasthedaywhen（=）thePeoplesRepublicofchinawasfounded.Thisisthefactorywhere（=）weworkedayearago.Idontbelievethereasonwhy(=)hewaslateforschool.关系代词 thatwhich 的区别:只用 that 的情况先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much 等不定代4 / 9词时。()canpreventhimfromdoingit.先行词被 any,only,few,no,very,little 等修饰时。()Imlookingfor.先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。()theyvisitedinGuilinwasElephantTrunkHill.Thisisthebestfilm()Ihaveeverseen.先行词既有人又有物时。()theyrememberedintheschool.先行词被 theonly,thevery 修饰时。()heknows.句中已有 who 或 which,为了避免重复时。()isstandingbesideTom?不能用 that 的情况：引导非限制性定语从句；,()madehisfatherveryangry.介词+关系代词。（）myfatherlivedlastyear.as 引导定语从句时的用法(as 相当于thatwhich)as 引导限制性定语从句通常用于thesameas,suchas 结构中。5 / 9()Ilentyou.Suchmachines()areusedinourworkshoparemadeinchina.as 引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，位置灵活，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：asisknowntoall,asissaid,asisreported,asisannounced,asweallknow,asIexpect 等。eg.()Iexpected,hegotthefirstplaceagaininthismid-termexamination.Taiwan,()weallknow,belongstochina.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的主要区别:限制性定语从句:一般紧跟在先行词后面,不用逗号把从句与先行词分隔开来。使先行词的意思十分明确,成为特定的人或物,是句子中不可缺少的成分,少了它句子就会失去意义不能成立,或意思不清楚,不能说明问题。通常译为定语。非限制性定语从句:通常由逗号与句子其他成分隔开。只是对先行词作进一步的说明,没有它句子仍能成立,意思仍很清楚。通常译为并列的句子。（）wasinvited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整）Tomsfather,（）isoversixty,stillworksharddayandnight.（整个句子可6 / 9分成两句来翻译）.分隔定语从句即先行词与关系代词、副词之间被介词短语，同位语，谓语等分隔开来。此种定语从句，在选择关系词时，要注意找准先行词。（）Icantunderstand.Iwastheonlypersoninmyoffice()wasinvitedtotheimportantball.IsuggestyouchoosesomeoneIthink()isverykindandfriendly.选择填空：,XXPrinceWilliamandkatemiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony.2.)Gutteroilisillegallyrecycledcookingoil,containschemicalsthatareharmfultothehumanbodyandcanevencausecancer.,theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.7 / 9arebuiltclosetoeachother.,itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.,eachof-usesitsomewhatdifferently.theylendyouanumbrellainfairweatherandaskforitbackwhenitbeginstorain.-allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.9TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt,-isastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.,theconstruction-hadtakenmorethanthreeyears.,customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfortheholidays.8 / 9wehaddoneforhimhewroteusalettertopraiseforit.;that,isknowntoeverybody.14.isoftenthecasewithelderpeople,mygrandma,talkedaboutmynewhairstyleforatleast50minutesnonstop.,youwillreachapointinyourlife-youneedtodecidewhattodo.,theeconomicsystemhasseengreatchanges.haveeverlived.不填ismadeupofmatter.alltheteache