高考英语阅读理解技巧细节事实题ppt课件.ppt

Let sspotthedifferences 大家来找茬 高三英语专题复习 StrategiesforQuestionsofDetails英语阅读理解技巧 事实细节题 推理判断题 猜测词义题 阅读四大题型 事实细节题 主旨大意题 高考英语阅读理解题考查方式 是非题年代与数字考点Wh 题 who what when where why how 高考阅读考查细节理解题 1 细节题的题干分析 2 细节题解题方法 教学内容 分析往年福建卷的阅读细节题分别考查哪些信息 60 HowdidPercivalfeelduringhismeetingwithLaura 12 50 Whoaretheintendedreadersofthepassage 08 63 Whatmade I finallythinkofgettingacellphone 12 57 WhendidTanniwinherfirstOlympicgoldmedal 08 72 Whydidtheauthorandhiswifetryanewdiet 09 事件 人物 方式 时间 因果 Notlongago Mywife PJ andItriedanewdiet nottolosealittleweightbuttoansweranannoyingquestionaboutclimatechange 原因 72 Whydidtheauthorandhiswifetryanewdiet A TotakespecialkindsoffoodB Torespondtoclimatechange C ToloseweightD Toimprovetheirhealth 同义词 In1988 TanniwenttoherfirstParalympicGamesinSeoul Shewonbronzeinthe400metres Evengreatersuccessfollowedatthe1992Barcelona Paralympics Tanniwongoldinthe100 200 400and800metresrelay settingtwoworldrecordsintheprocess 时间 57 WhendidTanniwinherfirstOlympicgoldmedal A In1984 B In1988 C In1992 D In2007 事实细节题考查的六大信息 事实细节题干常用when where who why what和how等提问或要求用此类信息补全句子 考查对应的六大信息内容 即 和 时间地点人物原因事件方式 summary 1 Accordingtothepassage when where why how who what which etc 2 Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect true 三误一正 3 Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetext 三正一误 4Theauthor orthepassage statesthat 5 常见设题方式 题干设计常常避开原文中所用的词汇 而用其同义词 近义词或反义词设题 设题特点 解题技巧与策略 第一步 略读题干 Skimming 首先 快速浏览每道试题的题干 即问题 第二步 通读全文 Scanning 浏览了题干与选项之后 要带着 问题 通读全文 第三步 研读攻关 Close reading 注意对信息进行综合分析 分清主次 真伪 避免受信息的干扰 陷入高考题所设下的 陷阱 学会 排除 干扰项 NewYork AFrenchtouristhighlypraisedforrescuingatwo year oldgirlinManhattansaidhedidn tthinktwicebeforedivingintothefreezingEastRiver Tuesday sDailyNewssaid29 year oldJulienDuretfromFranceisthemanwholeftthespotquicklyaftertherescuelastSunday HeliftedthelittlegirloutofwateraftershefelloffthebankattheSouthStreetSeaportmuseum Hehandedthegirltoherfather DavidAnderson whohaddivedinafterhim Readingmaterial1 Q WhodivedafterDuretintotherivertosavethelittlegirl A DavidAndersonB Apasser byC HisgirlfriendD Ataxidriver 题干是问谁在Duret之后跳进河里救人 可以以dive为线索找到原文的Hehandedthegirltoherfather DavidAnderson whohaddivedinafterhim 故可知答案是DavidAnderson 1wh 细节题 语篇解读 本篇文章为说明文 说明了什么是食物中毒以及它常见的症状 导致食物中毒的原因 如何正确处理食物以减少中毒的可能 最后说明了食物中毒并不可怕 只要休息几天或多喝开水即可痊愈 Readingmaterial22010年广东卷C篇 Readingmaterial2Foodsometimesgetspoisonedwithharmfulthings Apersonwhoeatssuchfoodcangetanillnesscalledfoodpoisoning Foodpoisoningisusuallynotserious butsometypesaredeadly Thesymptomsoffoodpoisoningusuallybeginwithinhoursofeatingthepoisonedfood Feverisoneofthemostcommonsymptoms 第一段 QWhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue A Foodwhenpoisonedcanmakepeoplesick B Foodpoisoningmeansdeath C Foodpoisoningcomesinvarieties D Foodpoisoningcanbeserious Passage22010年广东高考阅读C篇 以偏概全 三正一误 2是非题 Foodpoisoningisusuallynotserious butsometypesaredeadly Readingmaterial3Thehumanbodyisalivingmachine andlikeallmachines itneedsfueltosupplyitwithenergy Thatisthefoodweeat Buthowmuchdoweneedtostayhealthy Theenergyvalueoffoodisusuallymeasuredincalories Acalorieistheamountofheatrequiredtoraisethetemperatureof1kgofwaterby1 Thenumberofcaloriespeopleneedperdayisdifferent asthechartshows 练习题 Q1 caloriesarerequiredtoraisethetemperatureof5kgofwaterfrom35 to90 A 55B 175C 325D 275 Q2 WhichstatementisTRUEaccordingtothechartabove A Achildaged8requiresmorethan3timestheamountofcaloriesthatababydoes B Aboyaged16requiresnearlytwicetheamountofcaloriesthataboyaged8does C Anofficeworkerrequiresthesameamountofcaloriesperdayasawomanfeedingababydoes D Afarmerrequiresnearly1 5timestheamountofcaloriesthatanofficeworkerdoes 文章 解析 答案为D 根据文章细节内容 计算公式为 90 35 5 1 275 3计算题 根据文章图表 依次验证A B C D四个答案的内容是否正确 很容易找出C符合图表内容 4图表题 Backinthefifteenthcentury inatinyvillagenearNuremberg livedafamilywitheighteenchildren Inspiteofthehopelesscondition twoofthechildren AlbrechtDurerandAlbert hadadream Theybothwantedtopursuetheirtalentforart Aftermanylongdiscussions thetwoboysfinallyworkedoutanagreement Theywouldtossacoin Theloserwouldgodownintothenearbyminesand withhisearnings supporthisbrotherwhoattendedtheacademy Then whenthatbrotherwhowonthetosscompletedhisstudies infouryears hewouldsupporttheotherbrotherattheacademy Tossingacoin AlbrechtDurerwonandwentofftoNuremberg Albertwentdownintothedangerousminesand forthenextfouryears supportedhisbrother whoseworkattheacademywasalmostanimmediatesensation 轰动 Bythetimehegraduated hehadearnedconsiderablefeesforhisoutstandingworks Whentheyoungartistreturnedtohisvillage theDurerfamilyheldafestivedinnertocelebratelbrecht striumphant 胜利的 homecoming Albrechtdrankatoasttohisbelovedbrotherfortheyearsofsacrificethathadenabledhimtocompletehisdream Andnow Albert blessedbrotherofmine nowitisyourturn NowyoucangotoNurembergtolookforyourdream andIwilltakecareofyou ToshowthankstoAlbertforallthathehadsacrificed AlbrechtDurerpainstakinglydrewhisbrother sinjuredhandswithpalmstogetherandthinfingersstretchedskyward Hecalledhispowerfuldrawingsimply Hands buttheentireworldalmostimmediatelyopenedtheirheartstohisgreatmasterpieceandrenamedit ThePrayingHands Readingmaterial4 Q1Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofthestory a AlbrechtwenttoNuremberg b Albertsupportedhisbrother c TheDurerfamilyheldafestivedinner d Albrechtdrewhisbrother sinjuredhands e Thebrotherstossedacoin A b a c d eB a e c d bC e a c b dD e a b c d 解题思路 先找出最早的一个时间和事件 把它作为事件发生的具体点 然后使用排除法将范围一一缩小 从而快速地选出正确答案 5排序题 细节题类型 1wh细节题 2是非题 3计算题 4图表题 5排序题 6其它题 summary 有时命题者故弄玄虚 在选项中加些夸大其词的说法 把 大约 说成 绝对 肯定 要留意选项中诸如all absolutely only never completely definitely等词 把抽象说成具体 或者把人名 地名 时间等张冠李戴 误串起来 从而构成形是实非的干扰项 注意 陷阱 明显不是文章的信息 与文中事实相反或不符 干扰项的特点与概括 事实细节题的考点 正误并存 扩大 缩小 范围 偷换概念 以偏概全 无中生有 信息部分正确 部分错误 是原文信息 但故意增加或减少细节 符合常识 但不是文章的内容 与原句的内容极为相似 但在程度 态度 褒贬色彩上有变动 是原文信息 但不是题干要求的内容 答非所问 Practicemakesperfect Nowayintheworldisthebestbutyours 2012年C篇Finally acellphoneThat s aphoneWithratesaslowas 3 75perweek Well Ifinallydidit Ifinallydecidedtoenterthedigitalageandgetacellphone Mykidshavebeenannoyingmeandthelaststrawwaswhenmycarbrokedown andIwasstuckbythehighwayforanhourbeforesomeonestoppedtohelp ButwhenIwenttothecellphonestore Ialmostchangedmymind Thephonesallhavecameras computersanda global positioning somethingorotherthat ssupposedtospotmefromspace Goodness allIwanttodoistobeabletotalktomygrandkids Thepeopleatthestoreweren tmuchhelp Theycouldn tunderstandwhysomeonewouldn twantaphonethesizeofapostagestamp Andtherateplans Theywereconfusing andexpensive andthecontract 合同 lastedfortwoyears I dalmostgivenupuntilafriendtoldmeabouthernewJitterbugphone Now Ihavetheconvenienceandsafetyofbeingabouttostayintouch withaphoneIcanactuallyuse FriendlyReturnPolicy30days30daysCallnowandreceiveaFREEgiftwhenyouorder TryJitterbugfor30daysandifyoudon tloveit justreturnit Whywait theJitterbugcomesreadytouserightoutofthebox Ifyouaren tashappywithitasIam youcanreturnitandgetyourmoneyback Callnow theJitterbugproductexpertsarereadytoansweryourquestions Call1 888 809 2012福建高考卷A篇短文长度 398个词 本文作者以自己的亲身经历引出一部手机订购的优惠条件 资费标准及购买方式 实质上本文是一则广告 63 Whatmade I finallythinkofgettingacellphone 64 Onthemonthlybasisof100minutes theJitterbugweeklyrateisabout 65 AnadvantageofJitterbugmentionedinthepassageis 2012年福建高考题阅读C篇 事件 计算 细节事实 63 Whatmade I finallythinkofgettingacellphone A Beingstuckbythehighway B Beingurgedbyhisgrandkids C Beingpersuadedbycellphonealespersons D Beingattractedbythefriendlyreturnpolicy 2012年福建高考题阅读A篇 Mykidshavebeenannoyingmeandthelaststrawwaswhenmycarbrokedown andIwasstuckbythehighwayforanhourbeforesomeonestoppedtohelp 答非所问 偷换概念 答非所问 64 Onthemonthlybasisof100minutes theJitterbugweeklyrateisabout A 3 75B 4 99C 14 99D 19 99 2012年福建高考题阅读C篇 19 99 4 65 AnadvantageofJitterbugmentionedinthepassageis A itsdiscountpricewithafreegiftB itsreasonablerateplanswithoutacontractC its global positioning systemwith911accessD itsgoodcustomerserviceallovertheworld 2012年福建高考题阅读C篇 原文定位 细节分析 正误并存 AffordableplansthatIcanunderstand一andnocontracttosign 签订 选项 Intermsoftheanswers 1正误并存2扩大 缩小范围3偷换概念4以偏概全5无中生有6答非所问 细节理解 summary 1 比较处常考2 因果关系处常考3 转折处常考4 引言处常考5 列举处常考 常考查位置 事实细节题解题技巧1 若针对特殊标点符号 举例子 名人名言出题 只需要阅读符号 例子 名言前后的内容 然后与选项核对 2 在出现一些关键词 如however but moreover therefore thus时 要特别注意句子前后意义的转折 递进 因果等关系 3 细节题的答案一般是同义替换项或者同义转换项 summary 4 选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是答案 如 must never themost all merely only haveto any no completely none 等 但不是绝对 也有例外 5 注意选项中的副词 形容词和介词短语等与原文是否一致 如 must may often should usually might most moreorless likely all never few等存在程度不同 经常被偷换 往往被忽视 6 细节题干扰项特点 与原文内容相反 与原文内容一半相符 一半不同 叙述过于绝对化 原文没有提及 Practicemakesperfect Mayyousucceedinyourstudies Thankyou B篇Candogsandcatsliveinperfectharmonyinthesamehome Peoplewhoarethinkingaboutadoptingadogasafriendfortheircatsareworriedthattheywillfight Arecentresearchhasfoundanewrecipeofsuccess Accordingtothestudy ifthecatisadoptedbeforethedog andiftheyareintroducedwhenstillyoung lessthan6monthsforcats ayearfordogs itishighlyprobablethatthetwopetswillgetalongswimmingly Two thirdsofthehomesinterviewedreportedapositiverelationshipbetweentheircatanddog However itwasn tallsweetnessandlight Therewasareportedcoldnessbetweenthecatanddogin25 ofthehomes whileaggressionandfightingwereobservedin10 ofthehomes Onereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodysignalswerejustopposite Forexample whenacatturnsitsheadawayitsignalsaggression whileadogdoingthesamesignalssubmission Inhomeswithcatsanddogslivingpeacefully researchersobservedasurprisingbehaviour Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachother slanguage Itisasurprisethatcatscanlearnhowtotalk Dog anddogscanlearnhowtotalk Cat What sinterestingisthatbothcatsanddogshaveappearedtodeveloptheirintelligence Theycanlearnhowtoreadeachother sbodysignals suggestingthatthetwomayhavemoreincommonthanwepreviouslysuspected Oncefamiliarwitheachother spresenceandbodylanguage catsanddogscanplaytogether greeteachothernosetonose andenjoysleepingtogetheronthesofa Theycaneasilysharethesamewaterbowlandinsomecasesgroom 梳理 eachother Thesignificanceoftheresearchoncatsanddogsmaygobeyondpets topeoplewhodon tgetalong includingneighbors colleaguesatwork andevenworldsuperpowers Ifcatsanddogscanlearntogetalong surelypeoplehaveagoodchance 32 Somecatsanddogsmayfightwhen theyarecoldtoeachotherB theylookawayfromeachotherC theymisunderstoodeachother ssignalsD theyareintroducedatanearlyage33 Whatisfoundsurprisingaboutcatsanddogs Theyeatandsleepeachother B Theyobserveeachother sbehaviors C Theylearntospeakeachother slanguage D Theyknowsomethingfromeachother svoices 34 ItissuggestedinParagraph4thatcatsanddogs A havecommoninterestsB arelessdifferentthanwasthoughtC haveacommonbodylanguageD arelessintelligentthanwasexpected 2011A26Intheanimalkingdom weaknesscanbringaboutaggressioninotheranimal T