2008年职称英语卫生类B级真题及答案

20082008 年职称英语卫生类年职称英语卫生类 B B 级真题及答案级真题及答案 第第1部分 词汇选项部分 词汇选项 第第1 1 5题 每题题 每题1分 共分 共15分分 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线 请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接 近的选项 1 She found me very dull A dirty B sleepy C boring D lazy 2 The President made a brief visit to Beijing A working B short C formal D secret 3 He was persuaded to give upthe idea A mention B accept C drop D consider 4 Jack Consumes a pound of cheese a day A drinks B eats C buys D produces 5 Mary just told US a very fascinatingstory A strange B frightening C interesting D difficult 6 It s a gorgeousday anyway A cold B lovely C normal D rainy 7 Her life is becoming more diverse A generous B humorous C romantic D varied 8 Foreign military aid was prolonging the war A broadening B worsening C accelerating D extending 9 She was unwillingto go but she had no choice A unable B indecisive C reluctant D ready 1 0 She is slender with delicate wrists and ankles A sick B weak C pale D slim 11 With immense relief I stopped running A enormous B some C little D extensive 12 The scientists began to accumulate data A handle B collect C analyze D investigate 13 Jack eventually overtook the last truck A passed B hit C reached D led 14 Sometimes it is advisableto book hotels in advance A possible B profitable C wise D easy 15 The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzle A mystery B fact C statement D game 第第2部分 阅读判断部分 阅读判断 第第16 22题 每题题 每题1分 共分 共7分分 下面的短文后列出了7个句子 请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 如果该句提供 的是正确信息 请选择 A 如果该句提供的是错误信息 请选择 B 如果该句的信息文中 没有提及 请选择 C Survey Finds Many Women Misinformed about Cancer Sixty three percent of American women think that if there S no family history of cancer you re not likely to develop the disease a new survey found In fact most people who develop cancer have no family history of cancer according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists ACOG 美国妇产科医师学会 which sponsored the survey Too many women are dying from cancer Dr Douglas W Laube ACOG S immediate past president said during a Friday teleconference An estimated 200 070women will die in the U S this year and over 600 078 women will be diagnosed with cancer The results of this survey found a worrisome 令人担忧的 gap in women s know ledge about cancer Based on the findings ACOG is increasing its efforts to educate women about cancer and the need for regular screening tests Although the survey found many misconceptions 错误观念 about cancer 76 percent of women surveyed did say they feel knowledgeable about how they can reduce their risk of the disease However only 52 percent said they were doing enough to reduce that risk And 10 percent said they hadn t done anything in the past year to lower their risk Seventeen percent said they wouldn t change their lifestyles even if changes would lower their cancer risk Many women said they were afraid to undergo screening out of fear of finding cancer Twenty percent said they didn t want to know if they had cancer In response to these findings ACOG will launch on Oct 29 a new website Protect Detect What Women Should Know about Cancer The guide is designed to help women to take charge of their health and improve their understanding of their risk of cancer and the lifestyle steps they can take to cut that risk 16 Many American women have a poor knowledge of cancer A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 17 People with no family history of cancer are unlikely to develop cancer A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 18 More women are dying from cancer than men in America A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 19 Most American women know too little about how to lower their cancer risk A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 20 Some American women are just unwilling to change their lifestyles A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 21 Some American Women are too afraid of finding cancer to undergo screening A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 22 ACOG s efforts to educate women about cancer will be greatly appreciated A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 第第3部分 概括大意与完成句子部分 概括大意与完成句子 第第23 30题 每题题 每题1分 共分 共8分分 下面的短文后有2项测试任务 1 第23 26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1 4段每段 选择1个最佳标题 2 第27 30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项 Depression and the Elderly 1We all feel sad at times However clinical depression is a serious matter Clinical depression sometimes called major depression is a biologically based brain disorder that affects one S thoughts feelings behavior and physical health When people complain that they feel terrible they have no interest or take no pleasure ln things have trouble sleeping 1ack energy have poor appetite or cannot concentrate depression Is a definite possibility 2 Depression in its many forms affects more than 6 5 million of the 35 million Americans who are 65 years or older Most older people with depression have been suffering from episodes 发作 of the illness during much of their lives For others depression has a first onset 起病 in late life even for those in their 80s and 90s Depression in older persons is closely associated with dependency and disability and causes great suffering for the individual and the family 3 Many older people and their families don t recognize the symptoms of depression aren t aware that it is a medical illness and don t know how it is treated Others may mistake the symptoms of depression as signs of dementia 痴呆 Also many older people think that depression is a character flaw 缺陷 and are worried about being stigmatized 给 带来耻辱 SO they blame themselves for their illness and are too ashamed 羞 耻的 to get help Others worry that treatment would be too costly 4 Older persons with depression rarely seek treatment for the illness Unrecognized and untreated depression has fatal consequences in terms of both suicide and non suicide mortality 死亡率 The highest rate of suicide in the US is among older white men Depression is the single most significant risk factor for suicide in that population Tragically many of those people who go on to commit suicide have reached 0ut for help 20 see a doctor the day they die 40 the week they die and 70 in the month they die Yet depression is frequently missed 23 Paragraph 1 24 Paragraph 2 25 Paragraph 3 26 Paragraph 4 A What are the consequences of untreated depression in older people B How common is depression in later life C What is depression D What relieves depression in older people E Why does depression in older people often go untreated F Can depression in older people be treated 27 Clinical depression is different from 28 Depression in older people is strongly linked with 29 Depression is regarded by many older people as 30 Many older people commit suicide as a result of A unrecognized and untreated depression B a character flaw C normal sadness and grief D a definite possibility E dependency and disability F a significant risk factor 第第4部分 阅读理解部分 阅读理解 第第31 45题 每题题 每题3分 共分 共45分分 下面有3篇短文 每篇短文后有5道题 请根据短文内容 为每题确定1个最佳选项 第一篇 U S Life Expectancy Hits New High Life expectancy rates in the United States are at an all time high with people born in 2005 projected to live for nearly 78 years a new federal study finds The finding reflects a continuing trend of increasing life expectancy that began in 1955 when the average American lived to be 69 6 years old By 1995 life expectancy was 75 8 years and by 2005 it had risen to 77 9 years according to the report released Wednesday This is good news said report CO author Donna Hoyert a health scientist at the National Center for Health Statistics It S even beer news that it is a continuation 0f trends SO it is a long period of continuing improvement Despite the upward trend the United States still has a lower life expectancy than some 40 other countries according to the U S Census 人口普查 Bureau The country with the longest life expectancy is Andorra at 83 5 years followed by Japan Macau San Marino and Singapore Much of the increase owes to declining death rates from the three leading causes of death in the country heart disease cancer and stroke In addition in 2005 the U S death rate dropped to an all time low of less than 800deaths per 100 000 Dr David Katz director of the Prevention Research Center at Yale University School of Medicine said News that life expectancy is increasing is of course good But the evidence we have suggests that there is more chronic disease than ever in the U S Adding years to life is a good thing Katz said But adding vital life to years is at least equally important If we care about living well and not just longer we still have our work cut out for us he said 31 Since 1955 life expectancy rates in the U S have A moved up and down B been declining C been on the rise D remained steady 32 Compared with the country with the longest life expectancy the U S is A nearly 3 years behind B nearly 4 years behind C nearly 8 years behind D nearly 6 years behind 33 The increase in the U S life expectancy is mostly due to A increasing life expectancy rates in some other countries B declining death rates from heart disease cancer and stroke C a rise in the rate of chronic disease D a declining birth rate 34 Which of the following Statements is NOT true A The U S 1ife expectancy is at a n all time high B The U S death rate was at an all time low in 2005 C The annual death rate in the U S is over 800 deaths per 100 000 D Chronic disease appears to be at an all time high in the U S 35 The expression adding vital life to years in the last paragraph means A living well B living longer C living longer and well D living at any cost 第二篇 When Fear Takes Control of the Mind A panic attack is a sudden feeling of terror Usually it does not last long but it may feel like forever The cause can be something as normally uneventful as driving over abridge or flying in an airplane And it can happen even if the person has driven over many bridges or flown many times before A fast heartbeat Sweaty hands Difficulty breathing A dizzy feeling At first a person may have no idea what is wrong But these can all be signs of what is known as panic disorder The first appearance usually is between the ages of 18 and 25 In some cases it develops after a tragedy like the death of a loved one or some other difficult situation In the United States the National Institute of Mental Health says more than two million people are affected in any one year period The American Psychological Association says panic disorder is two times more likely in women than men And it can last anywhere from a few months to a lifetime Panic attacks can be dangerous for example if a person is driving at the time The Chesapeake Bay Bridge in the state of Maryland is SO long and SO high over the water it is famous for scaring motorists There is even a driver assistance program to help people get across Some people who suffer a panic a ack develop a phobia 恐惧病 a deep fear of ever repeating the activity that brought on the attack But expels say panic disorder Call be treated Doctors might suggest anti anxiety or antidepressant 抗抑郁的 medicines Talking to a counselor could help a person learn to deal with or avoid a panic attack There are breathing methods for example that might help a person calm down Panic disorder is included among what mental health professionals call anxiety disorders A study published last week reported a link between anxiety disorders and several physical diseases It says these include thyroid 甲状腺的 disease lung and stomach problems migraine headaches 偏头痛 and allergic 过敏的 conditions Researchers at the University of Manitoba in Canada say that in most cases the physical condition followed the anxiety disorder But they say exactly how the two are connected remains unknown 36 Which is NOT a possible sign of panic disorder A A fast heartbeat B Sweaty hands C A joyful feeling D Difficulty breathing 37 Which is NOT mentioned as a possible cause of panic disorder A Driving over a bridge B Flying in an airplane C Losing a loved one D Being between the ages of 18 and 25 38 Panic disorder is said to extend from A a few months to a lifetime B a few months to a few years C a few days to a few months D a few minutes to a few days 39 Which is NOT a possible treatment for panic disorder A Taking anti anxiety or antidepressant medicines B Repeating the activity that brought OR the attack C Talking to a counselor D Learning special breathing methods 40 Panic disorder is a kind of A lung and stomach problem B migraine headache C anxiety disorder D allergic condition 第三篇 A 1 ale of Scottish Rural Life Lewis Grassic Gibbon s Sunset Song 1932 was voted the best Scottish novel of all time by Scotland S reading public in 2005 Once considered shocking for its frank description of aspects of the lives of Scotland S poor rural farmers it has been adapted for stage film TV and radio in recent decades The novel is set on the fictional estate of Kinraddie in the farming country of the Scottish northwest in the years up to and beyond World War I At its heart is the story of Chris who is both part of the community and a little outside it Grassic Gibbon gives US the most detailed and intimate account of the life of his heroine 女 主人公 We watch her grow through a childhood dominated by her cruel but hard working father experience tragedy her mother S suicide and murder of her twin children and learn about her feelings as she grows into a woman We see her marry lose her husband then marry again Chris has seemed SO convincing a figure to some female readers that they cannot believe that she is the creation of a man But it would be misleading to suggest that this book is just about Chris It is truly a novel of a place and its people Its opening section tells of Kinraddie s long history in a language that imitates the place S changing patterns of speech and writing The story itself is amazingly full of characters and incidents It is told from Chris s point of view but also from that of the gossiping community a community where everybody knows everybody else S business and nothing is ever forgotten Sunset Song has a social theme too It is concerned with what Grassic Gibbon perceives as the destruction of traditional Scottish rural life first by modernization and then by World War I Gibbon tried hard to show how certain characters resist the war Despite this the war takes the young men away a number of them to their deaths In particular it takes away Chris S husband Ewan Tavendale The war finally kills Ewan but not in the way his widow is told In fact the Germans aren t responsible for his death But his own side He is shot because he is said to have run away from a battle If the novel is about the end of one way of life it also looks ahead It is a Sunset Song but is concerned too with the new Kinraddie indeed of the new European world Grassic Gibbon went on to publish two other novels about the place that continue its story 41 What is Sunset Song mainly about A The First World War B The beauty of the sunset C The lives of rural Scottish farmers D The new European world 42 Which statement is NOT true of Chris A She is the heroine of Sunset Song B She had a miserable childhood C She married only once D She is the creation of a man 43 What is the opening section of the novel mainly concerned with A The history of Kinraddie B The climate of Kinraddie C The geography of Kinraddie D The language spoken in Kinraddie 44 Who killed Chris S husband Ewan A The French army B His own troops C The Germans D The Russian soldiers 45 The word Sunset in the title of this novel most probably means A the end of the heroine s life B the end of the story C the end of the day D the end of the traditional way of life 第5部分 补全短文 第46 50题 每题2分 共10分 下面的短文有5处空白 短文后有6个句子 其中5个取白短文 请根据短文内容将其分 别放回原有位置 以恢复文章原貌 Rising Tuition in the US Every Spring US university administrators gather to discuss the next academic year s budget They consider faculty salaries utility costs for dormitories new building needs and repairs to old ones They run the numbers and conclude it seems inevitably that yet again the cost of tuition must go up According to the US s College Board the price of attending a four year private university in the US rose 81percent between 1993 and 2004 46 In 2005 and 2006 the numbers continued to rise According to university officials college cost increases are simply the result ofbalancing university checkbooks Tuition increases at Cedarville University are deter mined by our revenue needs for each year said the university s president Dr Bill Brown Student tuition pays for 78 percent of the university s operating costs Brown s school is a private university that enrolls about 3 100 undergrads and is consistently recognized by annual college ranking guides like US News and World Report s and The Princeton Review s 47 Tuition at private universities is set by administration officials and then sent for approval to the school s board of trustees 董事 48 This board oversees 监管 all of a state s public institutions John Durham assistant secretary to the board of trustees at East Carolina University ECU explains that state law says that public institutions must make their services available whenever possible to the people of the state for free Durham said that North Carolina residents only pay 22 percent of the cost of their education 49 State residents attending ECU pay about US 10 000 for tuition room and board before financial aid Amid the news about continued increases in college costs however there is some good news Tuition increases have been accompanied by roughly equal increases in financial aid at almost every university To receive financial aid US students complete a formal application with the federal government The federal government then decides whether an applicant is eligible 有资格的 for grants or loans 50 A The state government covers the rest B The application is then sent to the student s university where the school itself will decide whether free money will be given to the student and how much C At public universities however tuition increases must also be approved by a state education committee sometimes called the board of governors D The school currently charges US 23 410 a year for tuition